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Double copy theory

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Theory for scattering amplitudes in perturbative quantum gravity

Double copy theory is a theory in theoretical physics, specifically in quantum gravity, that hypothesizes a perturbative duality between gauge theory and gravity. The theory says that scattering amplitudes in non-Abelian gauge theories can be factorized such that replacement of the color factor by additional kinematic dependence factor, in a well-defined way, automatically leads to gravity scattering amplitudes. It was first written down by Zvi Bern, John Joseph Carrasco and Henrik Johansson in 2010 and was sometimes known as the BCJ duality after its creators or as "gravity = gauge × gauge".

The theory can be used to make calculations of gravity scattering amplitudes simpler by instead calculating the Yang–Mills amplitude and following the double copy prescription. This technique has been used, for example, to calculate the shape of gravitational waves emitted by two merging black hole. This was proven to work at tree level and at higher orders, including at fourth post-Minkowskian order. The theory has been applied to black holes.

See also

References

  1. ^ Bern, Zvi; Carrasco, John Joseph M; Johansson, Henrik (2010). "Perturbative Quantum Gravity as a Double Copy of Gauge Theory". Physical Review Letters. 105 (6): 061602. arXiv:1004.0476. Bibcode:2010PhRvL.105f1602B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.061602. PMID 20867971. S2CID 35590493.
  2. Oxburgh, S. and White, C.D. (22 February 2013). "BCJ duality and the double copy in the soft limit". J. High Energy Phys. 2013 (127): 127. arXiv:1210.1110. Bibcode:2013JHEP...02..127O. doi:10.1007/JHEP02(2013)127. S2CID 119175289.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Borsten, L. (11 March 2020). "Gravity as the square of gauge theory: a review". La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento. 43 (3): 97–186. Bibcode:2020NCimR..43...97B. doi:10.1007/s40766-020-00003-6. S2CID 216347827.
  4. White, C. D. (12 January 2018). "The double copy: gravity from gluons". Contemporary Physics. 59 (2): 109–125. arXiv:1708.07056. Bibcode:2018ConPh..59..109W. doi:10.1080/00107514.2017.1415725. S2CID 118863994.
  5. Goldberger, Walter D.; Ridgway, Alexander K. (2017-06-30). "Radiation and the classical double copy for color charges". Physical Review D. 95 (12): 125010. arXiv:1611.03493. Bibcode:2017PhRvD..95l5010G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.95.125010. S2CID 22057355.
  6. Wood, Charlie (2022-03-29). "Massive Black Holes Shown to Act Like Quantum Particles". Quanta Magazine. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  7. Bern, Zvi; Parra-Martinez, Julio; Roiban, Radu; Ruf, Michael S.; Shen, Chia-Hsien; Solon, Mikhail P.; Zeng, Mao (2021-04-26). "Scattering Amplitudes and Conservative Binary Dynamics at ${\cal O}(G^4)$". Physical Review Letters. 126 (17): 171601. arXiv:2101.07254. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.171601. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 33988437.
  8. Monteiro, Ricardo; O'Connell, Donal; White, Chris D (2014). "Black holes and the double copy". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2014 (12): 56. arXiv:1410.0239. Bibcode:2014JHEP...12..056M. doi:10.1007/JHEP12(2014)056. S2CID 52994864.

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