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{{Short description|Performing arts company related to the Falun Gong}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}} | |||
{{about|the dance company|the subway station|Shenyun station}} | |||
{{Chinese|t=神韻藝術團|s=神韵艺术团|p=Shényùn Yìshù Tuán|mi={{IPAc-cmn|sh|en|2|yün|4|-|yi|4|sh|u|4|-|t|uan|2}}| | |||
{{pp-protected|small=yes}} | |||
pic=logo-shenyun.png|picsize=120px| | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}{{Infobox company | |||
piccap=Company logo }} | |||
| name = Shen Yun Performing Arts | |||
| logo = Logo-shenyun.svg | |||
| type = ] ] | |||
| foundation = {{start date and age|2006|8|16}} | |||
| founder = Practitioners of ] | |||
| location_city = ], U.S. | |||
| area_served = International | |||
| key_people = | |||
| industry = Dance, symphony orchestra | |||
| products = | |||
| revenue = | |||
| divisions = New York Company, International Company, Touring Company, World Company | |||
| subsid = | |||
| homepage = {{Official URL}} | |||
}}{{Infobox Chinese | |||
| pic = | |||
| piccap = | |||
| t = 神韻藝術團 | |||
| s = 神韵艺术团 | |||
| l = "] rhythm arts troupe" | |||
| p = Shényùn yìshù tuán | |||
| w = Shen{{sup|2}}-yün{{sup|4}} i{{sup|4}}-shu{{sup|4}} t'uan{{sup|2}} | |||
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|sh|en|2|.|yu|n|4|-|yi|4|.|sh|u|4|-|t|uan|2}} | |||
| poj = Sîn-ūn gē-su̍t thôan | |||
| j = San{{sup|4}} wan{{sup|6}} ngai{{sup|6}} seot{{sup|6}} tyun{{sup|4}} | |||
| y = Sàhn wahn ngaih seuht tyùhn | |||
| phfs = Sṳ̀n-yun Ngi-su̍t-thòn | |||
| tl = Sîn-ūn gē-su̍t thuân | |||
| buc = Sìng-ông ngiê-sŭk tuàng | |||
}} | |||
'''Shen Yun Performing Arts''' ({{zh|t=神韻藝術團|l=] rhythm arts troupe}}) is a non-profit performing arts and entertainment company based in the United States which tours internationally, producing performances which include dance and symphonic music.<ref name="JUNKER-99" /><ref>{{Cite web | |||
|last1=Tigas | |||
|first1=Mike | |||
|last2=Wei | |||
|first2= Sisi | |||
|last3=Schwencke | |||
|first3=Ken | |||
|last4=Roberts | |||
|first4=Brandon | |||
|last5=Glassford | |||
|first5=Alec | |||
|date=9 May 2013 | |||
|title=Shen Yun Performing Arts Inc - Nonprofit Explorer |url=https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/208812402 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227060126/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/208812402 |archive-date=27 February 2020 |access-date=2020-05-26 |website=] |language=en}}</ref> It is operated by the ] ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last1=Zadrosny|first1=Brandy|last2=Collins|first2=Ben|date=August 20, 2019|title=Trump, QAnon and an impending judgment day: Behind the Facebook-fueled rise of The Epoch Times|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/trump-qanon-impending-judgment-day-behind-facebook-fueled-rise-epoch-n1044121|access-date=2022-01-14|website=]|language=en|archive-date=7 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807013813/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/trump-qanon-impending-judgment-day-behind-facebook-fueled-rise-epoch-n1044121|url-status=live}}</ref> Shen Yun is composed of eight large performing ensembles,<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=StackCommerce |date=2022-12-20 |title=Shen Yun Performing Arts: An American Success Story Inspires Growing Companies |url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/growing-a-business/shen-yun-performing-arts-an-american-success-story/441252 |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en}}</ref> with a total of approximately 480 performers.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shen Yun Performing Arts at Queen Elizabeth Theatre|url=http://www.queenelizabeththeatre.org/shen-yun-performing-arts/|access-date=23 May 2020|website=Queen Elizabeth Theatre Canada|archive-date=29 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929200200/http://www.queenelizabeththeatre.org/shen-yun-performing-arts/|url-status=live}}</ref> Shen Yun has performed in front of millions<ref name=NYTimesHodara>{{Cite news|last=Hodara|first=Susan|title=5,000 Years of Chinese Music and Dance, in One Night|date=13 August 2010|language=en-US|newspaper=]|issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/15/nyregion/15dancewe.html|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202192818/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/15/nyregion/15dancewe.html|archive-date=2 February 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> and has toured more than 200 cities across Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia.<ref name=":4"/><ref name=NYTimesHodara/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shen Yun 2020|url=https://fox40.com/studio-40/shen-yun-2020/|date=2019-11-22|website=FOX40|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-23|archive-date=2 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202192816/https://fox40.com/studio-40/shen-yun-2020/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Shen Yun was founded in 2006 by Chinese expatriate adherents of Falun Gong, and is based at the ] compound in ], near where the group's leader ] and his followers reside.<ref name="sfgate">{{Cite web |last=Hunt |first=Mary Ellen |date=4 January 2009 |title=Chinese New Year Spectacular in S.F., Cupertino |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/01/04/PKC014SEDQ.DTL |access-date=4 September 2009 |work=]}}</ref><ref name="denverpost">{{Cite web |last=Wenzel |first=John |date=1 October 2007 |title=Chinese New Year embracing tradition |url=http://www.denverpost.com/entertainment_old/ci_7925231 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113102251/http://www.denverpost.com/entertainment_old/ci_7925231 |archive-date=13 January 2008 |access-date=5 September 2009 |work=]}}</ref><ref name="JUNKER-99-101">{{cite book |last=Junker |first=Andrew |date=2019 |title=Becoming Activists in Global China: Social Movements in the Chinese Diaspora |pages=99–101 |publisher=] |isbn=9781108655897}}</ref> Falun Gong adherents pay to rent the performance venue, promote the show, and sell tickets. After expenses are covered through ticket sales, proceeds go to Shen Yun.<ref name="JUNKER-99">{{cite book |last=Junker |first=Andrew |date=2019 |title=Becoming Activists in Global China: Social Movements in the Chinese Diaspora |page=99 |publisher=] |isbn=9781108655897}}</ref> The finances of Shen Yun and Falun Gong appear to be linked, with technically separate corporations sharing funds, executives and the same mission.<ref name=":1" /> Li Hongzhi describes the Shen Yun performance as a means of "saving" audiences.<ref name="JUNKER-99"/> | |||
'''Shen Yun Performing Arts''', formerly known as '''Divine Performing Arts''', is a performing arts and entertainment company based in New York.<ref name="mission">{{Cite web| url=http://shenyunperformingarts.org/mission | accessdate=15 November 2009 | title=Mission }} The Mission statement of Shen Yun Performing Arts</ref> It performs classical Chinese dance, ethnic and folk dance, and story-based dance,<ref name="pnwi" /> with orchestral accompaniment and solo performers. | |||
Shen Yun's performances have been described as promoting ] doctrines and negative views of ] and ].<ref name="newyorker_2019-03-19">{{cite magazine |last1=Tolentino |first1=Jia |author-link=Jia Tolentino |date=2019-03-19 |title=Stepping into the Uncanny, Unsettling World of Shen Yun |url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/stepping-into-the-uncanny-unsettling-world-of-shen-yun |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824041619/https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/stepping-into-the-uncanny-unsettling-world-of-shen-yun |archive-date=24 August 2019 |access-date=20 March 2019 |magazine=]}}</ref> The group is promoted by ''],'' a far-right media outlet affiliated with Falun Gong.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Dowd |first=Katie |date=2021-01-04 |title=Epoch Times, one of Trump's favorite 'news' sources, is linked to Shen Yun |url=https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/what-is-Epoch-Times-Falun-Gong-15839640.php |access-date=2023-07-09 |website=] |language=en-US |archive-date=9 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709215502/https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/what-is-Epoch-Times-Falun-Gong-15839640.php |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, an ] assessment concluded that the Epoch Media Group and Shen Yun "make up the outreach effort of Falun Gong".<ref name=":1" /> The ] bars Shen Yun from performing in China, as it considers Falun Gong to be an "anti-society cult" and has attempted to cancel its performances abroad by pressuring theaters and governments.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New York dance troupe says China banned shows over Falun Gong links|website=] |date=6 May 2016 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/06/shen-yun-dance-troupe-falun-gong-china-cancelled-performances}}</ref><ref name="BRASLOW-2020" /> | |||
Founded in 2006, Shen Yun is associated with the ] (Falun Dafa) spiritual practice,<ref name="sfgate">{{Cite web | |||
| url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/01/04/PKC014SEDQ.DTL | |||
|work=San Francisco Chronicle | |||
| last=Hunt | |||
| first=Mary Ellen | |||
| date=4 January 2009 | |||
| accessdate=4 September 2009 | |||
| title=Chinese New Year Spectacular in S.F., Cupertino}}</ref><ref name="denverpost">{{Cite web | |||
