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Ağaçeri was a Turkmen tribe.

Etymology

The name of the tribe was attested by multiple medieval sources. 12–13th-century Ilkhanid historian Rashid al-Din Hamadani pointed out that the tribe's name was not mentioned in earlier works and referred to an Oghuz group that settled in the forested areas of the Middle East, which earned its name. The term means "people of the forest" in Turkic languages. Present-day members of the tribe in Iran, primarily those who do not speak Turkic, hold that the name originates in the terms agha (gentleman) and jari (bold), which are lexical borrowings that entered Persian from Turkic.

History

Some sources relate the tribe's origins to the Akatziri tribe that inhabited Russia in the 5th century. However, medieval historians including Izz al-Din ibn Shaddad, Abu al-Faraj, Rashid al-Din Hamadani, Aziz ibn Ardashir-i Astarabadi, Badr al-Din al-Ayni, and al-Maqrizi mentioned the tribe's Turkmen origin. Historian Faruk Sümer suggests that Ağaçeri may be related to the Turkmens who previously initiated the Babai revolt as they inhabited the same region around Malatya.

During the second half of the 14th century, the tribe forged an alliance with the Qara Qoyunlu. Its head at the time, Hasan, was the son of Tatar Khatun, who was the sister of Qara Mahammad (r. 1380–89), the ruler of the Qara Qoyunlu. In the next century, the tribe migrated to Iran along with the Qara Qoyunlu tribe. Members of the tribe, Husayn, Savalan, and Ali Beg were among the chieftains loyal the Qara Qoyunlu ruler Iskandar (r. 1421–29, 1431–36). Ali Beg was among the ranks of the Qara Qoyunlu forces in the skirmish against the Aq Qoyunlu tribe in 1450. He was captured but later released by the Aq Qoyunlu. Upon the downfall of the Qara Qoyunlu, Ali Beg and various other Ağaçeri lords entered into the service of the ruler of the Aq Qoyunlu, Uzun Hasan (r. 1453–78). Members of the Ağaçeri tribe continued to serve various Aq Qoyunlu lords, such as Hajji Hasan and Dündar-i Ahaj Eri who served Jahan Shah Mirza and Uzun Hasan's son Zeynel Mirza, respectively.

Ağaçeri is not mentioned in Safavid chronicles. When Tabriz temporarily came under Ottoman control in the first half of the 18th century, a tahrir defter attested a nearby village that was the namesake of the tribe of Ağaçeri. In mid-19th century, Ağaçeri appeared in records as a wealthy tribe of 1000 tents incorporating the sub-tribes of Chaghatai and Kashtil. By the next century, the tribe was known to be inhabiting Kohgiluyeh and included the sub-tribes of Afshar, Begdili, and Tilku.

References

1. ^ Oberling 1984, p. 605.
2. ^ Sümer 1988, p. 460.
3. ^ Sümer 1988, pp. 460–461.

Bibliography

• Oberling, Pierre (1984). "Aḡāč Erī". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. I/6: Afghanistan–Ahriman. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 605–606. ISBN 978-0-71009-095-9.
• Sümer, Faruk (1988). "Ağaçeriler". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 1 (Âb-ı Hayat – El-ahkâmü'ş-şer'i̇yye) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 460–461. ISBN 978-975-954-801-8.

• Oghuz tribes