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| The '''Dahiya doctrine''' is an Israeli doctrine of military strategy pertaining to ] in an urban setting, in in which the army deliberately targets civilian infrastructure, as a means of inducing suffering for the civilian population, thereby establishing deterrence.<ref name="UN">United Nations General Assembly, , 25-09-2010</ref> Employed by the ], the doctrine is named after a ] stronghold in Beirut with large apartment buildings which were flattened by the IDF during the ].<ref name="FinallyRealizes"> The Dahiya strategy, according to IDF Northern Command Chief Gadi Eisenkot. Interview in Yedioth Ahronoth. 10.06.08.</ref> | The '''Dahiya doctrine''' is an Israeli doctrine of military strategy pertaining to ] in an urban setting, in in which the army deliberately targets civilian infrastructure, as a means of inducing suffering for the civilian population, thereby establishing deterrence.<ref name="UN">United Nations General Assembly, , 25-09-2010</ref> Employed by the ], the doctrine is named after a ] stronghold in Beirut with large apartment buildings which were flattened by the IDF during the ].<ref name="FinallyRealizes"> The Dahiya strategy, according to IDF Northern Command Chief Gadi Eisenkot. Interview in Yedioth Ahronoth. 10.06.08.</ref> | ||
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The Dahiya doctrine is an Israeli doctrine of military strategy pertaining to asymmetric warfare in an urban setting, in in which the army deliberately targets civilian infrastructure, as a means of inducing suffering for the civilian population, thereby establishing deterrence. Employed by the Israel Defense Forces, the doctrine is named after a Hizbullah stronghold in Beirut with large apartment buildings which were flattened by the IDF during the 2006 Lebanon War.
The first public announcement of the doctrine was made by General Gadi Eizenkot, commander of the IDF's northern front, in October 2008. He said that what happened in the Dahiya (also transliterated as Dahiyeh and Dahieh) quarter of Beirut in 2006 would, "happen in every village from which shots were fired in the direction of Israel. We will wield disproportionate power against and cause immense damage and destruction. From our perspective, these are military bases. This isn't a suggestion. Its a plan that has already been authorized. Harming the population is the only means of restraining Nasrallah."
The doctrine is defined in a 2009 report by the Public Committee Against Torture in Israel as follows: "The military approach expressed in the Dahiye Doctrine deals with asymmetrical combat against an enemy that is not a regular army and is embedded within civilian population; its objective is to avoid a protracted guerilla war. According to this approach Israel has to employ tremendous force disproportionate to the magnitude of the enemy’s actions." The report further argues that the doctrine was fully implemented during Operation Cast Lead.
Noting that Dahiya was the Shiite quarter in Beirut that was razed by the IAF during the Second Lebanon War, Israeli journalist Yaron London wrote in 2008 that the doctrine, "will become entrenched in our security discourse."
The 2009 Goldstone Report makes several references to the Dahiya doctrine, calling it a concept which requires the application of "widespread destruction as a means of deterrence" and which involves "the application of disproportionate force and the causing of great damage and destruction to civilian property and infrastructure, and suffering to civilian populations." The Fact Finding Mission which submitted the Report concluded that the doctrine had been put into practice during Operation Cast Lead.
Critics have argued that the Dahiya Doctrine falls under the definition of terrorism. For example, according to Princeton University professor of International Law, Richard Falk, under the doctrine, "the civilian infrastructure of adversaries such as Hamas or Hezbollah are treated as permissible military targets, which is not only an overt violation of the most elementary norms of the law of war and of universal morality, but an avowal of a doctrine of violence that needs to be called by its proper name: STATE TERRORISM."
See also
- Gadi Eizenkot
- Dahieh
- Counter-terrorism
- Counter-insurgency
- State Terrorism
- Fourth generation warfare
- Arab-Israeli conflict
References
- ^ United Nations General Assembly, Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict, 25-09-2010
- ^ "The Dahiya Strategy: Israel finally realizes that Arabs should be accountable for their leaders’ acts" The Dahiya strategy, according to IDF Northern Command Chief Gadi Eisenkot. Interview in Yedioth Ahronoth. 10.06.08.
- David Hirst (2010). Beware of small states: Lebanon, battleground of the Middle East. Nation Books. p. 396. ISBN 1568584229, 9781568584225.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - "Israel warns Hizbullah war would invite destruction". Yedioth Ahronoth. Reuters. 10 March 2008.
IDF Northern Command chief says in any future war Israel would use 'disproportionate' force on Lebanese villages from which Hizbullah will fire rockets at its cities. 'From our standpoint, these are not civilian villages, they are military bases,' Maj.-Gen. Eisenkot tells Yedioth Ahronoth
- "No Second Thoughts" The Public Committee Against Torture in Israel
- http://richardfalk.wordpress.com/2011/01/07/israel%E2%80%99s-israeli-violence-against-separation-wall-protests-along-the-road-of-state-terrorism/