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| The Prussian Homage was donated by Matejko to the nation (technically, to the city of ]<ref name="Dabrowski"/>) during the meeting of the ] in ] (today's Lviv) on 7 October 1882,<ref name="Wawel"/> to initiate the collection designed to revive the remodeling of the ].<ref name="Dabrowski"/> It was then exhibited in Kraków, ] and ], as well as in ], ], ], and most notably in ] and ],<ref name=Dabrowski/> returning to Kraków in 1885. The Royal Wawel Castle at that time was occupied by the ], as Kraków was part of the ] of Poland, and it was decided then that the painting would be temporarily exhibited in the ] Museum.<ref name="International Cultural Centre Cracow"/> | The Prussian Homage was donated by Matejko to the nation (technically, to the city of ]<ref name="Dabrowski"/>) during the meeting of the ] in ] (today's Lviv) on 7 October 1882,<ref name="Wawel"/> to initiate the collection designed to revive the remodeling of the ].<ref name="Dabrowski"/> It was then exhibited in Kraków, ] and ], as well as in ], ], ], and most notably in ] and ],<ref name=Dabrowski/> returning to Kraków in 1885. The Royal Wawel Castle at that time was occupied by the ], as Kraków was part of the ] of Poland, and it was decided then that the painting would be temporarily exhibited in the ] Museum.<ref name="International Cultural Centre Cracow"/> | ||
| The pro-Polish and anti-Prussian character of the painting caused ] to object to a proposal about rewarding Matejko; it was the time that Prussia would engage heavily ].<ref name=mr/> During World War II, in ], this painting, together with the ''] on the ], was one of the two paintings on the "most wanted" list by the ]s, who engaged in a systematic action of ].<ref name=mr/> It was, fortunately, hidden and safeguarded through the course of the war.<ref name=mr/> | The pro-Polish and anti-Prussian character of the painting caused ] to object to a proposal about rewarding Matejko; it was the time that Prussia would engage heavily ].<ref name=mr/> During World War II, in ], this painting, together with the ''] on the ], was one of the two paintings on the "most wanted" list by the ]s, who engaged in a systematic action of ].<ref name=mr/><ref name="Moran2008"><ref name="Krakowie2004"/> It was, fortunately, hidden and safeguarded through the course of the war (in the town of ]).<ref name=mr/><ref name="Moran2008"><ref name="Krakowie2004"/> | ||
| For most of the 20th and the 21st centuries the painting has been deposited in the ] gallery in the Sukiennice Museum, in Kraków,<ref name="Wawel"/> where it is usually displayed in the Prussian Homage Hall. | For most of the 20th and the 21st centuries the painting has been deposited in the ] gallery in the Sukiennice Museum, in Kraków,<ref name="Wawel"/> where it is usually displayed in the Prussian Homage Hall. | ||
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| The painting, due to its critique of Albrecht, and the portrayed event, is often seen as strongly anti-Prussian.<ref name=mr/> The painting, despite being on the surface about glory of Poland, is also critical of Poland; Matejko went beyond just portraying the glory of a historical event, he intended to show how the history would play out, and that this event was but an empty victory that did not exploited properly, failed to secure Poland's future.<ref name=mr/> Matejko knows that the homage was an empty gesture, that it was Prussia who exploited it, not Poland.<ref name=mr/> Nobody in the painting is smiling, save for one lady of the court, engaged in irrelevant gossip.<ref name=mr/> | The painting, due to its critique of Albrecht, and the portrayed event, is often seen as strongly anti-Prussian.<ref name=mr/> The painting, despite being on the surface about glory of Poland, is also critical of Poland; Matejko went beyond just portraying the glory of a historical event, he intended to show how the history would play out, and that this event was but an empty victory that did not exploited properly, failed to secure Poland's future.<ref name=mr/> Matejko knows that the homage was an empty gesture, that it was Prussia who exploited it, not Poland.<ref name=mr/> Nobody in the painting is smiling, save for one lady of the court, engaged in irrelevant gossip.<ref name=mr/> | ||
