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1981 South Korean legislative election

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1981 South Korean legislative election

← 1978 25 March 1981 1985 →

All 276 seats in the National Assembly
139 seats needed for a majority
Turnout77.74% (Increase 0.66pp)
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Chun Doo-hwan Yu Chi-song
Party Democratic Justice Democratic Korea
Seats won 151 81
Popular vote 5,776,624 3,495,829
Percentage 35.64% 21.57%

  Third party Fourth party
 
Leader Kim Jong-cheol [ko] Kim Ui-Taek [ko]
Party National Civil Rights
Seats won 25 2
Popular vote 2,147,293 1,088,847
Percentage 13.25% 6.72%

Speaker before election

Dissolution of parliament

Elected Speaker

Chung Rae-hyuk
Democratic Justice

This article is part of a series on
Politics of South Korea
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Elections
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Korean conflict

Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 25 March 1981. The elections were held following coups in 1979 and 1980, with major opposition political figures including Kim Young-sam and Kim Jong-pil barred from running and the Democratic Republican Party of late president Park Chung-hee forcibly dissolved. Kim Dae-jung was arrested on 17 May 1980, and was sentenced to death on a of "inciting rebellion". While ostensibly multi-party, the elections are widely considered to have been fraudulent, with opposition politicians being heavily vetted by the Agency for National Security Planning and the South Korean Army Security Command.

The result was a victory for the Democratic Justice Party, which won 151 of the 276 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 78%.

Electoral system

The new electoral system for the National Assembly abolished the president's power to appoint one-third of the chamber's members. Of the 276 seats, 184 were elected in two-member constituencies via single non-transferable vote, while the remainder were allocated via proportional representation at the national level among parties that won five or more seats in constituencies. Two-thirds of those seats would be awarded to the top party (which was then eliminated from further consideration for national seats), with the remainder allocated based on vote share.

Results

22811125151211
PartyVotes%Seats
FPTPPRTotal+/–
Democratic Justice Party5,776,62435.649061151New
Democratic Korea Party3,495,82921.57572481New
Korean National Party2,147,29313.2518725New
Civil Rights Party [ko]1,088,8476.72202New
New Politics Party [ko]676,9214.18202New
Democratic Socialist Party524,3613.24202New
Democratic Farmer's Party [ko]227,7151.41101New
Peaceful People Party [ko]144,0000.89101New
Socialist Party122,7780.76000New
Korea Christian Democratic Party103,8930.64000New
Unification National Group Party87,9770.54000New
Won-il Democratic Founding Party76,8630.47000New
Independents1,734,22410.7011011–11
Total16,207,325100.0018492276+45
Valid votes16,207,32598.84
Invalid/blank votes190,5201.16
Total votes16,397,845100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,094,46877.74
Source: Nohlen et al.

By city/province

Region Total
seats
Seats won
DJP DKP KNP CRP NPP DSP DFP PPP Ind.
Seoul 28 14 11 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
Busan 12 6 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Gyeonggi 24 12 10 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Gangwon 12 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Chungcheong 8 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 1
South Chungcheong 16 8 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 1
North Jeolla 14 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Jeolla 22 10 9 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
North Gyeongsang 26 13 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 3
South Gyeongsang 20 10 5 3 1 0 1 1 0 3
Jeju 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Constituency total 184 90 57 18 2 2 2 1 1 11
PR list 92 61 24 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 276 151 81 25 2 2 2 1 1 11

References

  1. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p420 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
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