| url=http://www.denverpost.com/entertainment_old/ci_7925231 | |||
| work=The Denver Post | |||
| first=John | |||
| last=Wenzel | |||
| date=1 October 2007 | |||
| accessdate=5 September 2009 | |||
| title=Chinese New Year embracing tradition }}</ref> and performances around the world are hosted by local Falun Dafa Associations. The group is composed of three performing arts companies: The New York Company, The Touring Company, and the International Company, with of a total of over 200 performers. For seven months a year, Shen Yun Performing Arts tours to over 130 cities across Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia.<ref name=NYTimesHodara/> The show's acts and production staff are trained at Shen Yun’s headquarters in Cuddebackville, in ].<ref name=NYTimesHodara/> | |||
Shen Yun has received both favourable and negative reviews for the artistry of it performances, and the inclusion of political and religious content—such as acts which depict the ] in China—has been referred to as "weird" and "propaganda as entertainment" from critics. The performances have also allegedly faced interference from the Chinese government due to its affiliation to Falun Gong. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Shen Yun was founded in 2006 in New York by expatriate Chinese Falun Gong practitioners<ref name="Wright"/> living in North America. The company’s first tour took place in 2007, when the company comprised 90 dancers, musicians, soloists and production staff.<ref name=About/><ref name=hudsonreporter>Adriana Rambay Fernandez, , Hudson Reporter, 22 Jan 2012.</ref> Shen Yun states that its underlying mission is to "revive the essence of 5000 years of Chinese culture", which it asserts to have been nearly demolished by the ].<ref></ref> Initially the shows were titled "Chinese Spectacular",<ref name="sfgate"/><ref name="denverpost"/> "Holiday Wonders",<ref>{{Cite web | |||
In 2006, a group of expatriate Chinese ] practitioners living in North America founded Shen Yun in New York.<ref name="Wright">{{Cite news|url=https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2011/12/22/shen-yun-returns/|title=Shen Yun returns|author=Wright, E. Assata|date=22 December 2011|access-date=22 February 2020|publisher=]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222063003/https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2011/12/22/shen-yun-returns/|archive-date=22 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> The stated purpose of the company was to revive Chinese culture and traditions from the time before the ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Shen Yun Performing Arts to Return to Lincoln Center, 1/10-19 |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwdance/article/Shen-Yun-Performing-Arts-to-Return-to-Lincoln-Center-110-19-20131114 |website=broadwayworld |access-date=22 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412130303/https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwdance/article/Shen-Yun-Performing-Arts-to-Return-to-Lincoln-Center-110-19-20131114 |archive-date=12 April 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wenzel |first1=John |title=Chinese New Year embracing tradition |url=https://www.denverpost.com/2008/01/09/chinese-new-year-embracing-tradition/ |website=The Denver Post |date=9 January 2008 |access-date=22 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220164452/https://www.denverpost.com/2008/01/09/chinese-new-year-embracing-tradition/ |archive-date=20 December 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a journal article analyzing Falun Gong’s geopolitics, scholar Weihsuan Lin wrote: "Shen Yun’s ‘reviving five thousand years of civilization’ attempts to question and separate the entanglement between the Party and the State; it enacts, globally, an alternative geopolitical discourse in which a culturally rich and prosperous China without the ] existed in the past and is coming again in the near future."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lin |first=Weihsuan |date=2022-03-15 |title=A China without the Chinese Communist Party: The Geopolitics of the Falun Gong |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14650045.2020.1787383 |journal=Geopolitics |language=en |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=501–525 |doi=10.1080/14650045.2020.1787383 |issn=1465-0045 |archive-date=17 March 2024 |access-date=17 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317230450/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14650045.2020.1787383 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| url=http://broadwayworld.com/article/Holiday_Wonders_Chinese_Meets_West_Extravaganza_20071115 | |||
| work=Broadway World | |||
In 2007, the company conducted its first tour with 90 dancers, musicians, soloists, and production staff.<ref name="hudsonreporter">Adriana Rambay Fernandez, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214190917/http://hudsonreporter.com/view/full_story/17252040/article-Dancing-around-the-world-Local-teen-performs-in-classical-Chinese-dance-company-?instance=secondary_stories_left_column |date=14 December 2013 }}, Hudson Reporter, 22 January 2012.</ref> Early shows were titled "Chinese Spectacular",<ref name="sfgate" /><ref name="denverpost" /> "Holiday Wonders",<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://broadwayworld.com/article/Holiday_Wonders_Chinese_Meets_West_Extravaganza_20071115|work=Broadway World|first=Beau|last=Higgins|date=15 November 2007|access-date=2009-09-05|title='Holiday Wonders' Chinese Meets West Extravaganza}}</ref> "] Splendor", and "Divine Performing Arts", but now the company performs exclusively under the name "Shen Yun". By 2009, Shen Yun had developed three full companies and orchestras that toured the world simultaneously. By the end of the 2010 season, approximately one million people had seen the troupes perform.<ref name="NYTimesHodara" /> | |||
| first=Beau | |||
| last=Higgins | |||
] interview being conducted inside the ] in Cleveland, Ohio, during a Shen Yun performance. The television broadcaster is affiliated with Falun Gong.]] | |||
| date=15 November 2007 | |||
| accessdate=5 September 2009 | |||
Shen Yun, the media organization ''The Epoch Times'', and a variety of other organizations operate as extensions of Falun Gong. Los Angeles–based investigative reporter Samuel Braslow described Shen Yun's background in March 2020: "Both Shen Yun and ''Epoch Times'' are funded and operated by members of Falun Gong, a controversial spiritual group that was banned by China's government in 1999{{nbsp}} Falun Gong melds traditional ] principles with occasionally bizarre pronouncements from its Chinese-born founder and leader, Li Hongzhi. Among other pronouncements, Li has claimed that aliens started invading human minds in the beginning of the 20th century, leading to mass corruption and the invention of computers. He has also denounced feminism and homosexuality and claimed he can walk through walls and levitate. But the central tenet of the group's wide-ranging belief system is its fierce opposition to ]. In 2000, Li founded ''Epoch Times'' to disseminate Falun Gong talking points to American readers. Six years later he launched Shen Yun as another vehicle to promote his teachings to mainstream Western audiences. Over the years Shen Yun and ''Epoch Times'', while nominally separate organizations, have operated in tandem in Falun Gong's ongoing PR campaign against the Chinese government, taking directions from Li."<ref name="BRASLOW-2020">{{cite magazine |last=Braslow |first=Samuel |date=March 2020 |title=Inside the Shadowy World of Shen Yun and Its Secret Pro-Trump Ties |magazine=] |url=https://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/shen-yun-trump/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526081806/https://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/shen-yun-trump/ |archive-date=May 26, 2020 |access-date=July 1, 2023}}</ref> Editor Chris Jennewein of MyNewsLA wrote that '']'' was sued for ] in May 2020 by the ''Epoch Times'', referring to Braslow's news report.<ref name="JENNEWEIN-2023">{{cite news |last=Jennewein |first=Chris |url=https://mynewsla.com/crime/2020/05/26/epoch-times-files-slander-suit-against-los-angeles-magazine/ |title=Epoch Times Files Slander Suit Against Los Angeles Magazine |date=May 26, 2020 |newspaper=MyNewsLA |access-date=October 22, 2023 |archive-date=28 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028164528/https://mynewsla.com/crime/2020/05/26/epoch-times-files-slander-suit-against-los-angeles-magazine/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Los Angeles Magazine'' pulled the piece from their website in July, as ordered by federal judge ], and published a retraction notice in the September 2020 issue of the magazine.<ref name="MYNEWSLA-2020">{{cite news |url=https://mynewsla.com/crime/2020/07/20/judge-orders-los-angeles-magazine-to-remove-article-from-website/ |title=Judge Orders Los Angeles Magazine to Remove Article from Website |date=July 20, 2020 |newspaper=MyNewsLA |access-date=October 22, 2023}}</ref><ref name="LOSANGELESMAGAZINE">{{cite book |title="Corrections" |date=September 2020 |publisher=Los Angeles Magazine |page=10 |url=https://issuu.com/lamcs/docs/lam_0920 |access-date=23 October 2023 |archive-date=27 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027170107/https://issuu.com/lamcs/docs/lam_0920 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| title='Holiday Wonders' Chinese Meets West Extravaganza }}</ref> Chinese New Year Splendor, and "Divine Performing Arts", but now the company performs under the name "Shen Yun." As of 2009, Shen Yun had expanded to three full companies and orchestras that tour the world simultaneously.<ref name=About>Shen Yun Performing Arts </ref> Every year, the three full companies of Shen Yun tour simultaneously. By the end of the 2010 season, approximately one million people had seen the troupe perform.<ref name=NYTimesHodara/> | |||
