Senate constituency in Spain
For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Navarre (Congress of Deputies constituency).
Navarre is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate of Spain, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Navarre. The electoral system uses an open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.
Electoral system
The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado), which was abolished in 2022. 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature.
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.
Electoral system
The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Senate of Spain, with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado), which was abolished in 2022. 208 seats are elected using an open list partial block voting system, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the Balearic and Canary Islands, districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—Mallorca, Gran Canaria and Tenerife—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—Menorca, Ibiza–Formentera, Fuerteventura, La Gomera and El Hierro (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), Lanzarote and La Palma—one each. Ceuta and Melilla elect two seats each. Until 1985, the law also provided for by-elections to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature.
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.
Senators
Elections
2023 general election
Summary of the 23 July 2023 Senate of Spain election results in Navarre
Parties and alliances
|
Popular vote
|
Seats
|
Votes
|
%
|
±pp
|
Total
|
+/−
|
|
Socialist Party of Navarre (PSN–PSOE)
|
265,990 |
27.51 |
+1.72
|
3 |
+2
|
|
Navarrese People's Union (UPN)
|
188,577 |
19.50 |
n/a
|
1 |
±0
|
|
Basque Country Gather–Left for Independence (EH Bildu–IE)
|
179,767 |
18.59 |
+0.70
|
0 |
±0
|
|
People's Party (PP)
|
176,048 |
18.21 |
n/a
|
0 |
–1
|
|
Unite (Sumar)
|
104,081 |
10.76 |
–2.61
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Yes to the Future (GBai)
|
37,375 |
3.87 |
–1.73
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)
|
4,263 |
0.44 |
–0.42
|
0 |
±0
|
|
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
|
2,408 |
0.25 |
–0.01
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE)
|
1,357 |
0.14 |
+0.01
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero)
|
1,174 |
0.12 |
–0.12
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)
|
n/a |
n/a |
n/a
|
0 |
–1
|
Blank ballots
|
5,852 |
1.74 |
–0.10
|
|
|
Total
|
966,892 |
|
4 |
±0
|
|
Valid votes
|
335,959 |
97.80 |
–0.29
|
|
Invalid votes
|
7,573 |
2.20 |
+0.29
|
Votes cast / turnout
|
343,532 |
66.07 |
+0.44
|
Abstentions
|
176,386 |
33.93 |
–0.44
|
Registered voters
|
519,918 |
|
|
Sources
|
Footnotes:
|
November 2019 general election
Summary of the 10 November 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Navarre
Parties and alliances
|
Popular vote
|
Seats
|
Votes
|
%
|
±pp
|
Total
|
+/−
|
|
Sum Navarre (NA+)
|
309,357 |
33.24 |
+1.33
|
3 |
±0
|
|
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
|
240,032 |
25.79 |
–4.76
|
1 |
±0
|
|
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)
|
166,537 |
17.89 |
n/a
|
0 |
±0
|
|
United We Can (Podemos–IU–Batzarre)
|
124,476 |
13.37 |
n/a
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Yes to the Future (GBai)
|
52,076 |
5.60 |
n/a
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Vox (Vox)
|
18,243 |
1.96 |
–2.28
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
|
8,002 |
0.86 |
–1.82
|
0 |
±0
|
|
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
|
2,425 |
0.26 |
–0.33
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)
|
2,278 |
0.24 |
–0.55
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE/ELAK)
|
1,207 |
0.13 |
New
|
0 |
±0
|
Blank ballots
|
6,084 |
1.84 |
–0.72
|
|
|
Total
|
930,717 |
|
4 |
±0
|
|
Valid votes
|
330,171 |
98.09 |
+0.45
|
|
Invalid votes
|
6,421 |
1.91 |
–0.45
|
Votes cast / turnout
|
336,592 |
65.63 |
–6.32
|
Abstentions
|
176,234 |
34.37 |
+6.32
|
Registered voters
|
512,826 |
|
|
Sources
|
Footnotes:
- Within the Change alliance in the April 2019 election.
|
April 2019 general election
Summary of the 28 April 2019 Senate of Spain election results in Navarre
Parties and alliances
|
Popular vote
|
Seats
|
Votes
|
%
|
±pp
|
Total
|
+/−
|
|
Sum Navarre (NA+)
|
325,305 |
31.91 |
|
3 |
±0
|
|
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
|
311,417 |
30.55 |
|
1 |
+1
|
|
Change (Cambio/Aldaketa)
|
288,947 |
28.35 |
|
0 |
–1
|
|
Vox (Vox)
|
43,253 |
4.24 |
New
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
|
27,291 |
2.68 |
|
0 |
±0
|
|
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)
|
8,022 |
0.79 |
|
0 |
±0
|
|
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
|
5,978 |
0.59 |
New
|
0 |
±0
|
Blank ballots
|
9,180 |
2.56 |
|
|
|
Total
|
1,019,393 |
|
4 |
±0
|
|
Valid votes
|
359,037 |
97.64 |
|
|
Invalid votes
|
8,689 |
2.36 |
|
Votes cast / turnout
|
367,726 |
71.95 |
|
Abstentions
|
143,359 |
28.05 |
|
Registered voters
|
511,085 |
|
|
Sources
|
Footnotes:
|
2016 general election
2015 general election
2011 general election
2008 general election
2004 general election
2000 general election
1996 general election
1993 general election
1989 general election
1986 general election
1982 general election
1979 general election
1977 general election
Notes
- ^ The percentage of blank ballots is calculated over the official number of valid votes cast, irrespective of the total number of votes shown as a result of adding up the individual results for each party.
References
- "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
- ^ Law 1/1977 (1977), trans. prov. 1.
- ^ Const. Esp. (1978), tit. III, ch. I, art. 69.
- Const. Esp. (1978), tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
- LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. I, art. 2.
- ^ Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
- LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
- Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
- LOREG (1985), tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. III, art. 29.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
- LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
- Const. Esp. (1978), tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
- LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. I, art. 2.
- LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
- Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21.
- LOREG (1985), tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. III, art. 29.
- RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
- LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
- ^ "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 December 2024.
Bibliography
42°49′N 1°39′W / 42.817°N 1.650°W / 42.817; -1.650
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