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Nara Apaya (Burmese: နရအဘယ; 1694 - 28 October 1761) was a 41st king of the Mrauk-U Dynasty of Arakan from 1743 until his death in 1761. Born from a poor background, he inherited the throne from his nephew. He was the longest reigning monarch of Mrauk-U, of the last period.

During his reign, the country faced severe economic and political crisis that in order to solve, the king launched military campaign against the neighboring countries. The king lost of control of south of Kyeintali fell to local rebellion. The standard Arakanese calendar was instituted during his reign.

Early life

The future king later grew up in the remote areas of Mrauk U. His later career as becoming a general in the royal court. His personal name was Yout Sway Pa (ရုပ်ဆွေဖ), named after his daughter who was called 'Yout Sway'.

He later studied with royal members of the Mrauk-U ruling family.

Reign

Upon his consonlidation of power, the Arakanese raided the cities of Bassein, Dala, Danubyu and Hinthada as much of lower Irrawaddy valley in 1744 which were nominal vassals of Smim Htaw Buddhaketi. The invasion initiated by his chief minister led 300 fleets sailed down to Kyeintali, from there the Arakanese forces reached town of Dala. Hanthawaddy King send viceroy of Sittaung to confront the raids, the resistants forces soon fells as one Arakanese viceroy counterattack using Nyaungbin Tree the crush the incoming forces which left Hanthawaddy forces in disray. The Arakanese captured Mon lord of Ngawon and his 5 concubines and poccessed many war loots. The King wrote a poet about upon returning to his state.

Around early 1750s, Konbaung-Hanthawaddy War rage on, however Arakan remained neutral but saw many Avans refugees seeking shelter and fleeing the war. King Apaya provided shelter and food to the refugees and settled them on a place called 'Pyaing Chaung' (ပြိုင်းချောင်း), on the west bank of Kaladan River.

One military expedition was launched against Bengal in 1751. The Mughal governor of Dhaka heavily resisted and the Arakanese forces retreated. In the following year, son of Sanda Wizaya named 'Tha ma', (သာမ) collaberated with Bengali Muslims was sent to retaliate against the king of Arakan. He died on way from Dhaka and the muslims retreated. His chief minister, Gu-Tha routed from coastal areas of Chittagong and Ramu, and from there his forces attacked the remaining muslims and captured large portions of slaves and cattle to be sold at the market.

In the year 1760, King Apaya sent his generals to defeat a rebel named 'Bo Nyo' inciting rebellion in the mountainous coastal town of Kyeintali. The fleets of the general has damaged and suffered losses, the rebel roamed freely. The army left a garrison at Sin Gaung but few months later the garrison becomes disaffected. Bo Nyo rebels attacked the garrison and one viceroy was killed. The Kingdom lost control of south of Kyeintali that would be governed by own local lords.

There was a seven days earthquake on the month of Thadingyut, 8 days on the month of Tagu, the king and the ministers withhold ceremony to pray for the safety of the kingdom. King Apaya took the title of "Nara Apaya Raza Mingyi" and built many Buddhist monastaries and temples for the religious faith and notably Lay kway-Taung Pagoda west of the capital. The King died soon after this and was succeeded by his son, Shwe Yout who reigned for 3 months before dying of smallpox.

Death

The King died on monday of 28th October 1761 (1st waning of Tazaungmon, 1123 ME), he was aged 67 and the oldest monarch to ruled Mrauk-U Kingdom.

References

1. "Burma Gazetteer:Akyab District Vol. A 1917". p. 27.
2. Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1999:130
3. Rakhine Razawin Thit Vol. 2 1997:132
4. Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1997:131
5. Rakhine Razawin-Thit Vol. 2 1997:132
6. Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1997:133

Bibliography

• Harvey, G. E. (1925). History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
• Myat Soe, ed. (1964). Myanma Swezon Kyan (in Burmese). Vol. 9 (1 ed.). Yangon: Sarpay Beikman.
• Myint-U, Thant (2006). The River of Lost Footsteps—Histories of Burma. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-16342-6.
• Sandamala Linkara, Ashin (1931). Rakhine Yazawinthit Kyan (in Burmese). Vol. 1–2 (1997 ed.). Yangon: Tetlan Sarpay.

v t e Burmese monarchs
Pagan dynasty 849–1297	Pyinbya Tannet Sale Theinhko Nyaung-u Sawrahan Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu Kyiso Sokkate Anawrahta Saw Lu Kyansittha Sithu I Narathu Naratheinkha Sithu II Htilominlo Naratheinga Uzana Kyaswa Uzana Narathihapate Kyawswa
Myinsaing and Pinya Kingdoms 1297–1364	Athinkhaya, Yazathingyan and Thihathu Thihathu Uzana I Sithu Kyawswa I Kyawswa II Narathu Uzana II
Sagaing Kingdom 1315–1364	Saw Yun Tarabya I Anawrahta I Kyaswa Anawrahta II Tarabya II Minbyauk Thihapate
Kingdom of Ava 1364–1555	Thado Minbya Swa Saw Ke Tarabya Minkhaung I Thihathu Min Hla Kale Kye-Taung Nyo Mohnyin Thado Minye Kyawswa I Narapati I Thihathura Minkhaung II and Thihathura II Narapati II Sawlon and Thohanbwa Hkonmaing Narapati III Narapati IV
Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1287–1539, 1550–1552	Wareru Hkun Law Saw O Saw Zein Zein Pun Saw E Binnya E Law Binnya U Maha Dewi Razadarit Binnya Dhammaraza Binnya Ran I Binnya Waru Binnya Kyan Leik Munhtaw Shin Sawbu Dhammazedi Binnya Ran II Takayutpi Smim Sawhtut Smim Htaw
Mrauk U Kingdom 1429–1785	Saw Mon Khayi Ba Saw Phyu Dawlya Ba Saw Nyo Ran Aung Salingathu Raza Gazapati Saw O Thazata Minkhaung Min Bin Dikkha Saw Hla Sekkya Phalaung Razagyi Khamaung Thiri Thudhamma Sanay Narapati Thado Sanda Thudhamma Thiri Thuriya Wara Dhammaraza Muni Thudhammaraza Sanda Thuriya I Nawrahta Mayuppiya Kalamandat Naradipati Sanda Wimala I Sanda Thuriya II Sanda Wizaya Sanda Thuriya III Naradipati II Narapawara Sanda Wizala Madarit Nara Apaya Thirithu Sanda Parama Apaya Sanda Thumana Sanda Wimala II Sanda Thaditha Maha Thammada
Prome Kingdom 1482–1542	Thado Minsaw Bayin Htwe Narapati Minkhaung
Toungoo dynasty 1510–1752	Mingyi Nyo Tabinshwehti Bayinnaung Nanda Nyaungyan Anaukpetlun Minye Deibba Thalun Pindale Pye Narawara Minye Kyawhtin Sanay Min Taninganway Min Mahadhammaraza Dipadi
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1740–1757	Smim Htaw Buddhaketi Binnya Dala
Konbaung dynasty 1752–1885	Alaungpaya Naungdawgyi Hsinbyushin Singu Phaungka Bodawpaya Bagyidaw Tharrawaddy Pagan Mindon Thibaw
Regent or Co-Regent Mongol vassal (1297) Confederation of Shan States (1527–55) Brief revival (1550–52) Vassal of the Confederation of Shan States (1532–42)

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