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BOP clade
annual meadowgrass (Poa annua)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Clade:	BOP clade
Subfamilies
Bambusoideae Oryzoideae Pooideae

The BOP clade (sometimes BEP clade) is one of two major lineages (or clades) of undefined taxonomic rank in the grasses (Poaceae), containing more than 5,400 species, about half of all grasses. Well-known members of this clade include rice, some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, and rye, many lawn and pasture grasses, and bamboos. Its sister group is the PACMAD clade; in contrast with many species of that group who have evolved C₄ photosynthesis, the BOP grasses all use the C₃ photosynthetic pathway.

The clade contains three subfamilies from whose initials its name derives: the bamboos (Bambusoideae); Oryzoideae (syn. Ehrhartoideae), including rice; and Pooideae, mainly distributed in temperate regions, with the largest diversity and important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Oryzoideae is the earliest-diverging lineage, sister to the bamboos and Pooideae:

References

1. ^ Grass Phylogeny Working Group II (2012). "New grass phylogeny resolves deep evolutionary relationships and discovers C₄ origins". New Phytologist. 193 (2): 304–312. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03972.x. hdl:2262/73271. ISSN 0028-646X. PMID 22115274.
2. Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Zuloaga, Fernando O.; Judziewicz, Emmet J.; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.; Davis, Jerrold I.; Morrone, Osvaldo (2015). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae)". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 53 (2): 117–137. doi:10.1111/jse.12150. hdl:11336/25248. ISSN 1674-4918. S2CID 84052108.
3. Janke, Axel; Zhao, Lei; Zhang, Ning; Ma, Peng-Fei; Liu, Qi; Li, De-Zhu; Guo, Zhen-Hua (2013). "Phylogenomic Analyses of Nuclear Genes Reveal the Evolutionary Relationships within the BEP Clade and the Evidence of Positive Selection in Poaceae". PLOS ONE. 8 (5): e64642. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...864642Z. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064642. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3667173. PMID 23734211.

v t e Grasses (Poaceae or Gramineae)
Morphology	Awn Caryopsis Culm Ligule Spikelet Tiller Tussock
Ecology	Bamboo C4 carbon fixation Graminivore Grassland Reed bed Savanna Steppe
Subfamilies	Early-diverging BOP clade PACMAD clade Anomochlooideae Pharoideae Puelioideae Bambusoideae (bamboos) Oryzoideae Pooideae Aristidoideae Arundinoideae Chloridoideae Danthonioideae Micrairoideae Panicoideae
Uses	Food Construction Landscaping Other Cereals Bamboo shoots Lemongrass Sugarcane Bamboo scaffolding Sod roof Thatching Lawn Ornamental grass Pasture Turf Bamboo musical instruments Bamboo textiles Switchgrass
Agrostology · List of Poaceae genera · see also: Graminoid · Graminid clade

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