1038 Dingxiang earthquake - Misplaced Pages

Earthquake in China

1038 Dingxiang earthquake

Local date	January 9, 1038 (1038-01-09)
Magnitude	M_s 7.25
Epicenter	38°24′N 112°55′E / 38.4°N 112.92°E / 38.4; 112.92
Areas affected	China
Max. intensity	CSIS X
Casualties	32,300 dead

The 1038 Dingxiang earthquake devastated present-day Shanxi Province, northern China on 9 January. At least 32,300 people died across the province when the M_s  7.25 earthquake struck Dingxiang and Xinxian counties. In Xinzhou, about 19,742 people died and 5,655 were injured. More than 50,000 livestock also perished. About 759 were killed in Guoxian County and in present-day Taiyuan, 1,890 people died.

Geology

The Xizhoushan Fault Zone, a strike-slip fault system within the Shanxi Rift System, may have been responsible for the earthquake. Field studies indicate at least three earthquakes occurred along the fault during the Holocene with the most recent event possibly being the 1038 earthquake. This fault delineates the Xizhoushan Mountains and Xinding basin within the rift system. Estimates of the right-lateral slip rate range from 5.86–5.22 mm (0.231–0.206 in) per year to as low as 2 mm (0.079 in) per year during the Holocene. At least 60 km (37 mi) of surface rupture along the fault was associated with the earthquake. Triggering of earthquakes in the rift system may have been due to the combined effects of coulomb stress transfer and long-term tectonic stress. In the case of the 1038 event, it was promoted by stress transfer from a previous M_s  7.5 earthquake in 512 AD. This may have in turn promoted the M_s  6.5 earthquake near Taiyuan in 1102.

References

Ziqun, Min, ed. (1995). Chinese Historical Catalog from 2300 B.C. to 1911 A.D. (in Chinese). Beijing: Seismological Press. p. 514.
National Geophysical Data Center (1972). "National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information". NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
ZhongyuanYu; Yin, Na; Wang, Chengyang; Deng, Miao; Lan, Weiguang (2021). "Active tectonics, paleoseismology and seismic hazards of the piedmont Xizhoushan Fault Zone in the Shanxi graben system, North China Block". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 205. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2020.104590.
Li, Ping’en; Liao, Li; Liu, Pan; Feng, Jianzhou; Guo, Xiangyun (2018). "Numerical Simulation of Relationship between Stress Field Evolution and Historical Strong Earthquakes in the Shanxi Seismic Zone". Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 108 (5A): 2389–2407. doi:10.1785/0120170378.

v t e Historical earthquakes (1000 AD–1500 AD)
11th-century	1026 Manju 1033 Jordan Valley 1038 Dingxiang 1068 Near East 1088 Tmogvi
12th-century	1114 Marash 1117 Verona 1138 Aleppo 1139 Ganja 1157 Hama 1169 Sicily 1170 Syria 1185 East Midlands
13th-century	1202 Syria 1222 Brescia 1222 Cyprus 1269 Cilicia 1275 British 1290 Zhili 1293 Kamakura
14th-century	1303 Crete 1303 Hongdong 1343 Naples 1348 Friuli 1349 Apennine 1356 Basel 1361 Shōhei 1382 Dover Straits
15th-century	1420 Caldera 1428 Catalonia 1456 Central Italy Haowhenua 1461 L'Aquila 1475 Tenochtitlan 1481 Rhodes 1491 Cyprus 1498 Meiō
16th-century	1505 Lo Mustang 1509 Constantinople 1511 Idrija 1513 Marash 1522 Almería 1522 Vila Franca 1536 Xichang 1531 Lisbon 1555 Kashmir 1556 Shaanxi 1570 Concepción 1570 Ferrara 1575 San Salvador 1575 Valdivia 1580 Dover Straits 1582 Ancuancu 1584 Aigle 1585 Aleutian Islands 1586 Tenshō 1586 Lima–Callao 1596 Keichō–Fushimi 1590 Neulengbach

