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| * ] – ]: Pope ] arranges a peace treaty between King ] ('''the Fair'''), ] ('''the Lame'''), and ]. James returns ] to the ], seeking to bring peace between the ] and the ]; the effort is in vain.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 151. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref> Boniface is determined to put an end to the ], because he wants to declare a new Crusade for the reconquest of the ].<ref>Housley, Norman (1982). ''The Italian Crusades: The Papal-Angevin Alliance and the Crusades against Christian Lay Powers, 1254–1343'', p. 93. Clarendon Press. {{ISBN|0-19-821925-3}}.</ref> | * ] – ]: Pope ] arranges a peace treaty between King ] ('''the Fair'''), ] ('''the Lame'''), and ]. James returns ] to the ], seeking to bring peace between the ] and the ]; the effort is in vain.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 151. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref> Boniface is determined to put an end to the ], because he wants to declare a new Crusade for the reconquest of the ].<ref>Housley, Norman (1982). ''The Italian Crusades: The Papal-Angevin Alliance and the Crusades against Christian Lay Powers, 1254–1343'', p. 93. Clarendon Press. {{ISBN|0-19-821925-3}}.</ref> | ||
| * ] – ] is crowned king of ] at ], the first coronation of a Polish ruler in 219 years. Przemysł travels to ] where he confirms the privileges of the monasteries in ] and ]. He also visits other major cities: ], ] and ]. In August, Przemysł returns to ] but in October he travels again to Gdańsk.<ref>Brzezinski, Richard (1998). ''History of Poland – Poland Divided'', p. 23. {{ISBN|83-7212-019-6}}.</ref> | * ] – ] is crowned king of ] at ], the first coronation of a Polish ruler in 219 years. Przemysł travels to ] where he confirms the privileges of the monasteries in ] and ]. He also visits other major cities: ], ] and ]. In August, Przemysł returns to ] but in October he travels again to Gdańsk.<ref>Brzezinski, Richard (1998). ''History of Poland – Poland Divided'', p. 23. {{ISBN|83-7212-019-6}}.</ref> | ||
| * ] – The first treaty forming the ] ("Old Alliance"), between ] and ] against ], is signed in ]. The treaty is signed King ] and Philip IV ('''the Fair''').<ref>Armstrong, Pete (2003). Osprey: ''Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98'', p. 15. {{ISBN|1-84176-510-4}}.</ref> | * ] – The first treaty forming the ] ("Old Alliance"), between ] and ] against ], is signed in ]. The treaty is signed by King ] and Philip IV ('''the Fair''').<ref>Armstrong, Pete (2003). Osprey: ''Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98'', p. 15. {{ISBN|1-84176-510-4}}.</ref> | ||
| ==== England ==== | ==== England ==== | ||
| * ] – ]: English forces led by ] defeat the Welsh rebels (some 700 men), near the modern-day town of ], in ]. In a night attack on the Welsh infantry, William uses cavalry to drive them into compact formations, which are then shot up by his archers. ], proclaimed "]", and the remnants of his army are routed and retreat across the ], in which many drown.<ref>Jones, Craig Owen (2008). ''Compact History of Welsh Heroes: The Revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn'', p. 166. Publisher: Llygad Gwalch Cyf. {{ISBN|9781845240752}}.</ref> | * ] – ]: English forces led by ] defeat the Welsh rebels (some 700 men), near the modern-day town of ], in ]. In a night attack on the Welsh infantry, William uses cavalry to drive them into compact formations, which are then shot up by his archers. ], proclaimed "]", and the remnants of his army are routed and retreat across the ], in which many drown.<ref>Jones, Craig Owen (2008). ''Compact History of Welsh Heroes: The Revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn'', p. 166. Publisher: Llygad Gwalch Cyf. {{ISBN|9781845240752}}.</ref> | ||
| * ] – King ] ('''Longshanks''') summons the ] to ], the composition of which serves as a model for later parliaments. The parliament agrees that a tax can be raised to allow him to launch campaigns against France and the rebellious Scots for the forthcoming year.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/150|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=}}</ref> | * ] – King ] ('''Longshanks''') summons the ] to ], the composition of which serves as a model for later parliaments. The parliament agrees that a tax can be raised to allow him to launch campaigns against France and the rebellious Scots for the forthcoming year.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/150|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=}}</ref> | ||
| ==== Asia ==== | |||
| ⚫ | * ] – Mongol leader ] is executed after a 7-month reign at ]. He is succeeded by ], who becomes ruler of the ]. He converts to ], ending a line of ] leaders. | ||
| === Date unknown === | === Date unknown === | ||
| ⚫ | * ] leader ] converts to Islam, ending a line of ] leaders. | ||
| * ] of the ] in ] abdicates; ] succeeds him. | * ] of the ] in ] abdicates; ] succeeds him. | ||
| * ] returns to ], from his travels to ]. | * ] returns to ], from his travels to ]. | ||
Revision as of 20:00, 30 August 2022
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1295 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1295 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1295 MCCXCV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2048 |
| Armenian calendar | 744 ԹՎ ՉԽԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6045 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1216–1217 |
| Bengali calendar | 701–702 |
| Berber calendar | 2245 |
| English Regnal year | 23 Edw. 1 – 24 Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1839 |
| Burmese calendar | 657 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6803–6804 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲午年 (Wood Horse) 3992 or 3785 — to — 乙未年 (Wood Goat) 3993 or 3786 |
| Coptic calendar | 1011–1012 |
| Discordian calendar | 2461 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1287–1288 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5055–5056 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1351–1352 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1216–1217 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4395–4396 |
| Holocene calendar | 11295 |
| Igbo calendar | 295–296 |
| Iranian calendar | 673–674 |
| Islamic calendar | 694–695 |
| Japanese calendar | Einin 3 (永仁３年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1206–1207 |
| Julian calendar | 1295 MCCXCV |
| Korean calendar | 3628 |
| Minguo calendar | 617 before ROC 民前617年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −173 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1837–1838 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳木马年 (male Wood-Horse) 1421 or 1040 or 268 — to — 阴木羊年 (female Wood-Goat) 1422 or 1041 or 269 |
Year 1295 (MCCXCV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- June 20 – Treaty of Anagni: Pope Boniface VIII arranges a peace treaty between King Philip IV (the Fair), Charles II (the Lame), and James II. James returns Sicily to the Papal States, seeking to bring peace between the House of Anjou and the Kingdom of Sicily; the effort is in vain. Boniface is determined to put an end to the War of the Sicilian Vespers, because he wants to declare a new Crusade for the reconquest of the Holy Land.
