| Revision as of 07:57, 14 April 2007 editFlammingo (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users2,870 edits ref← Previous edit | Revision as of 08:08, 14 April 2007 edit undoFlammingo (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users2,870 edits globalNext edit → | ||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
| <br> | <br> | ||
| * The ] lasted from the end of the ] to the end of the ], circa ] to ].<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> | * The ] lasted from the end of the ] to the end of the ], circa ] to ].<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> | ||
| * Modern Times are the following period; the term "Late Modern" is not being used in English, albeit in other languages. | * Modern Times are the following period until today; the term "Late Modern" is not being used in English, albeit in other languages. | ||
| * ] and ], on the other hand, describes large-scale developments of '']'' (including ] and ]), not political, social, or series of events. | * ] and ], on the other hand, describes large-scale developments of '']'' (including ] and ]), not political, social, or series of events since either the ] or the ]. | ||
| *] is a theory to apply the art movement term of postmodernism (below) to social and cultural history. The ] "post-" implies a reaction to modernity and in that sense does not cover all ].<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> | |||
| The similar terms ''Modern Period'', ''~ Age'', or ''~ Era'', are also commonly (and synonymously) used. "Modern Times" and "Early Modern Times" refers to political or religious events like the English, the industrial, the American, and the French revolutions, while ] refers to the development of concepts like ] and revolutions in the ways of thinking like ], democratic participation and ]. Still, both terms might often be used ]ously. | The similar terms ''Modern Period'', ''~ Age'', or ''~ Era'', are also commonly (and synonymously) used. "Modern Times" and "Early Modern Times" refers to political or religious events like the English, the industrial, the American, and the French revolutions, while ] refers to the development of concepts like ] and revolutions in the ways of thinking like ], democratic participation and ]. Still, both terms might often be used ]ously. | ||
| Line 10: | Line 11: | ||
| The ]an ] (about 1420-1630) is an important transition period beginning between the ] and Early Modern Times. | The ]an ] (about 1420-1630) is an important transition period beginning between the ] and Early Modern Times. | ||
| "]", on the other hand, would describe rather a movement in ] than a period of history, and is usually applied to arts, but not to any events of the very recent history.<ref>http://m-w.com/dictionary/postmodern</ref> | "]", coined ],<!--m-w.com, see below, don't {{fact}}this--> on the other hand, would describe rather a movement in ] than a period of history, and is usually applied to arts, but not to any events of the very recent history.<ref>http://m-w.com/dictionary/postmodern</ref> | ||
| It is important to note that these terms stem from European History; in the universal usage, as in China, India and Islam, the terms are applied in a very different way, but often in the context with their contact with European culture in the ].<ref>http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/islamic_medical/islamic_14.html</ref> | |||
| == Characteristics == | == Characteristics == | ||
Revision as of 08:08, 14 April 2007
For other uses, see Modern era (disambiguation).The term Modern Times is used by historians to describe the period of time immediately following what is known as the Early Modern Times. It is to be distinguished from the term Modernity.
- The Early Modern Times lasted from the end of the 15th century to the end of the 18th century, circa 1450 to 1750.
- Modern Times are the following period until today; the term "Late Modern" is not being used in English, albeit in other languages.
- Modernity and modernism, on the other hand, describes large-scale developments of society (including literature and philosophy), not political, social, or series of events since either the fin de siècle or the First World War.
- Postmodernity is a theory to apply the art movement term of postmodernism (below) to social and cultural history. The prefix "post-" implies a reaction to modernity and in that sense does not cover all contemporary history.
The similar terms Modern Period, ~ Age, or ~ Era, are also commonly (and synonymously) used. "Modern Times" and "Early Modern Times" refers to political or religious events like the English, the industrial, the American, and the French revolutions, while Modernity refers to the development of concepts like industrialisation and revolutions in the ways of thinking like individualism, democratic participation and nationalism. Still, both terms might often be used synonymously.
The European Renaissance (about 1420-1630) is an important transition period beginning between the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times.
"Postmodernism", coined 1949, on the other hand, would describe rather a movement in art than a period of history, and is usually applied to arts, but not to any events of the very recent history.
It is important to note that these terms stem from European History; in the universal usage, as in China, India and Islam, the terms are applied in a very different way, but often in the context with their contact with European culture in the Age of Discoveries.
Characteristics
The concept of the modern world is distinct from an ancient or mediaeval world rests on a sense that the modern world is not just another era in history, but rather the result of a new type of change. This is usually conceived of as progress driven by deliberate human efforts to better their situation.
Advances in all areas of human activity -- politics, industry, society, economics, commerce, transport, communication, mechanization, automation, science, medicine, technology and culture -- appear to have transformed an Old World into the Modern or New World. In each case, the identification of a Revolutionary change can be used to demarcate the old and old-fashioned from the modern.
Much of the Modern world replaced the Biblically-oriented value system, revalued the monarchical government system, and abolished the feudal economic system, with new democratic and liberal ideas in the areas of politics, science, psychology, sociology, and economics.
Events of Modern Times
Some events, though born out of context not entirely new, show a new way of perceiving the world. The concept of modernity interprets the general meaning of these events and seeks explanations for major developments; Historians analyse the events taking place in Modern Times, ie. since the so-called "Middle Ages" (that take their name from being in the middle between Modern and Ancient Times).
Events of Early Modern Times (15th to 18th century)
- Discovery of America (1492): Age of Discovery.
- Gutenberg's moveable type printing press (1450s): information age and newspapers.
Within the Early Modern Age, some events shaped the world immensely:
- Martin Luther challenges the Church on 31 October 1517 with the 95 Theses: Reformation.
- Fall of the Spanish Armada 8 August 1588 enabled the Rise of the British Empire
- Thirty Years' War 1618-1648 in Central Europe decimated about 20% of the population.
- The treaties of the Peace of Westphalia are signed in 1648, which ended several wars in Europe and established the beginning of sovereign states.
- Treaty of Utrecht marked the change from Spanish to British naval supremacy.
- Louis XIV, "roi de soleil".
Events of Late Modern Times (18th to 21st century)
- Inventions of the Steam Engine (1764) and Spinning Jenny (1769) (one of the peak events influencing Romanticism.
- Rejection of monarchy and absolutism: Declaration of Independence by the British Colonies in America, then USA, 1776, influencing the French Revolution of 1789
- Storm on the Bastille 1789
- Napoleon defeated by the alliance of many nations in the Peoples' Battle of Leipzig 1813
- First World War
- Second World War
- Cold War
See also
References
- Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Encyclopaedia Britannica
- http://m-w.com/dictionary/postmodern
- http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/islamic_medical/islamic_14.html