==Marketing== | |||
Shen Yun promotes itself as "a presentation of traditional Chinese culture as it once was: a study in grace, wisdom, and virtues distilled from five millennia of Chinese civilization". The company is described in promotions as reviving ] following a period of assault and destruction under the ] (CCP). | |||
Shen Yun is heavily promoted in major cities with commercials, billboards, and brochures displayed in the streets and in businesses, as well as in television and radio profiles. According to ] of '']'', "The ads have to be both ubiquitous and devoid of content so that they can convince more than a million people to pay good money to watch what is, essentially, religious-political ]—or, more generously, an extremely elaborate commercial for Falun Dafa’s spiritual teachings and its plight vis-à-vis the Chinese Communist regime."<ref name="newyorker_2019-03-19" /> | |||
Shen Yun performances are often presented or sponsored by regional Falun Gong groups,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-28 |title=Persecuted religious group sponsors Shen Yun |url=https://www.times-herald.com/faith/persecuted-religious-group-sponsors-shen-yun/article_ed02cc06-0469-59fb-924e-d7bc438d9424.html |access-date= |website=The Newnan Times-Herald |language=en |archive-date=17 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117024214/https://www.times-herald.com/faith/persecuted-religious-group-sponsors-shen-yun/article_ed02cc06-0469-59fb-924e-d7bc438d9424.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shen Yun |url=https://www.kennedy-center.org/whats-on/explore-by-genre/dance/2023-2024/shen-yun/ |access-date= |website=The Kennedy Center |language=en |archive-date=25 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125025802/https://www.kennedy-center.org/whats-on/explore-by-genre/dance/2023-2024/shen-yun/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which has been labeled a "cult" and ].<ref name="Wright" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pomfret |first=John |date=November 12, 1999 |title=Cracks in China's Crackdown |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/1999-11/12/062r-111299-idx.html |access-date=2024-03-02 |newspaper=The Washington Post |archive-date=14 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214030203/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/1999-11/12/062r-111299-idx.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Some audience members have objected to the show's promotion strategy, which does not note the religious- and political-themed content of the performance.<ref name="nyt">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/06/nyregion/06splendor.html?_r=1&oref=slogin|title=A Glimpse of Chinese Culture That Some Find Hard to Watch|last=Konigsberg|first=Eric|date=6 February 2008|newspaper=]|access-date=23 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122212413/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/06/nyregion/06splendor.html?_r=1&oref=slogin|archive-date=22 January 2017|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.buffalonews.com/song__dance_spectacular_not_exactly_what_it_seems.html|title=Song & dance spectacular not exactly what it seems|last=Dabkowski|first=Colin|date=30 May 2010|work=Buffalo News|access-date=21 June 2010}}</ref><ref name="AJC">{{Cite news|url=http://www.accessatlanta.com/AccessAtlanta-sharing_/many-atlantans-ok-with-277268.html|title=Many Atlantans OK with Chinese dance troupe's politics|last=Pousner|first=Howard|date=17 January 2012|access-date=23 April 2012|publisher=]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830213618/http://www.accessatlanta.com/AccessAtlanta-sharing_/many-atlantans-ok-with-277268.html|archive-date=30 August 2011}}</ref> Jim Kershner of '']'' reported that while the show contained "a religious-political message", "he vast majority of the show, however, has no overt message. It is dedicated mainly to keeping alive the traditional forms of Chinese music and dance that were suppressed during the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and in subsequent decades."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kershner |first=Jim |date=May 21, 2009 |title=Splendor of Shen Yun |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2009/may/21/splendor-of-shen-yun/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118003102/https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2009/may/21/splendor-of-shen-yun/ |archive-date=November 18, 2015 |access-date= |website=The Spokesman-Review}}</ref> '']''’s Gisela Orozco also noted that Shen Yun offered, "in a few passages, critical allusions to the communism that governs its country of origin, but without abounding on the subject."<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Orozco |first=Gisela |date=2016-03-17 |title=Shen Yun: La belleza de la cultura china |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2016/03/17/shen-yun-la-belleza-de-la-cultura-china/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327120326/https://www.chicagotribune.com/2016/03/17/shen-yun-la-belleza-de-la-cultura-china/ |archive-date=March 27, 2024 |access-date= |website=] |language=}}</ref> | |||
In 2021, the troupe began billing its shows as "China Before Communism".<ref>{{cite news | last = | first = | title =Shen Yun Performing Arts is bring its newest show to Utah | newspaper =] | location =] | pages = | language = | publisher = | date =July 6, 2021 | url =https://kutv.com/features/fresh-living/shen-yun-performing-arts-is-bring-its-newest-show-to-utah | accessdate =November 28, 2021 | archive-date =29 November 2021 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20211129081137/https://kutv.com/features/fresh-living/shen-yun-performing-arts-is-bring-its-newest-show-to-utah | url-status =live }}</ref> | |||
==Content== | ==Content== | ||
Each year, Shen Yun creates original productions lasting 2.5 hours and consisting of approximately 20 vignettes featuring classical Chinese dance and ethnic dance, as well as solo musicians and operatic singing.<ref name="concnet">{{Cite web| url=http://www.concertonet.com/scripts/review.php?ID_review=6204 | work=] | last=Sparacino | first=Micaele | date=19 January 2010 | accessdate=29 January 2010 | title=Deities, Dragons, Dancers, and Divas }}</ref><ref name=NYTimesHodara/> Before each act, bilingual MCs introduce the upcoming performance in Chinese and in local languages.<ref name=NYTimesHodara>SUSAN HODARA. . New York Times. 13 August 2010.</ref><ref name="sfbaytimes"/> | |||
===Dance=== | ===Dance=== | ||
Large-scale group dance is at the center of Shen Yun productions.<ref name="denverpost" /> Each touring company consists of about 40 male and female dancers, who mainly perform classical Chinese dances, making extensive use of acrobatic and tumbling techniques, forms and postures.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lindblom |first=Jeffrey |date=2021-07-22 |title=Rapid City hosts Shen Yun, a performance through 5,000 years of Chinese history |url=https://www.blackhillsfox.com/2021/07/22/rapid-city-hosts-shen-yun-performance-through-5000-years-chinese-history/ |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=blackhillsfox.com |language=en |archive-date=29 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029023503/https://www.blackhillsfox.com/2021/07/22/rapid-city-hosts-shen-yun-performance-through-5000-years-chinese-history/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 4, 2015 |title=Shen Yun - 6abc Loves the Arts |url=https://6abc.com/shen-yun---6abc-loves-the-arts-long-lost-art-of-classical-chinese-dance-is-coming-to-merriam-theater/695248/ |access-date=2023-10-29 |website=6abc.com |language=en |archive-date=29 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029023455/https://6abc.com/shen-yun---6abc-loves-the-arts-long-lost-art-of-classical-chinese-dance-is-coming-to-merriam-theater/695248/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
Each touring company consists of approximately 60 male and female dancers, and large-scale group dance is at the center of Shen Yun productions.<ref name="denverpost"/> The shows mainly feature what is described on the company’s website as "classical Chinese dance" – a comprehensive dance system passed down through thousands of years and which is recognizable in part for its extensive use of acrobatic and tumbling techniques, forms and postures.<ref name=hudsonreporter/><ref>Shen Yun, </ref> | |||
Shen |
Shen Yun's repertoire draws on stories from Chinese history and legends, such as the legend of ],<ref name="pnwi">{{Cite web | url=http://www.inlander.com/content/arts_culture_shen_yun_performing_arts_inb_center/ | work=] | access-date=15 November 2009 | title=International Incident | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525173622/http://www.inlander.com/content/arts_culture_shen_yun_performing_arts_inb_center | archive-date=25 May 2009}}</ref> '']'' and '']''. It also depicts "the story of Falun Gong today".<ref name="globeandmail" /> During the 2010 production, at least two of the 16 scenes depicted "persecution and murder of Falun Gong practitioners" in contemporary China, including the beating of a young mother to death, and the jailing of a Falun Gong protester. In addition to classical ] dance, Shen Yun also includes elements of ], ], ] and ] dance. | ||
