Edward Frederick Leitner, also Friedrich August Ludwig Leitner (February 4, 1812 – January 15, 1838) was a German botanist, naturalist and physician. He was killed in Florida during the Seminole Wars after volunteering to be a combat medic.
Edward Frederick Leitner | |
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Born | February 4, 1812 Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg |
Died | January 15, 1838 (aged 25) Near Jupiter Inlet, Florida, United States |
Alma mater | University of Tübingen Medical University of South Carolina |
Occupation | Botanist Physician |
Known for | Researching plant life in South Florida |
Military career | |
Allegiance | United States |
Battles / wars | |
Frederick Leitner was born in Stuttgart on February 4, 1812 to Johann Friedrich Leitner and Karoline Friedericke Bühler. His father was a gardener in the court of King Frederick I of Württemberg. At the age of four, his family moved to Schorndorf after the death of his father. Following studies of botany at the University of Tübingen, he moved to the United States after receiving a subsidy from the Society of Natural Sciences in Württemberg. In 1831 he began taking classes at the Medical College of South Carolina in Charleston. In 1832, he befriended the famous naturalist John James Audubon while he was in Charleston. In 1833, he began to travel to Florida and collect botanical and zoological specimens in the Everglades. During his travels he eventually reached the Florida Keys, during which, he paid a visit to the Dry Tortugas.In 1834, he graduated from medical college with a dissertation on Hippomane mancinella, subsequently working as a lecturer at the South Carolina Medical Society.
The Seminole War that began in 1835 obstructed Leitner's research in South Florida, as the region had become a dangerous war zone. Leitner planned to join a U.S. Military unit, as it was the only way he could still travel through Florida and continue his research. In 1836 he traveled to Key West, where he joined U.S. Navy Lieutenant Levin M. Powell's unit as a guide and surgeon. On 15 January 1838, he was killed by Seminole warriors at the First Battle of the Loxahatchee. It was reported in a newspaper that he was likely targeted by the Seminoles because of his role as a combat medic. His body was never recovered after the battle.
At the time of Leitner's death, he was considered one of the world's leading experts on Florida's nature. After his death, 800 of his specimens eventually came into the possession of Jean Louis Cabanis, however these were completely destroyed during the Bombing of Berlin in 1943. The genus Leitneria is named in his honor, as is the family Leitneriaceae, the latter taxa being circumscribed by George Bentham.
Publications associated with Leitner
- "Edward Frederick Leitner (1812-1838), Physician-botanist", by George Edmund Gifford (1972).
References
- Bulletin of the History of Medicine. Johns Hopkins University Press. 1972.
- Wickman, Patricia Riles (2006-08-27). Osceola's Legacy. University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-5332-2.
- ^ JSTOR Global Plants biography
- ^ Strang, Cameron B. (2018-06-13). Frontiers of Science: Imperialism and Natural Knowledge in the Gulf South Borderlands, 1500-1850. UNC Press Books. ISBN 978-1-4696-4048-8.
- BHL Taxonomic literature : a selective guide to botanical publications
- JSTOR Global Plants Entry for Leitneria Chapman, family Leitneriaceae
- The families of flowering plants Leitneriaceae Benth.
- Google Books Edward Frederick Leitner (1812-1838), Physician-botanist
- International Plant Names Index. Leitn.
External links
- Edward Frederick Leitner (1812-1838), Physician-botanist Archived 2015-07-13 at the Wayback Machine Bulletin of the History of Medicine. VoL XLVI, No. 6, November–December, 1972
- 1812 births
- 1838 deaths
- People from Schorndorf
- 19th-century German botanists
- 19th-century German naturalists
- Deaths by firearm in Florida
- American military personnel killed in the American Indian Wars
- Medical University of South Carolina alumni
- Württemberger emigrants to the United States
- University of Tübingen alumni
- People from Stuttgart
- People from Charleston, South Carolina
- German emigrants to the United States
- German explorers of North America
- Combat medics