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| == Publications == | == Publications == | ||
| The IPCC first assessment report was completed in 1990, and served as the basis of the ]. | The IPCC first assessment report was completed in 1990, and served as the basis of the ] (UNFCCC). | ||
| === Climate Change 1995 === | === Climate Change 1995 === | ||
| ''Climate Change 1995'' was finished in ], and is the second assessment of the IPCC. It is split into |
''Climate Change 1995'' was finished in ], and is the second assessment of the IPCC. It is split into four parts: | ||
| * A synthesis to help interpret UNFCCC article 2. | |||
| * ''The Science of Climate Change'' | |||
| * ''Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change'' | |||
| * ''Economic and Social Dimensions of Climate Change''. | |||
| Each of the last three parts was completed by a seperate working party, and each has a Policymakers' Summary that represents a consensus of national representatives. | |||
Revision as of 12:50, 6 February 2003
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its aims are threefold:
- assess scientific information on climate change
- assess the impacts of climate change
- formulate response strategies
It is led by government scientists, but also involves several hundred academic scientists and researchers. The IPCC monitors the available information about climate change and global warming and has published four major reports reviewing the latest climate science.
Robert Watson headed the IPCC until being voted out in May 2002.
Publications
The IPCC first assessment report was completed in 1990, and served as the basis of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Climate Change 1995
Climate Change 1995 was finished in 1996, and is the second assessment of the IPCC. It is split into four parts:
- A synthesis to help interpret UNFCCC article 2.
- The Science of Climate Change
- Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change
- Economic and Social Dimensions of Climate Change.
Each of the last three parts was completed by a seperate working party, and each has a Policymakers' Summary that represents a consensus of national representatives. Read the Full Report
The policymakers' summary of the report on the science of climate change stated:
- Greenhouse gas concentrations have continued to increase
- Anthropogenic aerosols tend to produce negative radiative forcings
- Climate has changed over the past century
- The balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate
- Climate is expected to continue to change in the future
- There are still many uncertainties
Debate over Climate Change 1995
Politicians such as Bill Clinton and Al Gore have endorsed the report, saying that "the science is settled". The report formed the basis of negotiations over the Kyoto Protocol.
Dr. Frederick Seitz, president emeritus of Rockefeller University and past president of the National Academy of Sciences, has publicly denounced the IPCC report, writing "I have never witnessed a more disturbing corruption of the peer-review process than the events that led to this IPCC report."
A December 20, 1995, Reuters report quoted British scientist Keith Shine, one of IPCC's lead authors, discussing the Policymakers’ Summary. He said: "We produce a draft, and then the policymakers go through it line by line and change the way it is presented.... It's peculiar that they have the final say in what goes into a scientists' report."
The Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEPP) conducted a survey of IPCC scientific contributors and reviewers and found that about half did not support the Policymakers' Summary. Parallel surveys by the Gallup organization and even by Greenpeace International produced similar results.