| Revision as of 10:29, 7 July 2008 editVitalfranz (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users508 edits →Systematics: reference← Previous edit | Revision as of 10:34, 7 July 2008 edit undoVitalfranz (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users508 edits →Systematics: referenceNext edit → | ||
| Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
| * ] Mulsant, 1839 | * ] Mulsant, 1839 | ||
| In the past, the Vesperini has been placed within ], the Anoplodermatini within ] and the Philini a mysterious group related to the ]<ref>GAHAN C. J., 1906 - Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera Cerambycidae I - Today & Tomorrow‘s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, 329 pp.</ref>. Some peculiar larval characteristics of ''Vesperus'' has prompted some authorities to separate them as a ] and later as a distinct family. In 1997 Švácha, Wang & Chen recognised the morphological similarities among these three groups in the larval stadia.<ref>ŠVÁCHA P., WANG J. J. & CHEN S. C. (1997) Larval morphology and biology of Philus antennatus and Heterophilus punctulatus, and systematic position of the Philinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Vesperidae). Annales de la Societé entomologique de France (N. S.) 33 (3): 323-369.</ref> More recently, analyses on chromosomes has also evidenced strong differences with respect to Cerambycidae.<ref>DUTRILLAUX A. M., MOULIN S. & DUTRILLAUX B. (2007) Presence d’un caryotype tres original a 53-54 chromosomes chez ''Vesperus xatarti'' Mulsant 1839 (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae :Vesperinae). Annales de la Societé entomologique de France (N. S.) 43 (1): 81-86. Available in PDF </ref> No Vesperinae are present in the ] or in the ]. | In the past, the Vesperini has been placed within ], the Anoplodermatini within ]<ref>LAMEERE A., 1913 - Cerambycidae: Prioninae - Coleopterorum Catalogus 52, S. Schenkling, Berlin, 108 pp.</ref> and the Philini a mysterious group related to the ]<ref>GAHAN C. J., 1906 - Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera Cerambycidae I - Today & Tomorrow‘s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, 329 pp.</ref>. Some peculiar larval characteristics of ''Vesperus'' has prompted some authorities to separate them as a ] and later as a distinct family. In 1997 Švácha, Wang & Chen recognised the morphological similarities among these three groups in the larval stadia.<ref>ŠVÁCHA P., WANG J. J. & CHEN S. C. (1997) Larval morphology and biology of Philus antennatus and Heterophilus punctulatus, and systematic position of the Philinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Vesperidae). Annales de la Societé entomologique de France (N. S.) 33 (3): 323-369.</ref> More recently, analyses on chromosomes has also evidenced strong differences with respect to Cerambycidae.<ref>DUTRILLAUX A. M., MOULIN S. & DUTRILLAUX B. (2007) Presence d’un caryotype tres original a 53-54 chromosomes chez ''Vesperus xatarti'' Mulsant 1839 (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae :Vesperinae). Annales de la Societé entomologique de France (N. S.) 43 (1): 81-86. Available in PDF </ref> No Vesperinae are present in the ] or in the ]. | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 10:34, 7 July 2008
| Vesperidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Vesperus strepens (Fabricius, 1792) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Superfamily: | Chrysomeloidea |
| Family: | Vesperidae Mulsant, 1839 |
| Subfamilies | |
The Vesperidae are a small family of beetles, normally classified within the family Cerambycidae, of heterogeneous aspect but all characterised by larval stages related to roots of herbaceous plants or trees
Morphology
Adult
The nocturnal adults are characterised by earthy brown-testaceous colours, brachypterous wings or apterous (especially in females) and physogastry in females. Some tropical genera (Pathocerus) have comb-like antennae, some other (Hypocephalus) extremely reduced antennae. Some genera, such as the Brazilian Migdolus have well developed mandibles, such as the males of the cerambycids Parandra and Spondylis, while others, such as the males of the genus Hypocephalus, have extremely modified mandibles.
Larva
The larvae have evolved some adaptations to subterranean life. In particular, the Mediterranean genus Vesperus have larvae characterised by a peculiar larval hypermetamorphosis. The larvae I have a normal worm-like aspect (though characterised by abnormally long setae), while those of following stadia have a C-shaped aspect, which makes them similar to the larvae of Melolonthinae.
Systematics
The family includes 3 subfamilies:
- Anoplodermatinae Guérin-Méneville, 1840
- Philinae J.Thomson, 1860
- Vesperinae Mulsant, 1839
In the past, the Vesperini has been placed within Lepturinae, the Anoplodermatini within Prioninae and the Philini a mysterious group related to the Prioninae. Some peculiar larval characteristics of Vesperus has prompted some authorities to separate them as a subfamily and later as a distinct family. In 1997 Švácha, Wang & Chen recognised the morphological similarities among these three groups in the larval stadia. More recently, analyses on chromosomes has also evidenced strong differences with respect to Cerambycidae. No Vesperinae are present in the British Islands or in the United States.
References
- LAMEERE A., 1913 - Cerambycidae: Prioninae - Coleopterorum Catalogus 52, S. Schenkling, Berlin, 108 pp.
- GAHAN C. J., 1906 - Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera Cerambycidae I - Today & Tomorrow‘s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, 329 pp.
- ŠVÁCHA P., WANG J. J. & CHEN S. C. (1997) Larval morphology and biology of Philus antennatus and Heterophilus punctulatus, and systematic position of the Philinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Vesperidae). Annales de la Societé entomologique de France (N. S.) 33 (3): 323-369.
- DUTRILLAUX A. M., MOULIN S. & DUTRILLAUX B. (2007) Presence d’un caryotype tres original a 53-54 chromosomes chez Vesperus xatarti Mulsant 1839 (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae :Vesperinae). Annales de la Societé entomologique de France (N. S.) 43 (1): 81-86. Available in PDF