Shen Yun performs three core elements of ]: bearing (emotion, cultural and ethnic flavor), form (expressive movements and postures), and technical skill (physical techniques of jumping, flipping, and leaping).<ref name="sfgate" /> Shen Yun choreographer Vina Lee has stated that some of the distinct Chinese bearing ({{transliteration|zh|yun}}) has been "lost in the process" since the cultural changes of the Chinese Communist Revolution.<ref name="sfgate" /> | |||
Shen Yun describes classical Chinese dance as comprising three core components: bearing (yun), form, and technical skill.<ref name="sfgate"/> Technical skill describes the physical techniques of jumping, flipping, and leaping. Form encompasses the subtle expressive movements and postures that make up Chinese dance. Finally, bearing is described by Shen Yun are referring to the "inner spirit…something resembling cultural DNA or an ethnic flavor" that allows the dancer's emotional state to be conveyed.<ref>Shen Yun Performing Arts, .</ref> Because the "bearing" (yun) of classical Chinese dance is related to a society's culture, some of what makes up the distinct Chinese bearing has been "lost in the process" since the cultural changes of the Communist revolution, according to Shen Yun choreographer Vina Lee.<ref name="sfgate"/> Lee relates that dancers must "refine their moral character" in order to "convey the transcendence and spiritual realm that is the very soul of Chinese culture."<ref>Maureen Scott, , Jan 23 2012.</ref> | |||
===Music=== | ===Music=== | ||
Shen Yun dances are accompanied by |
Shen Yun dances are accompanied by Chinese instruments: the {{transliteration|zh|], ], ], ]}}, and a variety of Chinese percussion instruments. A full Western orchestra leads the melodies.<ref name="NYTimesHodara" /><ref>Elina Shatkin. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225012832/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-jan-01-et-guideevent1-story.html |date=25 December 2024 }} . ''Los Angeles Times''. 1 January 2009.</ref> There are solo performances featuring Chinese instruments such as the {{transliteration|zh|]}} in between dances.<ref name="sfgate" /><ref name="concnet">{{Cite web | url=http://www.concertonet.com/scripts/review.php?ID_review=6204 | work=concertonet.com | last=Sparacino | first=Micaele | date=19 January 2010 | access-date=29 January 2010 | title=Deities, Dragons, Dancers, and Divas | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005212312/http://concertonet.com/scripts/review.php?ID_review=6204 | archive-date=5 October 2010 | url-status=live }}</ref> Interspersed between dance sequences, other than the {{transliteration|zh|erhu}} performances, are operatic singers performing songs which sometimes invoke spiritual or religious themes, including references to the Falun Gong faith.<ref name="NYTimesHodara" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Citron|first=Paula|title=A dazzling show with a clear message|url=http://ahdu88.blogspot.ca/2008_01_01_archive.html|access-date=31 October 2012|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|date=22 January 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310023539/http://ahdu88.blogspot.ca/2008_01_01_archive.html|archive-date=10 March 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> A performance in 2007, for instance, included a reference to the ], a figure in ] who turns the wheel of ].<ref name="dctheatre">Joel Markowitz, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225072851/http://dctheatrescene.com/2007/01/28/january-pleasures/ |date=25 December 2010 }}, DC Theatre Scene, 28 January 2007.</ref> | ||
The |
The music for Shen Yun was composed by Jing Xian and Junyi Tan. Three of Shen Yun's performers—flutist Ningfang Chen, erhuist Mei Xuan and tenor ]—were recipients of the ]'s "National First Class Performer" awards. Prior to joining Shen Yun, Guan Guimin was well known in China for his work on soundtracks for more than 50 movies and television shows. Other notable performers include {{transliteration|zh|erhu}} soloist Xiaochun Qi.<ref>Robert Baxter, "New Year show, old traditions preserve Chinese culture," Courier Post, 30 December 2007.</ref> | ||
Liberty Times, 13 March 2011.</ref> Other notable performers include Erhu soloist Xiaochun Qi,<ref>Robert Baxter, "New Year show, old traditions preserve Chinese culture," Courier Post, 30 December 2007.</ref> and bassoonist Hsiao-Ch’un Wang.{{cn|date=June 2012}} | |||
===Costume and backdrops=== | ===Costume and backdrops=== | ||
] performing in 2009]] | |||
Shen Yun’s dancers perform wearing intricate costumes, often accompanied by a variety of props.<ref name=sfgate/><ref name=NYTimesHodara/> Some costumes are intended to imitate the dress various ethnicities, while other depict ancient Chinese court dancers, soldiers, or characters from classic stories.<ref name=sfgate/> Props include colorful handkerchiefs, drums,<ref name=sfgate/> fans, chopsticks, or silk scarves.<ref name=globeandmail>Paula Citron. A dazzling show with a clear message. The Globe and Mail: Arts. 22 January 2008.</ref><ref name=chicagotribune>Sid Smith, , 28 January 2008.</ref> | |||
Shen Yun's dancers perform wearing intricate costumes, often accompanied by a variety of props.<ref name="sfgate" /><ref name="NYTimesHodara" /> Some costumes are intended to imitate the dress of various ethnicities, while others depict ancient Chinese court dancers, soldiers, or characters from classic stories.<ref name="sfgate" /> Props include colorful handkerchiefs, drums,<ref name="sfgate" /> fans, ], or silk scarves.<ref name="globeandmail">Paula Citron. A dazzling show with a clear message. ''The Globe and Mail'': Arts. 22 January 2008.</ref><ref name="chicagotribune">{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Sid |date=Jan 28, 2008 |title=Women flow like water in spectacle |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2008-01-28-0801270151-story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213085222/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2008-01-28/features/0801270151_1_dance-chinese-traditional |archive-date=13 December 2013 |access-date=16 June 2023 |agency=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> | |||
Each Shen Yun piece is set against a digitally projected backdrop, usually depicting landscapes such as Mongolian grasslands, imperial courts, ancient villages, temples, or mountains.<ref name=NYTimesHodara/><ref name="sfbaytimes">{{Cite web| url=http://www.sfbaytimes.com/index.php?sec=article&article_id=5979 | work=] | last=Goodwyn | first=Albert | date=11 January 2007 | accessdate=5 September 2009 | title=Chinese New Year Spectacular }}</ref><ref>Meredith Galante. . Business Insider. 11 January 2012.</ref> Not all the backdrops are static; some contain moving elements that integrate with the performance.<ref name=chicagotribune/> | |||
Each Shen Yun piece is set against a digitally projected backdrop, usually depicting landscapes such as Mongolian grasslands, imperial courts, ancient villages, temples, or mountains.<ref name="NYTimesHodara" /><ref name="sfbaytimes">{{Cite web | url=http://www.sfbaytimes.com/index.php?sec=article&article_id=5979 | work=] | last=Goodwyn | first=Albert | date=11 January 2007 | access-date=5 September 2009 | title=Chinese New Year Spectacular | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229125437/http://www.sfbaytimes.com/index.php?sec=article&article_id=5979 | archive-date=29 February 2012 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Meredith Galante. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127222803/http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-traditional-dance-shen-yun-performing-arts-at-lincoln-center-2012-1#this-years-sets-are-3-d-adding-21st-century-technology-to-the-show-about-traditions-13 |date=27 January 2012 }}. Business Insider. 11 January 2012.</ref> Some backdrops contain moving elements, such as digital versions of the dancers, that integrate with the performance.<ref name="chicagotribune" /> | |||
==Artists== | |||
===Principal Dancers=== | |||
{{Col-begin}} | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Angelina Wang | |||
*Chelsea Cai | |||
*Gu Yun | |||
*Steven Wang | |||
*Rocky Liao | |||
*Hsiao-Hung Lin | |||
*Melody Qin | |||
*Jialin Chen | |||
*Tony Xue | |||
*Chad Chen | |||
*Nancy Wang | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Madeline Lobjois | |||
*Michelle Ren | |||
*Tim Wu | |||
*Miranda Zhou-Galati | |||
*Daoyong Zheng | |||
*William Li | |||
*] | |||
*Alison Chen | |||
*Kaidi Wu | |||
*Faustina Quach | |||
*Alvin Song | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Yungchia Chen | |||
*Golden Li | |||
*Lily Wang | |||
*Jim Chen | |||
*Rachael Bastick | |||
*Jason Shi | |||
*Orphelia Wu | |||
*Cindy Liu | |||
*Taiwei Wang | |||
*Yuxuan Liu | |||
{{Col-end}} | |||
== |
==Reviews== | ||