- June 26 – Przemysł II is crowned king of Poland at Gniezno, the first coronation of a Polish ruler in 219 years. Przemysł travels to Pomerelia where he confirms the privileges of the monasteries in Oliwa and Żarnowiec. He also visits other major cities: Gdańsk, Tczew and Świecie. In August, Przemysł returns to Greater Poland but in October he travels again to Gdańsk.
- October 23 – The first treaty forming the Auld Alliance ("Old Alliance"), between Scotland and France against England, is signed in Paris. The treaty is signed by King John Balliol and Philip IV (the Fair).
England
- March 5 – Battle of Maes Moydog: English forces led by William de Beauchamp defeat the Welsh rebels (some 700 men), near the modern-day town of Llanfair Caereinion, in Wales. In a night attack on the Welsh infantry, William uses cavalry to drive them into compact formations, which are then shot up by his archers. Madog ap Llywelyn, proclaimed "Prince of Wales", and the remnants of his army are routed and retreat across the Banwy River, in which many drown.
- November 13 – King Edward I (Longshanks) summons the Model Parliament to Westminster, the composition of which serves as a model for later parliaments. The parliament agrees that a tax can be raised to allow him to launch campaigns against France and the rebellious Scots for the forthcoming year.
Asia
- October 4 – Mongol leader Baydu Khan is executed after a 7-month reign at Tabriz. He is succeeded by Ghazan Khan, who becomes ruler of the Ilkhanate. He converts to Islam, ending a line of Tantric Buddhist leaders.
Date unknown
- Jayavarman VIII of the Khmer Empire in Cambodia abdicates; Srindravarman succeeds him.
- Marco Polo returns to Venice, from his travels to China.
- Philip IV of France and Pope Boniface VIII begin having disagreements.
- Construction begins on Beaumaris Castle in Anglesey, the last of the ring of castles built by Edward I of England, to subdue Wales.
Births
- September 16 – Elizabeth de Clare, English noblewoman (d. 1360)
- date unknown
- Isabella of France, queen of England (d. 1358)
- John IV, Duke of Brittany (d. 1345)
- Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1350)
- Jean Buridan, French philosopher (d. 1363)
- probable
- Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham (d. 1361)
- Joanna of Flanders, military leader in the War of the Breton Succession (approximate date; d. 1374)
- Nicephorus Gregoras, Byzantine historian (approximate date; d. 1360)
- Saint Roch, French saint (approximate date; d. 1327)
Deaths
- April 25 – King Sancho IV of Castile (b. 1257)
- August 12 – Charles Martel of Anjou (b. 1271)
- October – Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia (b. 1238)
- December 7 – Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester, 6th Earl of Hertford, English politician (b. 1243)
- December 20 – Margaret of Provence, queen of Louis IX of France (b. c. 1221)
- date unknown – Guy of Charpigny
- date unknown – Padishah Khatun, Mongolian poet, sovereign queen of Kirman (1291-95)
References
- Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 151. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Housley, Norman (1982). The Italian Crusades: The Papal-Angevin Alliance and the Crusades against Christian Lay Powers, 1254–1343, p. 93. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-821925-3.
- Brzezinski, Richard (1998). History of Poland – Poland Divided, p. 23. ISBN 83-7212-019-6.
- Armstrong, Pete (2003). Osprey: Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98, p. 15. ISBN 1-84176-510-4.
- Jones, Craig Owen (2008). Compact History of Welsh Heroes: The Revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn, p. 166. Publisher: Llygad Gwalch Cyf. ISBN 9781845240752.
- Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 150–152. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- "Welcome to Beaumaris". Retrieved November 8, 2010.
- Prestes, Maria Elice de Brzezinski; Silva, Cibelle Celestino (2018). Teaching Science with Context: Historical, Philosophical, and Sociological Approaches. Springer. p. 344. ISBN 9783319740362.