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| Torontál county was formed before the 15th century. The county was taken by the ] in the 16th century, and was included into the Ottoman ]. After the ] was captured by the ] in 1718, the area of the county was included into the ], a separate Habsburg province. This province was abolished in 1778, and the area of the county was incorporated into the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. | Torontál county was formed before the 15th century. The county was taken by the ] in the 16th century, and was included into the Ottoman ]. After the ] was captured by the ] in 1718, the area of the county was included into the ], a separate Habsburg province. This province was abolished in 1778, and the area of the county was incorporated into the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. | ||
| ]]] | ]]] | ||
| In 1848/1849 the area of the county was part of ], while between 1849 and 1860 it was part of ], a separate ] province. The Torontál county was re-established in the 1860s, when the area was incorporated into the ]. | In 1848/1849 the area of the county was part of ], while between 1849 and 1860 it was part of ], a separate ] province. The Torontál county was re-established in the 1860s, when the area was incorporated into the ]. | ||
Revision as of 16:59, 3 October 2009
| Torontál County | |
|---|---|
| County of the Kingdom of Hungary | |
| 15th century–1920 | |
Coat of arms
| |
 | |
| Capital | Nagybecskerek |
| Area | |
| • 1910 | 10,016 km (3,867 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • 1910 | 615,200 |
| History | |
| • Established | 15th century |
| • Treaty of Trianon | 4 June 1920 |
| Today part of | Serbia, Romania, Hungary |
| Veliki Bečkerek is the current name of the capital. | |
Torontál (Hungarian: Torontál, Serbian: Torontal or Торонтал, Romanian: Torontal) is the name of administrative county (comitatus) of the historic Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in northern Serbia (eastern Vojvodina, except the small part near Belgrade, which is part of Central Serbia), western Romania and southern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagybecskerek (Serbian: Veliki Bečkerek, German: Großbetschkerek, Romanian: Bechicherecu Mare), the current Zrenjanin.
Geography
Torontál county was located in the Banat region. It shared borders with the Kingdom of Serbia and the Hungarian counties Szerém, Bács-Bodrog, Csongrád, Csanád, Arad and Temes (the first county was part of Croatia-Slavonia). The river Danube formed its southern border, the river Tisza its western border, and the river Maros its northern border. Its area was 10,042 km² around 1910.
History
Torontál county was formed before the 15th century. The county was taken by the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century, and was included into the Ottoman Province of Temeşvar. After the Banat was captured by the Habsburg Monarchy in 1718, the area of the county was included into the Banat of Temeswar, a separate Habsburg province. This province was abolished in 1778, and the area of the county was incorporated into the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary.
In 1848/1849 the area of the county was part of Serbian Voivodship, while between 1849 and 1860 it was part of Voivodship of Serbia and Tamiš Banat, a separate Habsburg province. The Torontál county was re-established in the 1860s, when the area was incorporated into the Kingdom of Hungary.
In 1918, the county first became part of the newly formed Banat Republic, and then part of the also newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. By the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, the area of the county was divided between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Romania, and Hungary. Most of the county was assigned to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (which later became Yugoslavia). The north-eastern part of the county was assigned to Romania, and the northernmost part of the county (a small area south of Szeged) was assigned to Hungary and became part of the new county Csanád-Arad-Torontál.
The Yugoslav part of the pre-1918 Torontál county (the western Banat region) is presently part of Serbia (mostly in the autonomous region of Vojvodina, except the small part near Belgrade, which is part of Central Serbia). The Romanian part is now part of Timiş county. The Hungarian part is now part of Csongrád county.
Demographics
According to the census of 1910, the county had 615,151 inhabitants.
Population by language (1910 census):
- Serbian = 199,750 (32.47%)
- German = 165,779 (26.95%)
- Hungarian = 128,405 (20.87%)
- Romanian = 86,937 (14.13%)
- Slovak = 16,143
- Croatian = 4,203
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Torontál county were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | District Seat |
| Alibunári járás | Alibunár (Serbian: Alibunar), today in Serbia |
| Antalfalvai járás | Antalfalva (Serbian: Kovačica), today in Serbia |
| Bánlaki járás | Bánlak (Romanian: Banloc), today in Romania |
| Csenei járás | Csene (Romanian: Cenei), today in Romania |
| Módosi járás | Módos (Serbian: Modoš), today in Serbia |
| Nagybecskereki járás | Nagybecskerek (Serbian: Veliki Bečkerek), today in Serbia |
| Nagykikindai járás | Nagykikinda (Serbian: Velika Kikinda), today in Serbia |
| Nagyszentmiklósi járás | Nagyszentmiklós (Romanian: Sânnicolau Mare), today in Romania |
| Pancsovai járás | Pancsova (Serbian: Pančevo), today in Serbia |
| Párdányi járás | Párdány (Serbian: Pardanj), today in Serbia |
| Perjámosi járás | Perjámos (Romanian: Periam), today in Romania |
| Törökbecsei járás | Törökbecse (Serbian: Novi Bečej), today in Serbia |
| Törökkanizsai járás | Törökkanizsa (Serbian: Novi Kneževac), today in Serbia |
| Zsombolyai járás | Zsombolya (Romanian: Jimbolia), today in Romania |
| Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város) | |
| Pancsova (Serbian: Pančevo), today in Serbia | |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Nagybecskerek (Serbian: Veliki Bečkerek), today in Serbia | |
| Nagykikinda (Serbian: Velika Kikinda), today in Serbia | |