Sid Smith of '']'' wrote that a 2008 Shen Yun performance was "more uneven" than other cultural performances he had seen, but that the women dancers were "a beautiful and haunting ensemble" with "a nimble mastery of traditional talents."<ref name="chicagotribune" /> Sarah Crompton of '']'' wrote of a 2008 Shen Yun performance: "This show is advertised as a Chinese spectacular – a kind of Eastern version of ]. It is nothing of the kind. Acrobatics, singing and dancing skills are used in the service of a propaganda exercise on the part of Falun Gong ... But what I really object to is that such a politically motivated performance is being smuggled on to stages around Europe in the name of family entertainment."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Crompton |first=Sarah |date=February 25, 2008 |title=Shen Yun: Propaganda as entertainment |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/dance/3671451/Shen-Yun-Propaganda-as-entertainment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113152836/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/dance/3671451/Shen-Yun-Propaganda-as-entertainment.html |archive-date=January 13, 2022 |access-date=2022-02-17 |website=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> | |||
{{Col-begin}} | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Yo-yo Gan (violin) | |||
*I-Chen Huang (cello) | |||
*Yu-Chen Lin (flute) | |||
*Hui-Chih Tsai (violin) | |||
*Peng Zhang (erhu) | |||
*Miao Yin (pipa) | |||
*Hsiao-Ch’un Wang (bassoon) | |||
*Chengbo Su (bamboo flute) | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Jung-Wen Tsai (suona) | |||
*Chia-Chi Lin (violin) | |||
*Nika Zhang (violin) | |||
*Perry Lee (violin) | |||
*Yi-Hsun T’ang (French horn) | |||
*Chen-Pei Liao (bamboo flute) | |||
*Jenny Ge (flute) | |||
*Sheng Yang (oboe) | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Pei-Ju Wang (violin) | |||
*Ningfang Chen (flute) | |||
*Eddie Jimenez (trumpet) | |||
*Jing Xuan (pipa) | |||
*Yuen-Suo Yang (clarinet) | |||
*James Zheng (cello) | |||
*Hui-Ching Chen (bass) | |||
*Weifeng Jiang (erhu) | |||
{{Col-end}} | |||
Regina Weinreich wrote in a '']'' blog that Shen Yun's debut at Lincoln Center in 2011 "enacts the rich cultural heritage of China" and noted some descriptions of oppression in the performance.<ref name="huffpost" /> Fashion designer ] and her Urban Zen foundation hosted celebrities at an opening night and said, "I love when it gets into the soul".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lawrence |first1=Vanessa |date=June 24, 2011 |title=Shen Yun |url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/after-hours-shen-yun |access-date=2 July 2023 |agency=W (magazine) |archive-date=14 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014182445/https://www.wmagazine.com/story/after-hours-shen-yun |url-status=live }}</ref> Laura Falcoff, writing in the Argentinian newspaper '']'', described Shen Yun in 2012 as a "spectacular production that beautifully combines China's ancient traditions with cutting-edge technological advancements" and called it an "ideal performance for audiences of all ages, especially children."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Falcoff |first1=Laura |date=December 15, 2012 |title=El baile de las tradiciones milenarias |url=http://www.clarin.com/espectaculos/teatro/baile-tradiciones-milenarias_0_829117200.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219010316/http://www.clarin.com/espectaculos/teatro/baile-tradiciones-milenarias_0_829117200.html |archive-date=19 December 2012 |access-date=1 July 2023 |agency=Clarín}}</ref> Carmen Del Val of the Spanish newspaper '']'' wrote that a 2014 performance was "an explosion of color and energy".<ref name="elpaisspain">{{cite news |last1=Del Val |first1=Carmen |date=April 11, 2014 |title=Bailando por Falun Gong en el TNC |url=https://elpais.com/ccaa/2014/04/11/catalunya/1397215561_320940.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126212241/https://elpais.com/ccaa/2014/04/11/catalunya/1397215561_320940.html |archive-date=26 January 2022 |access-date=17 June 2023 |agency=El País}}</ref> Rachel Molenda of '']'' wrote of a 2015 Shen Yun performance at the ], where the audience gave a standing ovation, "The pairing of projected backgrounds and animation with real-time performance (dance and orchestral) was surreal. Sometimes I questioned whether the musicians, whose compositions were lovely, were really there."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Molenda |first1=Rachel |date=Feb 3, 2015 |title=Shen Yun delivers lyrical, storied performance |url=https://www.wvgazettemail.com/arts__entertainment/shen-yun-delivers-lyrical-storied-performance/article_27a4f17c-ff2b-506c-99c7-49c761acafe3.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230805230417/https://www.wvgazettemail.com/arts__entertainment/shen-yun-delivers-lyrical-storied-performance/article_27a4f17c-ff2b-506c-99c7-49c761acafe3.html |archive-date=5 August 2023 |access-date=22 October 2023 |agency=Charleston Gazette-Mail}}</ref> Gisela Orozco of '']'' wrote that a 2016 Shen Yun performance emphasized "the cultural part and faith that existed before in China," presented "fables told with dance and music, which talk about philosophy, literature and art”, and expressed values “such as loyalty, kindness, bravery, love”.<ref name=":7" /> | |||
===Soloists=== | |||
{{Col-begin}} | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Guan Guimin (tenor) | |||
*] (tenor) | |||
*Tian Ge (tenor) | |||
*Haolan Geng (soprano) | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Pi-Ju Huang (soprano) | |||
*Qu Yue (baritone) | |||
*Min Jiang (soprano) | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Feng Ming (soprano) | |||
*Chia-Ning Hsu (soprano) | |||
*Qi Xiaochun (erhu) | |||
{{Col-end}} | |||
The 2018 and 2019 performances included lyrics and digital displays disparaging ] and belief in ] as "deadly ideas",<ref name="newyorker_2019-03-19" /> leading to complaints by some attenders that the shows were ], resembled a "religious sermon", or were "cult propaganda."<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Martichoux |first=Alix |date=2018-12-21 |title=You've seen the ads. But what's the deal with Shen Yun? |url=https://www.chron.com/entertainment/article/shen-yun-cult-falun-gong-china-ads-show-reviews-13484697.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107233303/https://www.chron.com/entertainment/article/shen-yun-cult-falun-gong-china-ads-show-reviews-13484697.php |archive-date=7 January 2019 |access-date=2019-01-07 |website=Houston Chronicle}}</ref> An article in the '']'' said the political message of Shen Yun "feels more like propaganda than straightforwardly presented cultural heritage."<ref name="startribune_2015-02-06">{{Cite web |last=Tillotson |first=Kristin |date=6 February 2015 |title=Shen Yun: Politics behind the performance |url=http://www.startribune.com/shen-yun-politics-behind-the-performance/290985131/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107233229/http://www.startribune.com/shen-yun-politics-behind-the-performance/290985131/ |archive-date=7 January 2019 |access-date=2019-01-07 |website=Star Tribune}}</ref> Jia Tolentino wrote in ''The New Yorker'' that a scene in the show contained homophobia.<ref name="newyorker_2019-03-19" /> Alix Martichoux from the '']'' wrote, "For many disgruntled Shen Yun attendees, it's not necessarily that the show itself is bad – though to be fair, some complain it is. Most of the negative reviews were people upset they were blindsided by the political content."<ref name=":3" /> Tolentino described a scene: "] appeared, and the sky turned black; the city in the digital backdrop was obliterated by an earthquake, then finished off by a Communist tsunami. A red hammer and sickle glowed in the center of the wave{{nbsp}} a huge, bearded face in the water{{nbsp}} a tsunami with the face of ]."<ref name="newyorker_2019-03-19" /> | |||
===Choreographers=== | |||
{{Col-begin}} | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Yungchia Chen | |||
*Michelle Ren | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Jinman Li | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Si-Ya Yang | |||
{{Col-end}} | |||
Pablo M. Díez of the Spanish newspaper '']'' wrote in 2023, "Shen Yun's shows are a dazzling combination of dance and music with synchronized choreography in majestic settings."<ref name="abcspain">{{cite news |last1=Díez |first1=Pablo |date=Jan 30, 2023 |title=Shen Yun, la danza que los chinos no pueden ver, llega a España |url=https://www.abc.es/cultura/shen-danza-chinos-pueden-llega-espana-20230130191039-nt.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230130145430/https://www.abc.es/cultura/shen-danza-chinos-pueden-llega-espana-20230130191039-nt.html |archive-date=2023-01-30 |access-date=17 June 2023 |agency=ABC}}</ref> | |||
===Composers=== | |||
{{Col-begin}} | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Yuan Gao | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Junyi Tan | |||
{{Col-3}} | |||
*Jing Xuan | |||
{{Col-end}}<ref>http://www.shenyunperformingarts.org/artists</ref> | |||
In a 2023 ] opinion piece, Emily Needham drew parallels between Shen Yun and ]-era ]’s ] programs, describing both as being “built on the idea that dance can transcend language differences and build mutual understanding with audiences through a shared cultural experience.” She concluded: “Today’s Shen Yun performances are grand, with a large cast of 180 brilliant dancers, spectacular sets and bright colors. Dance can be beautiful while also performing political arguments. They are not mutually exclusive.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Needham |first=Emily |date=2023-02-01 |title=Perspective {{!}} Shen Yun has a political message. That shouldn't be a surprise. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/made-by-history/2023/02/01/dance-cultural-diplomacy-shen-yun/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402041226/https://www.washingtonpost.com/made-by-history/2023/02/01/dance-cultural-diplomacy-shen-yun/ |archive-date=April 2, 2023 |access-date=2023-12-09 |newspaper=] |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> | |||
