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Botolan
Botolan Sambal
Native to	Philippines
Region	some parts of Zambales province, Luzon
Native speakers	(33,000 cited 2000)
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Philippine Central Luzon Sambalic Botolan
Official status
Regulated by	Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino
Language codes
ISO 639-3	sbl
Glottolog	boto1242
Area where Botolan Sambal is spoken according to Ethnologue
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Botolan is a Sambalic language spoken by 32,867 (SIL 2000) Sambal, primarily in the Zambal municipalities of Botolan and Cabangan in the Philippines. Language status is 5 (developing).

Varieties

The Ayta people of sitio Villar, Botolan, and sitio Kakilingan, Santa Fe, Cabangan also speak a Botolan dialect with some unique lexical items.

Ethnologue reports Ayta Hambali (Hambali Botolan), Sambali Botolan as dialects of Sambal Botolan. Among themselves, Ayta Hambali reportedly use some words that are similar to Ayta, Mag-Anchi.

Phonology

Botolan has 20 phonemes: 16 consonants and four vowels. Syllable structure is relatively simple. Each syllable contains at least a consonant and a vowel.

Vowels

Botolan has four vowels. They are:

• /a/ an open central unrounded vowel similar to English father
• /e/ a close-mid front unrounded vowel similar to German Elefant
• /i/ a close front unrounded vowel similar to English machine
• /u/ (written as ‘o’) a close back unrounded vowel similar to English flute

There are five main diphthongs: /aɪ/, /uɪ/, /aʊ/, /ij/, and /iʊ/.

Consonants

Below is a chart of Botolan consonants. All the stops are unaspirated. The velar nasal occurs in all positions including at the beginning of a word.

Note: Consonants /d/ and /ɾ/ can sometimes interchange as they were once allophones.

Stress

Stress is phonemic in Botolan. Word stress is very important; it differentiates homonyms, e.g. hikó ('I') and híko ('elbow').

Historical sound changes

Many words pronounced with /s/ and /ɡ/ in Tagalog have /h/ and /j/, respectively, in their cognates in Botolan. Compare hiko and bayo with the Tagalog siko and bago.

Sample texts

The Lord's Prayer

Version from Matthew

Tatay nawen ya anti ha katatag-ayan,
Hay ngalan mo ay igalang dayi nin kaganawan.
Andawaten nawen ya tampol kayna dayin mag-arí.
Mangyari dayi ya kalabayan mo bayri ha babon lotá
Bilang ombayro ha katatag-ayan.
Hapa-eg ay biyan mo kayin pamamangan ya
angka-ilanganen nawen.
Patawaren mo kayi ha kawkasalanan
nawen bilang pamatawad nawen ha nakapagkasalanan konnawen.
Agmo kayi biyan ma-irap ya pagsobok boy
ipakarayó mo kayi koni Satanas.

Philippine national proverb

Below is a translation in Botolan of the Philippine national proverb "He who does not acknowledge his beginnings will not reach his destination," followed by the original in Tagalog.

• Botolan: Hay ahe tanda nin nanlek ha pinangibatan, ay ahe makalateng ha lalakwen.
• Tagalog: Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan.

See also

• Languages of the Philippines

References

1. Botolan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
2. ^ "Ethnologue".(subscription required)
3. Himes, Ronald S. (2012). "The Central Luzon Group of Languages". Oceanic Linguistics. 51 (2): 490–537. doi:10.1353/ol.2012.0013. JSTOR 23321866.
4. "Botolan Sambal". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
5. "National Philippine Proverb in Various Philippine Languages". Carl Rubino's homepage.

• Antworth, Evan L. (1979). Grammatical Sketch of Botolan Sambal. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines.

External links

• Grammar sketch of Botolan found on Carl Rubino's homepage
• Sample recordings from the GRN Network, in Botolan
• Hay Halita nin Diyos, Bible verses in Botolan

• Sambalic languages
• Languages of Zambales