| The painting has been subject to numerous studies in the ] field, and artistic reinterprations by artists such as ].<ref name=mr/> In 1992, the '']'' group organized a historical reenacting of the painting.<ref name=mr/> | The painting has been subject to numerous studies in the ] field, and artistic reinterprations by artists such as ].<ref name=mr/><ref name="Krakowie2004"/> In 1992, the '']'' group organized a historical reenacting of the painting.<ref name=mr/> | ||
| ==Historical characters in the painting== | ==Historical characters in the painting== | ||
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| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist|refs= | {{reflist|refs= | ||
| <ref name="Krakowie2004">{{cite book|author=Międzynarodowe Centrum Kultury w Krakowie|title=International Cultural Centre Cracow|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9JIjAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=14 September 2011|date=1 January 2004|publisher=International Cultural Centre|page-59}}</ref> | |||
| <ref name="Moran2008">{{cite book|author=Michael Moran|title=A Country in the Moon: Travels in Search of the Heart of Poland|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tq0jAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=14 September 2011|date=15 May 2008|publisher=Granta Books|isbn=978-1-84708-001-1|page=269}}</ref> | |||
| <ref name="Nowacki">{{cite book|last=Kazimierz Nowacki|first=Halina Blak|title=Remek dela poljskog slikarstva XIX veka iz zbirki Narodnog muzeja u Krakovu|year=1987|publisher=Narodni muzej|location=Beograd|OCLC=22946857|pages=28}}</ref> | <ref name="Nowacki">{{cite book|last=Kazimierz Nowacki|first=Halina Blak|title=Remek dela poljskog slikarstva XIX veka iz zbirki Narodnog muzeja u Krakovu|year=1987|publisher=Narodni muzej|location=Beograd|OCLC=22946857|pages=28}}</ref> | ||
| Line 94: | Line 98: | ||
| <ref name="Janczyk">{{cite web|last=Janczyk|first=Agnieszka|title=The Prussian Homage|url=http://www.wawel.krakow.pl/en/index.php?op=19|work=Painting|publisher=Zamek Królewski na Wavelu|accessdate=29 August 2011}}</ref> | <ref name="Janczyk">{{cite web|last=Janczyk|first=Agnieszka|title=The Prussian Homage|url=http://www.wawel.krakow.pl/en/index.php?op=19|work=Painting|publisher=Zamek Królewski na Wavelu|accessdate=29 August 2011}}</ref> | ||
| <ref name= |
<ref name=mr>{{pl icon}} Marek Rezler, . Interklasa: polski portal edukacyjny</ref> | ||
| <ref name="Poland and Germany to look back on over 1000 years of shared history in new exhibition">{{cite news|last=Rozpedzik|first=Stanislaw|title=Poland and Germany to look back on over 1000 years of shared history in new exhibition|url=http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=50147|accessdate=1 September 2011|newspaper=Artdaily|date=30 August 2011}}</ref> | <ref name="Poland and Germany to look back on over 1000 years of shared history in new exhibition">{{cite news|last=Rozpedzik|first=Stanislaw|title=Poland and Germany to look back on over 1000 years of shared history in new exhibition|url=http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=50147|accessdate=1 September 2011|newspaper=Artdaily|date=30 August 2011}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 16:56, 14 September 2011
| Prussian Homage | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Artist | Jan Matejko |
| Year | 1879-1882 (1879-1882) |
| Type | Oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 388 cm × 785 cm (152.75 in × 309.05 in) |
| Location | Sukiennice Museum, Kraków |
| Coordinates | 50°03′36″N 19°55′26″E / 50.06000°N 19.92389°E / 50.06000; 19.92389 |
| Owner | Kraków National Museum |
The Prussian Homage (Template:Lang-pl) is an oil on canvas painting by Polish painter Jan Matejko painted between 1879 and 1882 in Kraków, Poland. It depicts a tribute made by Albrecht Hohenzollern, the Duke of Prussia, to King Sigismund I the Old in the Kraków market square on 10 April 1525; the key political event of the time of Polish Renaissance is know as the Prussian Homage. Matejko began to paint it on the Christmas Eve of 1879 and finished it in 1882. It is regarded as a historical painting which shows the triumphal past of Poland, the glory of its culture and the justice of its kings. At the same time, the paintings has some darker undertones, reflecting the troubled times that would befall Poland (in the late 18th century, Kingdom of Prussia would become one of the partitioning powers that ended the independence of Poland). Matejko, who lived during the time of partitions, created his paintings to remind others about history of the non-existing country he loved, and changing fates of history.