==Advertising== | |||
Shen Yun is heavily promoted in major cities with commercials, billboards, and brochures displayed in the streets and in businesses. Promotion of Shen Yun is often done by practitioners of Falun Gong, a spiritual practice that is persecuted in China.<ref name="Wright">{{Cite news|url=http://hudsonreporter.com/view/full_story/16862324/article-Shen-Yun-returns-%E2%80%98Divine%E2%80%99-Chinese-cultural-phenomenon-coming-to-NYC-area-?instance=entertainment_most_popular|title=Shen Yun returns|author=Wright, E. Assata|date=22 December 2011|accessdate=23 April 2012|publisher=]}}</ref><ref name="AJC"/><ref name="Gumbrecht">{{Cite news|url=http://blogs.ajc.com/inside-access/2010/01/21/surprised-by-the-politics-in-shows-like-shen-yun/|title=Surprised by the politics in shows like Shen Yun?|first=Jamie|last=Gumbrecht|date=21 January 2012|accessdate=23 April 2012|publisher=]}}</ref> Some journalists have raised objections about the show's promotion strategy, which does not always clearly note that there is Falun Gong-related, or what has been described as political content, in the performance.<ref name="nyt"/><ref name="buffallownews"/><ref name="AJC">{{Cite news|url=http://www.accessatlanta.com/AccessAtlanta-sharing_/many-atlantans-ok-with-277268.html|title=Many Atlantans OK with Chinese dance troupe's politics|first=Howard|last=Pousner|publisher=]|date=17 January 2012|accessdate=23 April 2012}}</ref> The ''Winnipeg Free Press'' noted that Shen Yun's promotional materials contained "a line in very small, pale type" that the local Falun Dafa Association is the sponsor of the show.<ref name="WFP">{{Cite news|url=http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/arts-and-life/entertainment/arts/the-politics-of-dancing-89826107.html?path=/entertainment/arts&id=89826107&sortBy=oldest&device=mobile&c=y|title=The politics of dancing|first=Alison|last=Mayes|publisher=]|date=3 April 2010|accessdate=23 April 2012}}</ref> There are also permanent banners cross-promoting Shen Yun in the Epoch Times and NTDTV websites.<ref>. ''Epoch Times'' Archived 15 June 2012</ref><ref>. New Tang Dynasty Television. Archived 15 June 2012</ref> | |||
== |
==Tours== | ||
Shen Yun's eight companies tour for six months each year, performing in over 130 cities in North America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Latin America.<ref name="NYTimesHodara" /> Notable venues include the ] at New York's ] in Manhattan;<ref name="Koch"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127132928/http://www.davidhkochtheater.com/moreinfoSY.html |date=27 January 2013|accessdate=8 April 2018}} David H. Koch Theater.</ref> the ] in London, England; the ] in Amsterdam, Netherlands;<ref>{{cite web |title=Shen Yun 2014 |url=https://theatercollectie.uva.nl/Details/productions/perform/500079330 |website=Theatercollectie |publisher=University of Amsterdam |access-date=24 October 2024 |archive-date=28 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228042638/https://theatercollectie.uva.nl/Details/productions/perform/500079330 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the ] Opera House in Washington, D.C. By the conclusion of Shen Yun's 2010 performance, an estimated one million people had seen the performance worldwide.<ref name="NYTimesHodara" /> During Shen Yun's 2024 season, the company's eight touring troupes performed over 800 shows on five continents.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=December 29, 2024 |title=How Shen Yun Tapped Religious Fervor to Make $266 Million |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/29/nyregion/shen-yun-money-falun-gong.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=1 January 2025 |archive-date=1 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250101012304/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/29/nyregion/shen-yun-money-falun-gong.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
''The ]'' wrote that the performance "takes viewers on a visually dazzling tour of 5,000 years of Chinese history and culture via bravura displays of acrobatics and grand tales told through flourishes of Chinese classical dance."<ref name="sfgate"/> Paula Citron, theater critic for Canada's '']'' said "the production values are grand in terms of costumes and scenic effects, and the performers are all very good-looking and meticulously disciplined."<ref name="globeandmail"/> A critic for '']'' remarked that the female dancers were "as delicate as they are quick, and their skills include a nimble mastery of traditional talents, such as the classic fan dance."<ref name=chicagotribune/> Joel Markowitz of DC Theatre Scene described tenor Guan Guimin's voice as similar to that of ], "with a glorious sweet upper range-and crystal clear diction, sung with great emotion."<ref name=dctheatre>Joel Markowitz, , DC Theatre Scene, 28 January 2007.</ref> A reviewer with the ''Philadelphia City Paper'' remarked on how "the orchestra's blend of Western and Chinese instrumentation and timbre works, its erhu players seamlessly mixing in with more traditional musicians."<ref name=philcitypaper>A.D. Amorosi, , ''Philadelphia City Paper'', 16 Dec 2008.</ref> The ''New York Observer'' noted that the 2011 production at New York's Lincoln Center received “highly favorable reviews.”<ref name=Observer>Elise Knutsen, , ''New York Observer'', 5 July 2011.</ref> In 2008, by contrast, '']'' gave the show 1 1/2 stars out of four, describing it as "spectacularly tacky" and noted the choreography was "consistently banal"<ref name=star20080120>Susan Walker , ''The Toronto Star'', 20 January 2008</ref> | |||
Shen Yun does not perform in China and the Chinese government has attempted to cancel Shen Yun performances elsewhere through political pressure exerted by its foreign embassies and consulates.<ref name="USSTATE">, 17 November 2010. US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220222831/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148963.htm |date=20 February 2020 }}, 17 November 2010. US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220223120/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148975.htm |date=20 February 2020 }}, 17 November 2010. US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220223031/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148993.htm |date=20 February 2020 }}, 17 November 2010. US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor</ref> Chinese diplomats have also sent letters to elected officials in the West exhorting them not to attend or otherwise support the performance, which they describe as "propaganda" intended to "smear China's image."<ref>Keegan Hamilton, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209053005/http://blogs.seattleweekly.com/dailyweekly/2012/02/chinese_government_seattle_officials_evil_cult.php |date=9 February 2012 }}, Seattle Weekly, 6 February 2012.</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205110107/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/chinese-new-year-spectacular-just-propaganda-chinese-embassy-1.660265 |date=5 December 2024 }}, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 17 January 2007.</ref> Members of the CCP's top political consultative body, the ], have also expressed concern that China's state-funded arts troupes have been less popular internationally than Shen Yun.<ref>{{cite news |last=Li |first=Raymond |date=8 March 2013 |title=State-funded arts troupes fail to shine against Falun Gong rivals abroad |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1185824/state-funded-arts-troupes-fail-shine-against-falun-gong-rivals-abroad |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130315055705/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1185824/state-funded-arts-troupes-fail-shine-against-falun-gong-rivals-abroad |archive-date=15 March 2013 |access-date=26 April 2013 |newspaper=]}}</ref> Shen Yun representatives say the Chinese government's opposition to the show stems from its depictions of modern-day political oppression in China, and that it includes expressions of traditional Chinese cultural history that the CCP government has tried to suppress.<ref name="huffpost">{{Cite web|first=Regina|last=Weinreich|title=Beauty and the Beast: Shen Yun at Lincoln Center|date=24 August 2011|website=]|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/beauty-and-the-beast-shen_b_884203|access-date=13 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317212419/http://www.huffpost.com/entry/beauty-and-the-beast-shen_b_884203|archive-date=17 March 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Shen Yun's depictions of religious content and political repression in China have also drawn mixed reviews from critics and audiences.<ref name="nyt">{{Cite news| last =Konigsberg | first =Eric | title =A Glimpse of Chinese Culture That Some Find Hard to Watch | newspaper =] | date =6 February 2008| url =http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/06/nyregion/06splendor.html?_r=1&oref=slogin}}</ref><ref name='buffallownews'>{{Cite web|url=http://www.buffalonews.com/2010/05/30/1066022/songdance-spectacular-not-exactly.html#comment |title=Song & dance spectacular not exactly what it seems |first=Colin |last=Dabkowski |work= Buffalo News |date=30 May 2010 |accessdate=21 June 2010 }}</ref> A Shen Yun production manager explained that while most of the performance does not deal with persecution, other acts nonetheless have "uplifting moral themes and extol virtues promoted by Falun Gong: truthfulness, compassion and forbearance."<ref name="WFP"/> Although some reviewers have praised the artistry and message of these acts,<ref>Richard Connema, , Talkin' Broadway.</ref><ref name=dctheatre/> others have noted the political elements may lead to a "biased view of Chinese history and contemporary culture."<ref name="Wright"/> '']'' stated the show presented "a Disneyfied version of Chinese culture" and described the performance as "propaganda as entertainment."<ref name=telegr>{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/dance/3671451/Shen-Yun-Propaganda-as-entertainment.html |title=Shen Yun: Propaganda as entertainment |work=The Daily Telegraph |first=Sue |last=Crompton |date=25 February 2008 |accessdate=1 April 2009 }}</ref> '']'' gave the show 2 stars out of 5, writing that whilst "the sinuous calligraphy of the dancers' bodies is elaborated with rippling silks and fans... ... is all too weird a mix of propaganda and bling."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2008/feb/25/dance |title=Dance review: Shen Yun Royal Festival Hall, London |first=Judith |last=Mackrell |work=The Guardian |date=25 February 2008 |accessdate=1 April 2009 }}</ref> | |||
