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The Legio I Illyricorum was a Roman Legion stationed in Qasr el-Azraq and Palmyra; it is mentioned in the Notitia Dignitatum. According to many ancient sources, it was stationed within the Eastern Half of the Roman Empire, under emperor Aurelian.

History

This Legio I Ilyricorum was founded by the Roman Emperor Aurelian. The legion was made up entirely of soldiers who lived near the Danube river. In either 272 or 273 the legion would fight under Aurelian against the Palmyrene Empire. After the defeat of the Palmyrene Empire the legion remained in the east. They were based in Qasr el-Azraq and garrisoned Palmyra. The purpose of the legion was to prevent any more uprisings. During Diocletian's and Galerius' reigns the legion was transferred to the Camp of Diocletian near Palmyra. During the reign of emperor Licinius soldiers from the I Illyricorum would be transferred to Egypt and Cyrene. The commander of the soldiers at the time was Victorinus. Later, the Legion was transferred back to Palmyra. Sometime in the third century a unit of Moorish cavalry from the I Illyricorum would replace the Legio X Fretensis in Eilat.

Attested members

See also

• List of Roman legions

References

1. Kaiser, Anna Maria (2015). "Egyptian Units and the Reliability of the Notitia Dignitatum, pars Oriens". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 64 (2): 243–261. JSTOR 24433912.
2. Hebblewhite, Mark (2016-12-19). The Emperor and the Army in the Later Roman Empire, AD 235-395. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-03430-8.
3. Syvänne, Ilkka (2020-06-24). Aurelian and Probus: The Soldier Emperors Who Saved Rome. Pen and Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-5267-6753-0.
4. ^ Pollard, Nigel (2000). Soldiers, Cities, and Civilians in Roman Syria. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11155-8.
5. ^ "Legio I Illyricorum - Livius". www.livius.org. Retrieved 2020-10-19.
6. ^ Intagliata, Emanuele (2018). Palmyra after Zenobia. Oxbow.
7. Merrony, Mark (2017). The Plight of Rome in the Fifth Century A.D. New York: Routledge.
8. Speidel, M. P. (1987). "The Roman Road to Dumata (Jawf in Saudi Arabia) and the Frontier Strategy of Praetensione Colligare". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 36 (2): 213–221. JSTOR 4436005.
9. Whately, Conor (2021-06-22). Procopius on Soldiers and Military Institutions in the Sixth-Century Roman Empire. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-46161-1.
10. Lemire, Vincent; Berthelot, Katell; Loiseau, Julien; Potin, Yann (2022-03-15). Jerusalem: History of a Global City. Univ of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-29990-0.

v t e Roman legions
Legio I Adiutrix Legio I Armeniaca Legio I Flavia Constantia Legio I Germanica Legio I Illyricorum Legio I Iovia Legio I Isaura Sagittaria Legio I Italica Legio I Macriana liberatrix Legio I Maximiana Legio I Minervia Legio I Parthica Legio II Adiutrix Legio II Armeniaca Legio II Augusta Legio II Flavia Constantia Legio II Flavia Virtutis Legio II Gallica Legio II Herculia Legio II Isaura Legio II Italica Legio II Parthica Legio II Traiana Fortis Legio III Augusta Legio III Cyrenaica Legio III Diocletiana Legio III Gallica Legio III Isaura Legio III Italica Legio III Parthica Legio IV Flavia Felix Legio IV Italica Legio IV Macedonica Legio IV Martia Legio IV Scythica Legio V Alaudae Legio V Iovia Legio V Macedonica Legio V Parthica Legio VI Ferrata Legio VI Herculia Legio VI Hispana Legio VI Victrix Legio VII Claudia Legio VII Gemina Legio VIII Augusta Legio IX Hispana Legio X Equestris Legio X Fretensis Legio X Gemina Legio XI Legio XI Claudia Legio XII Fulminata Legio XIII Gemina Legio XIV Gemina Legio XV Apollinaris Legio XV Primigenia Legio XVI Flavia Firma Legio XVI Gallica Legio XVII Legio XVIII Legio XIX Legio XX Siciliana Legio XX Valeria Victrix Legio XXI Rapax Legio XXII Deiotariana Legio XXII Primigenia Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix

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