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A Vorbis comment is a metadata container used in the Vorbis, FLAC, Theora and Speex file formats. It allows information such as the title, artist, album, track number or other information about the file to be added to the file itself. However, as the official Ogg Vorbis documentation notes:

is meant for short, text comments, not arbitrary metadata; arbitrary metadata belongs in a separate logical bitstream (usually an XML stream type) that provides greater structure and machine parseability.

Format

A Vorbis tag is a list of fields in the format FieldName=Data. The field name can be composed of printable ASCII characters, 0x20 (space) through 0x7D ('}'), with 0x3D ('=') and 0x7E ('~') excluded. It is case insensitive, so artist and ARTIST are the same field. The number of fields and their length is restricted to 4,294,967,295 (the maximum value of a 32-bit integer), but most tag editing applications impose stricter limits.

The data are encoded in UTF-8, and so any Unicode string may be used as a value.

Any tag name is allowed, and there is no format that the data values must be in. This is in contrast to the ID3 format used for MP3s, which is highly structured. Field names are also permitted to be used more than once. It is encouraged to use this feature to support multiple values, for example two ARTIST=... fields to list both artists of a single composition.

The specification gives several example tag names such as TITLE and TRACKNUMBER. Most applications also support common de facto standards, such as DISCNUMBER and tags for ReplayGain information.

There are no provisions for storing binary data in Vorbis comments. This is by design; they are intended to be used as part of a container format such as Ogg, and any additional binary data should be encoded into the container as a stream. The exception to this, by popular request, is a proposal to incorporate cover art into a Vorbis comment.

See also

• APEv2 tag
• ID3
• CD-Text

References

1. Ogg Vorbis I format specification: comment field and header specification, with suggestions for field names

External links

• Xiph.Org's specification for Vorbis Comments
• Xiph.Org's proposal for extensions to Vorbis Comments
• Xiph.Org's chapter mark extension for Vorbis Comments
• Metadata issues and proposals for extending the Ogg Vorbis Comment system

• Metadata
• Computer file formats