v t e Earthquakes in China
Historical	1038 Dingxiang 1290 Chihli (Inner Mongolia) 1303 Hongdong, Shanxi 1536 Xichang, Sichuan 1556 Shaanxi 1604 Quanzhou, Fujian 1605 Guangdong 1626 Lingqiu, Shanxi 1654 Tianshui, Gansu 1668 Tangcheng, Shandong 1679 Beijing, Hebei 1695 Linfen, Shanxi 1709 Zhongwei 1718 Tongwei, Gansu 1733 Dongchuan, Yunnan 1738 Dangjiang, Qinghai 1739 Yinchuan–Pingluo, Ningxia 1786 Kangding-Luding, Sichuan 1815 Pinglu, Shanxi 1830 Cixian, Hebei 1833 Kunming, Yunnan 1850 Xichang, Sichuan 1879 Wudu, Gansu 1889 Chilik, Xinjiang
20th century	1902 Kashgar, Xinjiang 1906 Manas, Xinjiang 1913 Eshan, Yunnan 1918 Shantou, Guangdong 1920 Haiyuan, Ningxia 1923 Renda, Sichuan 1925 Dali, Yunnan 1927 Gulang, Gansu 1931 Fuyun, Xinjiang 1932 Changma 1933 Diexi, Sichuan 1936 Lingshan, Guangxi 1937 Heze, Shandong 1947 Assam 1948 Litang, Sichuan 1950 Assam–Tibet 1952 Damxung 1955 Kangding, Sichuan 1955 Yuzha, Sichuan 1966 Xingtai, Hebei 1969 Bohai Sea 1969 Yangjiang, Guangdong 1970 Tonghai, Yunnan 1973 Luhuo, Sichuan 1974 Zhaotong, Yunnan 1975 Haicheng, Liaoning 1976 Longling, Yunnan 1976 Tangshan, Hebei 1976 Songpan–Pingwu, Sichuan 1981 Dawu, Sichuan 1983 Heze, Shandong 1985 Luquan, Yunnan 1985 Wuqia, Xinjiang 1988 Lancang–Gengma, Yunnan 1990 Gonghe, Qinghai 1994 Taiwan Strait 1995 Menglian, Yunnan 1995 Wuding, Yunnan 1996 Lijiang, Yunnan 1996 Baotou, Inner Mongolia 1997 Jiashi, Xinjiang 1997 Manyi, Tibet 1998 Zhangbei 1998 Ninglang, Yunnan 2000 Yunnan
21st century	2001 Kunlun 2003 Bachu, Xinjiang 2003 Dayao 2003 Zhaosu, Xinjiang 2005 Ruichang, Jiangxi 2006 Yanjin, Yunnan 2008 Sichuan 2008 Yingjiang, Yunnan 2008 Panzhihua, Sichuan 2008 Damxung, Tibet 2009 Xinjiang 2009 Yunnan 2010 Yushu, Qinghai 2011 Yunnan 2011 Myanmar 2012 Yangzhou, Jiangsu 2012 Zhaotong, Yunnan 2013 Lushan, Sichuan 2013 Dingxi, Gansu 2014 Yutian, Xinjiang 2014 Yingjiang, Yunnan 2014 Ludian, Yunnan 2014 Jinggu, Yunnan 2014 Kangding, Sichuan 2015 Pishan, Xinjiang 2017 Taxkorgan, Xinjiang 2017 Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan 2017 Jinghe, Xinjiang 2019 Changning, Sichuan 2020 Kashgar, Xinjiang 2020 Qiaojia, Yunnan 2021 Dali, Yunnan 2021 Maduo, Qinghai 2021 Luxian, Sichuan 2022 Menyuan, Qinghai 2022 Ya'an, Sichuan 2022 Luding, Sichuan 2023 Jishishan 2024 Uqturpan 2025 Tibet
By province	Sichuan Yunnan
Organizations	China Meteorological Administration China Earthquake Administration China Earthquake Networks Center China Geological Survey China International Search and Rescue Team

Categories:

Geology

See also

References