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Spratly Islands
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Spratly Islands dispute Territorial disputes in the South China Sea Philippines and the Spratly Islands Dangerous Ground (South China Sea) Great Wall of Sand History of the Spratly Islands List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands List of airports in the Spratly Islands Vietnamese DK1 rigs Royal Malaysian Navy Offshore Bases Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads Free Territory of Freedomland
Confrontations
Southwest Cay incident (1975) East Sea Campaign (1975) Johnson South Reef skirmish (1988)
Military occupations
Occupied by Brunei Louisa Reef-Semarang Barat Kecil Reef Occupied by China (PRC) Cuarteron Reef, Huayang Reef Fiery Cross Reef, Yongshu Reef Gaven Reefs, Nanxun Reef and Xinan Reef Hughes Reef, Dongmen Reef Johnson South Reef, Chigua Reef Mischief Reef, Meiji Reef Subi Reef, Zhubi Reef Occupied by Malaysia Ardasier Reef, Ubi Reef Dallas Reef, Laya Reef Erica Reef, Siput Reef Investigator Shoal, Peninjau Shoal Mariveles Reef, Mantanani Reef Swallow Reef, Layang-Layang Island Occupied by the Philippines Commodore Reef, Rizal Reef Flat Island, Patag Island Irving Reef, Balagtas Reef Lankiam Cay, Panata Island Loaita Cay, Melchora Aquino Island Loaita Island, Kota Island Nanshan Island, Lawak Island Northeast Cay, Parola Island Second Thomas Shoal, Ayungin Shoal Thitu Island, Pagasa Island West York Island, Likas Island Occupied by Taiwan (ROC) Centre Cay, Zhongzhou Reef Itu Aba Island, Taiping Island Occupied by Vietnam Amboyna Cay, An Bang Island Bombay Castle, Ba Ke Collins Reef, Co Lin Reef Cornwallis South Reef, Nui Le Reef Ladd Reef, Lat Reef Namyit Island, Nam Yet Island Sand Cay, Son Ca Island Sin Cowe Island, Sinh Ton Island Southwest Cay, Song Tu Tay Island Spratly Island, Truong Sa Island Unoccupied Half Moon Shoal Luconia Shoals Northeast Investigator Shoal Royal Captain Shoal Sabina Shoal Western Reef Whitsun Reef
v t e

The Kingdom of Humanity, surrounded by the Humanity Sea, a micronation, was a kingdom in the Spratly Islands established in 1878 by British captain James George Meads, who proclaimed himself King James I. Offered as a home for the poor and oppressed of Europe, at the time of King James' death in 1888 the kingdom had around 2,000 residents.

King James was succeeded by his son King George I, who negotiated diplomatic ties with larger powers. He was able to secure defensive support from England with the 1893 Treaty of Southwark, in exchange for berthing privileges at the kingdom's ports.

King Franklin I succeeded after King George's death in 1914. During his reign, the kingdom's flag was designed, a university was established, and the population of the kingdom grew to 7,000.

Although peaceable, the kingdom was often threatened by pirates. The valuable islands were later occupied by French troops in 1933, and by Japanese forces in 1939.

With the Japanese invasion, King Franklin was forced to leave to Australia. The remaining soldiers were executed, and Itu Aba became a submarine base. The anniversary of the invasion was later remembered in the public holiday called Martyr's Day.

King Franklin was eventually succeeded by his grandson Morton F. Meads (his son Josiah died of malaria before his coronation). Meads found it necessary to buy back some of the kingdom's territory, which had been sold by an Indian sultan named Songhrati.

In 1963, the Kingdom of Humanity merged with another micronation, the Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads.

Other micronations claimed in the Spratly & Paracel Islands

• Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads

Further reading

• Marwyn S. Samuels, Contest for the South China Sea. (1982)
• Samuel Pyeatt Menefee, "Republics of the Reefs":|Nation-Building on the Continental Shelf and in the World's Oceans, California Western International Law Journal, vol. 25, no. 1, Fall, 1994, pp. 83-85.
• A History of the Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads
• KoH flag at FOTW.net

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