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| {{Infobox military conflict | {{Infobox military conflict | ||
| |conflict= |
|conflict=7th military expedition: Safwān | ||
| |date=Rabī‘ al-Awwal, 2 AH<ref>Saifur Raḥmān al-Mubārakpuri, Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, p128</ref> (March/?December, 623 CE) | |||
| |date= March 623, 2 AH | |||
| |place= |
|place=Safawān | ||
| |result= |
|result=Failed chase, enemy escapes.<ref name="Al-Mubarakpuri 2002">{{citation|title=When the Moon Split|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xJL6gxPUV4EC&pg=PA147&dq=the+first+sariyya#v=onepage&q=the%20first%20sariyya&f=false| first=Saifur Rahman |last=Al-Mubarakpuri |year=2002|publisher=DarusSalam|pages=147}}</ref><ref name="Strauch 2006 400">{{citation|title=Biography of the Prophet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=i8bbHTcRV5kC&pg=PA400|first=Sameh|last=Strauch|year=2006|publisher=Darussalam Publications|isbn=978-9960-9803-2-4|page=400}}</ref> | ||
| |combatant1=] of ] | |combatant1=]s of ] | ||
| |combatant2=] of ] | |combatant2=] of ] | ||
| |commander1=] | |commander1=] | ||
| |commander2= |
|commander2=Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihrī | ||
| |strength1=70<ref name="Al-Mubarakpuri 2002"/> | |strength1=70<ref name="Al-Mubarakpuri 2002"/> | ||
| |strength2= |
|strength2=Unknown | ||
| |casualties1=None | |||
| |casualties2=None | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| {{Campaignbox Campaigns of Muhammad}} | {{Campaignbox Campaigns of Muhammad}} | ||
| The '''Invasion of Safwān or Safawān''' was the 7th military expedition and the 4th ‘Ghazwah’ (in which ] himself was the commander) occurring a few days after the ]<ref>Guillaume, p286</ref><ref>Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, Translated by Professor Trevor Le Gassick, volume 2, p240</ref> in the month of Rabī‘ al-Awwal in 2 ] of the Islamic calendar<ref>Saifur Raḥmān al-Mubārakpuri, Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, p128</ref>. | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| It is also known as the '''Preliminary Badr Invasion''' (بدر الولى غزوة) since this was the first raid of Badr.<ref>{{citation|title=The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA245 | first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|isbn=978-9960-899-55-8|page=245}}</ref> | |||
| == Location == | |||
| Safwān (سفوان) is a valley located in the neighborhood of ] southeast to ]. | |||
| == Background == | |||
| The leaders of Quraysh were agitated by the gradual strengthening of the Muslim alliances. In their series of attempts to wipe out the Muslims, they sent a small raiding party under the leadership of ] who decided to make a guerrilla attack in the outskirts of Madinah. ] in 8 AH.]<ref>Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣābah</ref> | |||
| == Description == | |||
| ⚫ | Muḥammad stayed only a few nights, less than ten, in Madīnah when he came back from aI-'Ushayrah expedition<ref>Guillaume, p286</ref>. The expedition was ordered by Muḥammad after he received intelligence that Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihri, who was yet to accept Islam at that time, at the head of a small group of polytheists raided the pastures of Madīnah in the darkness of night, rustled & looted some grazing cattle belonging to Muslims and swiftly fled before dawn broke out. Next morning, the Prophet immediately directed about 70 Muslims, who went out in search of him until he reached a valley called Safawān, at the outskirts of Badr. But Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihrī managed to escape and he could not overtake him.<ref name="Al-Mubarakpuri 2002"/><ref name="Strauch 2006 400"/><ref name=hawarey>{{cite book|last=Hawarey|first=|title=The Journey of Prophecy; Days of Peace and War (Arabic)|url=http://www.islamic-book.net/ar/Rihlat-Alnobowwah.htm|publisher=Islamic Book Trust |year=2010}}Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation available </ref> | ||
| ] stated, "His banner, which was white in color, was entrusted to ] to carry." | |||
| Both ] and al-Wāqidī related that the Prophet had left ] in command of Madīnah during his absence.<ref>Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, Translated by Professor Trevor Le Gassick, volume 2, p240</ref><ref> Saifur Raḥmān al-Mubārakpuri, Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, p128</ref><ref> Muḥammad ibn Sa‘d, aṭ-Ṭabaqāt, volume 2, p9</ref> | |||
| Then the apostle returned to Madīnah and stayed there for the rest of Jumāda'l Ākhirah, Rajab, and Sha'bān. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 12:07, 24 February 2014
| 7th military expedition: Safwān | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Muslims of Medina | Quraish of Mecca | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Muḥammad | Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihrī | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 70 | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| None | None | ||||||
| Campaigns of Muhammad | |
|---|---|
| Further information: Military career of Muhammad |
The Invasion of Safwān or Safawān was the 7th military expedition and the 4th ‘Ghazwah’ (in which Muḥammad himself was the commander) occurring a few days after the Invasion of Dhil ‘Ushayrah in the month of Rabī‘ al-Awwal in 2 AH of the Islamic calendar. It is also known as the Preliminary Badr Invasion (بدر الولى غزوة) since this was the first raid of Badr.
Location
Safwān (سفوان) is a valley located in the neighborhood of Badr southeast to Madīnah.
Background
The leaders of Quraysh were agitated by the gradual strengthening of the Muslim alliances. In their series of attempts to wipe out the Muslims, they sent a small raiding party under the leadership of Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihrī who decided to make a guerrilla attack in the outskirts of Madinah.
Description
Muḥammad stayed only a few nights, less than ten, in Madīnah when he came back from aI-'Ushayrah expedition. The expedition was ordered by Muḥammad after he received intelligence that Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihri, who was yet to accept Islam at that time, at the head of a small group of polytheists raided the pastures of Madīnah in the darkness of night, rustled & looted some grazing cattle belonging to Muslims and swiftly fled before dawn broke out. Next morning, the Prophet immediately directed about 70 Muslims, who went out in search of him until he reached a valley called Safawān, at the outskirts of Badr. But Kurz ibn Jābir al-Fihrī managed to escape and he could not overtake him.
Al-Wāqidī stated, "His banner, which was white in color, was entrusted to 'Alī ibn Abū Ṭālib to carry." Both Ibn Hishām and al-Wāqidī related that the Prophet had left Zayd ibn Ḥārithah al-Kalbī in command of Madīnah during his absence.
Then the apostle returned to Madīnah and stayed there for the rest of Jumāda'l Ākhirah, Rajab, and Sha'bān.
See also
Notes
- Saifur Raḥmān al-Mubārakpuri, Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, p128
- ^ Al-Mubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman (2002), When the Moon Split, DarusSalam, p. 147
- ^ Strauch, Sameh (2006), Biography of the Prophet, Darussalam Publications, p. 400, ISBN 978-9960-9803-2-4
- Guillaume, p286
- Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, Translated by Professor Trevor Le Gassick, volume 2, p240
- Saifur Raḥmān al-Mubārakpuri, Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, p128
- Mubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman Al (2005), The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet, Darussalam Publications, p. 245, ISBN 978-9960-899-55-8
- Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣābah
- Guillaume, p286
- Hawarey, Dr. Mosab (2010). The Journey of Prophecy; Days of Peace and War (Arabic). Islamic Book Trust.
{{cite book}}: External link in|first= - Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, Translated by Professor Trevor Le Gassick, volume 2, p240
- Saifur Raḥmān al-Mubārakpuri, Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm, p128
- Muḥammad ibn Sa‘d, aṭ-Ṭabaqāt, volume 2, p9
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