Shen Yun was scheduled to perform in Hong Kong in January 2010, but the event was cancelled after the government refused ] to Shen Yun's production crew.<ref name="my sinchew">{{cite news |agency=Agence France-Presse|url=http://www.mysinchew.com/node/34582 |title=Falungong decries HK as democracy row deepens |date=27 January 2010 |work=My Sinchew |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112110325/http://www.mysinchew.com/node/34582 |archive-date=12 November 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Attempts to shut down the show have also been reported by theatres and local governments in various countries including Ecuador, Ireland, Germany and Sweden.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.theguardian.com/news/2017/dec/12/shen-yun-falun-gong-traditional-chinese-dance-troupe-china-doesnt-want-you-to-see |title= The traditional Chinese dance troupe China doesn't want you to see |date= 12 December 2017 |first= Nicholas |last= Hune-Brown |work= The Guardian |access-date= 12 December 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171219160004/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2017/dec/12/shen-yun-falun-gong-traditional-chinese-dance-troupe-china-doesnt-want-you-to-see |archive-date= 19 December 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> | |||
==Chinese government reaction== | |||
The Chinese government has attempted to cancel or delay Shen Yun performances through political pressure via its embassies according to the US State Department and Falun Gong-related sources.<ref name=USSTATE>US Department of State, BUREAU OF DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR,, 17 November 2010</ref><ref>Epoch Times Article, Hans Bengtsson, 28 Mar 2009, </ref><ref>Epoch Times Article, Joshua Philipp, 4 Jun 2010, </ref> The Chinese embassy in Ottawa, Canada, said that the show was “propaganda” whose objective was to “smear China’s image” and damage bilateral relationships.<ref>Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, , 17 January 2007.</ref> Chinese diplomats have sent letters to elected officials in the West exhorting them not to attend or otherwise support the performance.<ref>Keegan Hamilton, , Seattle Weekly, 6 Feb 2012.</ref> | |||
In February 2020, Shen Yun was the subject of misinformation and racist rumors in Utah, which accused its dancers of spreading the coronavirus from Asia to the United States. Health officials in Utah dismissed the rumors, reminding people that the coronavirus outbreak was linked to travel from China and Shen Yun is based in the United States and banned in China.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 25, 2020 |title=The latest target of racist rumors about coronavirus: The ubiquitous dance troupe Shen Yun |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/02/25/shen-yun-coronavirus-fears-utah/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200225181207/https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2020/02/25/shen-yun-coronavirus-fears-utah/ |archive-date=February 25, 2020 |website=The Washington Post}}</ref> | |||
In ] the government cancelled two performances in 2010 after the government suggested that it might "hurt diplomatic relations with China."<ref>US Department of State, BUREAU OF DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR, , 17 November 2010</ref><ref>Epoch Times Article, Leeshai Lemish, 30 May 2010,</ref><ref>Epoch Times Article, Epoch Times Staff, 25 May 2010, </ref> In ], government intervention also prevented Shen Yun from performing at a theater in ] due to a "contract issue", despite protest from several Romanian members of the European Parliament. Performances in ] were also cancelled after alleged pressure from China.<ref>US Department of State, BUREAU OF DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR, , 17 November 2010</ref><ref>US Department of State, BUREAU OF DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR, , 17 November 2010</ref> In late January 2010, the government of Hong Kong refused entry visas for members of Shen Yun's production crew, resulting in the show's cancelation. ] chairman ] said the denial of the visas was a worrying new erosion of Hong Kong's freedoms and reputation. The Hong Kong immigration department did not comment on the specific case, but said that applicants "generally had to offer expertise not easily found locally".<ref>Agence-France Presse, , 27 January 2010.</ref> The decision was overturned in March.<ref>Sonya Bryskine, , ''The Epoch Times'', 10 March 2010.</ref> | |||
== Treatment of performers == | |||
In 2024, many news outlets reported that Shen Yun abuses and mistreats its dancers.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2024-11-25 |title=Lawsuit alleges that young dancers for Shen Yun Performing Arts have faced abuse |url=https://apnews.com/article/shen-yun-dancers-lawsuit-ba2cc686d66eea41b2fce1a6a3f45aeb |access-date=2024-12-13 |website= |language=en |agency=] |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214004348/https://apnews.com/article/shen-yun-dancers-lawsuit-ba2cc686d66eea41b2fce1a6a3f45aeb |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite news |last=Rothfeld |first=Michael |last2=Hong |first2=Nicole |date=2024-11-17 |title=Shen Yun’s Longstanding Labor Practices Attract Regulators’ Scrutiny |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/17/nyregion/shen-yun-child-labor-regulator.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125153950/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/17/nyregion/shen-yun-child-labor-regulator.html |archive-date=25 November 2024 |access-date=2024-12-13 |work=] |language=en }}</ref> A 2024 '']'' investigation alleged that Shen Yun routinely discouraged performers from seeking medical care for injuries and enforced grueling rehearsal and tour schedules through ] and manipulation.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Hong |first1=Nicole |last2=Rothfeld |first2=Michael |date=2024-08-16 |title=Behind the Pageantry of Shen Yun, Untreated Injuries and Emotional Abuse |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/15/nyregion/shen-yun-dance-abuse.html |access-date=2024-08-21 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=21 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821081641/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/15/nyregion/shen-yun-dance-abuse.html |url-status=live }}</ref> They report that Shen Yun recruits underage dancers and musicians to work long hours with little pay.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":8" /> Evan Glickman, a percussionist that travelled with Shen Yun for 2 years, stated that two-thirds of the musicians were students and "That place would not run if they had to pay real musicians, like every other organization in the country does." A violinist, Eugene Liu, started working for Shen Yun at 15 and stayed with the group for 2 years, but never made more than $300 a month despite working on over 200 shows.<ref name=":8" /> | |||
Dancers were often hesitant to seek medical attention when injured or unwell, as practitioners of Falun Gong hold the belief that true adherence to their principles can enable individuals to overcome illness or injury without external intervention. Li Hongzhi, the founder of Falun Gong, played a significant role in the creation of Shen Yun. He encouraged performers to engage in meditation as a means to address injuries, suggesting that such physical issues stemmed from spiritual imbalances. As a result, some dancers continued to perform despite experiencing injuries such as dislocated kneecaps and sprained ankles, in order to avoid any perception of disloyalty to Li. On top of that, leaders of Shen Yun reportedly warned performers that leaving the organization could result in dire consequences, such as losing Li's protective guidance. Seven former performers recounted being informed that if they chose to resign from Shen Yun, they would be required to repay the costs associated with their education, housing, and living expenses provided under full scholarships, potentially amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars. They noted, however, that there was no follow-through on these repayment demands.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hong |first=Nicole |last2=Rothfeld |first2=Michael |date=2024-08-16 |title=5 Takeaways From The Times’s Investigation Into Shen Yun |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/16/nyregion/shen-yun-nyt-investigation.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126175229/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/16/nyregion/shen-yun-nyt-investigation.html |archive-date=26 November 2024 |access-date=2024-12-13 |work=The New York Times |language=en}}</ref> | |||
