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Muromegalovirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Duplodnaviria
Kingdom:	Heunggongvirae
Phylum:	Peploviricota
Class:	Herviviricetes
Order:	Herpesvirales
Family:	Orthoherpesviridae
Subfamily:	Betaherpesvirinae
Genus:	Muromegalovirus
Species
See text

Muromegalovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. Rodents serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: infected peritoneal macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and hepatocytes, inducing significant pathology in both the spleen and the liver. Murid viruses Murid betaherpesvirus 1 (MuHV-1) and Murid betaherpesvirus 2 (MuHV-2), previously defined as mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV), belong to this genus.

Species

The following 3 species are assigned to the genus in ICTV 2022:

• Muromegalovirus muridbeta1
• Muromegalovirus muridbeta2
• Muromegalovirus muridbeta8

Structure

Viruses in Muromegalovirus are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 230kb in length.

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and budding. Rodents serve as the natural host.

References

1. ^ "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
2. ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2022 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
3. Koichi Yamanishi; Arvin, Ann M.; Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume; Edward Mocarski; Moore, Patrick; Roizman, Bernard; Whitley, Richard (2007). Human herpesviruses: biology, therapy, and immunoprophylaxis. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82714-0.

External links

• Viralzone: Muromegalovirus
• ICTV

v t e Taxonomy of the Herpesvirales
Higher taxonomy: Duplodnaviria > Heunggongvirae > Peploviricota > Herviviricetes > Herpesvirales
Malacoherpesviridae	Aurivirus AbHV-1 Ostreavirus OsHV-1
Alloherpesviridae	Batrachovirus RaHV-1 2 3 Cyprinivirus AngHV-1 CyHV-1 2 3 Ictalurivirus AciHV-2 IcHV-1 2 Salmonivirus SalHV-1 2 3
Herpesviridae IgHV-2	α ChHV-6 Iltovirus GaHV-1 PsHV-1 Mardivirus AnHV-1 CoHV-1 GaHV-2 3 MeHV-1 SpAHV-1 Scutavirus ChHV-5 TeHV-3 Simplexvirus AtHV-1 BoHV-2 CeHV-2 HHV-1 2 LeHV-4 McHV-1 2 3 MaHV-1 2 PnHV-3 PaHV-2 PtHV-1 SaHV-1 Varicellovirus BoHV-1 5 BuHV-1 CaHV-1 CpHV-1 CeHV-9 CvHV-1 2 3 EHV-1 3 4 8 9 FeHV-1 HHV-3 MoHV-1 PhHV-1 SuHV-1 β Cytomegalovirus AoHV-1 CbHV-1 CeHV-5 HHV-5 McHV-3 8 MnHV-1 PnHV-2 PaHV-3 4 SaHV-4 Muromegalovirus MuHV-1 2 8 Proboscivirus ElHV-1 4 5 Quwivirus CaHV-2 MschBHV1 TuHV-1 Roseolovirus HHV-6A 6B 7 McHV-9 MuHV-3 SuHV-2 γ EHV-7 PhHV-2 SgHV-1 Bossavirus DeHV-1 Lymphocryptovirus CalHV-3 CeHV-14 GoHV-1 HHV-4 McHV-4 10 PnHV-1 PaHV-1 PoHV-2 Macavirus AlHV-1 2 BoHV-6 CpHV-2 HiHV-1 OvHV-2 SuHV-3 4 5 Manticavirus PhaHV-1 VoHV-1 Percavirus EHV-2 5 FeHV-1 MusHV-1 PhHV-3 VeHV-1 Patagivirus VeHV-3 Rhadinovirus AtHV-2 3 BoHV-4 CrHV-2 HHV-8 McHV-5 8 11 12 MuHV-4 7 SaHV-2
Unassigned species listed below parent taxon –– Source: ICTV –– Wikispecies

• Betaherpesvirinae
• Animal viral diseases
• Virus genera
• Rodent diseases