History
Donation of the painting
The Prussian Homage was donated by Matejko to the nation (technically, to the city of Kraków) during the meeting of the Diet of Galicia in Lwów (today's Lviv) on 7 October 1882, to initiate the collection designed to revive the remodeling of the Wawel Castle. It was then exhibited in Kraków, Lviv and Warsaw, as well as in Berlin, Paris, Budapest, and most notably in Rome and Vienna, returning to Kraków in 1885. The Royal Wawel Castle at that time was occupied by the Austrian army, as Kraków was part of the Austrian partition of Poland, and it was decided then that the painting would be temporarily exhibited in the Sukiennice Museum.
The pro-Polish and anti-Prussian character of the painting caused William I, German Emperor to object to a proposal about rewarding Matejko; it was the time that Prussia would engage heavily in an attempt to replace Polish culture on its new territories with a German one. During World War II, in occupied Poland, this painting, together with the Matejko's painting on the battle of Grunwald, was one of the two paintings on the "most wanted" list by the Nazis, who engaged in a systematic action of trying to physically destroy all artifacts of Polish culture.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).
}}
- Attribution
- This article is based on the corresponding article of the Polish Misplaced Pages. A list of contributors can be found there at the History section.
Further reading
- Halina Blak, Stanislaw Grodziski, Prussian Homage, painting by Jan Matejko, Literary Publishing. Kraków (1990)
- Halina Blak, The Prussian Homage by Jan Matejko. Warsaw (1977)
External links
Media related to Prussian Homage at Wikimedia Commons
- ^ Welcome. "Prussian Homage at Wawel Castle". Welcome.com. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
- ^ Janczyk, Agnieszka. "The Prussian Homage". Painting. Zamek Królewski na Wavelu. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
- ^ Template:Pl icon Marek Rezler, Z Matejką przez polskie dzieje: Hołd pruski. Interklasa: polski portal edukacyjny
- ^ Dabrowski, Patrice M. (2004). Commemorations and the shaping of modern Poland. Indiana University Press. pp. 59–79. ISBN 0253344298.
- ^ Museum, Wawel. "Temporary exhibitions (archives)". "The Prussian Homage. Matejko for Wawel – Wawel for Matejko". Wavel Krakow.pl. Retrieved 11 September 2011.. The Polish version of the article explains that the legislature of the question was the Sejm Krajowy, i.e. the Diet of Galicia.
- ^ Międzynarodowe Centrum Kultury w Krakowie (2004). International Cultural Centre Cracow. International Cultural Centre. p. 59.
- Michael Moran (15 May 2008). A Country in the Moon: Travels in Search of the Heart of Poland. Granta Books. p. 269. ISBN 978-1-84708-001-1. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
- Kazimierz Nowacki, Halina Blak (1987). Remek dela poljskog slikarstva XIX veka iz zbirki Narodnog muzeja u Krakovu. Beograd: Narodni muzej. p. 28. OCLC 22946857.
- Krupski, Adelina. "Wawel Royal Castle presents exciting plans for 2008-2009". Krakow Post. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
- Jerzy Lukowski, Hubert Zawadzki (2001). A concise history of Poland. Cambridge University Press. p. 59. ISBN 0521559170.
- Rozpedzik, Stanislaw (30 August 2011). "Poland and Germany to look back on over 1000 years of shared history in new exhibition". Artdaily. Retrieved 1 September 2011.