On its website, Shen Yun stated that 85% of its performers are adults, and that student performers receive $50,000 worth of scholarships per year to attend Shen Yun-affiliated schools that are registered with the ] or accredited by the ].<ref name=":6" /> | |||
In November 2024, the ] opened an investigation into Shen Yun following the ''New York Times''<nowiki/>'s reporting.<ref name=":8" /> That same month, a former dancer for Shen Yun sued the group, Li and other defendants, alleging that Shen Yun is subjecting children working for it to harsh conditions, including working for long hours with little pay.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Scribner |first=Herb |date=November 26, 2024 |title=What to know about Shen Yun and the child labor accusations |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/2024/11/26/shen-yun-dance-group-lawsuit-explained/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241126200733/https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/2024/11/26/shen-yun-dance-group-lawsuit-explained/ |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=January 10, 2025 |work=]}}</ref> | |||
==Falun Gong and Dragon Springs compound== | |||
Shen Yun operates out of ]'s headquarters in the {{cvt|427|acre|km2|adj=on}} ] compound in ], where it has large rehearsal spaces. Dragon Springs is registered as a religious property under the church name Dragon Springs Buddhist.<ref>Hill, Michael (April 2019). {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627014304/https://apnews.com/420a741ec19c4db3993d408747874b2d |date=27 June 2020 }} ].</ref> The exact financial and structural connections between Falun Gong, Shen Yun, and ''The Epoch Times'' remain unclear. According to ]: "The Epoch Media Group, along with Shen Yun, a dance troupe known for its ubiquitous advertising and unsettling performances, make up the outreach effort of Falun Gong, a relatively new spiritual practice that combines ancient Chinese meditative exercises, mysticism and often ultraconservative cultural worldviews. Falun Gong's founder has referred to Epoch Media Group as "our media", and the group's practice heavily informs ''The Epoch Times''{{'}} coverage, according to former employees who spoke with NBC News. ''The Epoch Times'', digital production company ], and the heavily advertised dance troupe Shen Yun make up the nonprofit network that Li calls "our media". Financial documents paint a complicated picture of more than a dozen technically separate organizations that appear to share missions, money and executives."<ref name=":1" /> By 2024, Shen Yun accumulated $266 million in assets mainly through ticket sales and by keeping its costs down through numerous volunteer hours and sometimes personal savings of Falun Gong adherents.<ref name=":9" /> | |||
Between 2009 and 2024, ''The Epoch Times'' published 17,000 articles related to Shen Yun.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-12-30 |title=Shen Yun Needed Publicity. The Epoch Times Wrote 17,000 Articles. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/30/nyregion/shen-yun-epoch-times-falun-gong.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241230143910/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/30/nyregion/shen-yun-epoch-times-falun-gong.html |archive-date=30 December 2024 |access-date=2024-12-30 |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
==Chinese government interference== | |||
{{See also|Persecution of Falun Gong}} | |||
The Chinese government has attempted to stop the group from performing abroad by pressuring theatre managers<ref name="abcspain" /><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hamilton |first1=Clive |last2=Ohlberg |first2=Mareike |title=Hidden Hand: Exposing How the Chinese Communist Party is Reshaping the World |date=2021 |publisher=Optimum Publishing International |location=Canada |isbn=9780888903082 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GI1UEAAAQBAJ |access-date=11 May 2023 |archive-date=17 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617150403/https://books.google.com/books?id=GI1UEAAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> or sending letters or e-mails to theaters in multiple countries,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moldova|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148963.htm|access-date=2020-07-13|website=U.S. Department of State|archive-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220222831/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148963.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Romania|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148975.htm|access-date=2020-07-13|website=U.S. Department of State|archive-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220223120/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148975.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> including Ireland, Germany,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Zeitung|first=Berliner|title=Zensur: Chinesische Botschaft wollte Tanztheater verhindern|url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/mensch-metropole/zensur-chinesische-botschaft-wollte-tanztheater-verhindern-li.17076|access-date=2020-09-29|website=Berliner Zeitung|date=12 February 2014|language=de-DE|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115041857/https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/mensch-metropole/zensur-chinesische-botschaft-wollte-tanztheater-verhindern-li.17076|url-status=live}}</ref> South Korea<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cook |first=Sarah |date=May 9, 2016 |title=The Long Arm of Chinese Censorship Reaches South Korea |url=https://freedomhouse.org/article/long-arm-chinese-censorship-reaches-south-korea |access-date=2024-06-12 |website=Freedom House |language=en |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612040510/https://freedomhouse.org/article/long-arm-chinese-censorship-reaches-south-korea |url-status=live }}</ref> and Sweden.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2017-10-02|title=Selling China by the Sleeve Dance|url=https://hazlitt.net/longreads/selling-china-sleeve-dance|access-date=2020-09-29|website=Hazlitt|language=en|archive-date=23 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923033424/https://hazlitt.net/longreads/selling-china-sleeve-dance|url-status=live}}</ref> According to Shen Yun, the Chinese government also attempted to cancel Shen Yun's performance in Hong Kong by rejecting the entry visas of six members.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-01-21|title=In Shen Yun, colorful past meets dark oppression|url=https://www.timesunion.com/entertainment/article/In-Shen-Yun-colorful-past-meets-dark-oppression-968479.php|access-date=2020-09-29|website=Times Union|language=en-US|archive-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205155212/https://www.timesunion.com/entertainment/article/In-Shen-Yun-colorful-past-meets-dark-oppression-968479.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 January 2020|title=Dance troupe cancels Falun Gong shows|url=https://www.scmp.com/article/704659/dance-troupe-cancels-falun-gong-shows|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929030050/https://www.scmp.com/article/704659/dance-troupe-cancels-falun-gong-shows|archive-date=29 September 2020|access-date=29 September 2020|website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> | |||
In November, 2024, a man was sentenced for acting on behalf of the Chinese government in bribing an ] agent to take away Shen Yun's tax exemption status.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-19 |title=Office of Public Affairs {{!}} California Man Sentenced for Acting as an Illegal Agent of the People’s Republic of China Government and Bribery {{!}} United States Department of Justice |url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-man-sentenced-acting-illegal-agent-peoples-republic-china-government-and-bribery |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=www.justice.gov |language=en |archive-date=10 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210022722/https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-man-sentenced-acting-illegal-agent-peoples-republic-china-government-and-bribery |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
==Symphony orchestra== | |||
] with Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra at ]]] | |||
In October 2012, Shen Yun's symphony orchestra made its debut performance at ] in New York. The performance featured conductors ], Keng-Wei Kuo, and ], and the program included both classical works such as ]'s '']'' and ]'s Concerto in C Major, as well as original compositions that fuse Chinese and Western instruments.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 October 2012 |title=Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra |url=http://www.carnegiehall.org/Calendar/2012/10/28/0200/PM/Shen-Yun-Symphony-Orchestra/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912175155/http://www.carnegiehall.org/Calendar/2012/10/28/0200/PM/Shen-Yun-Symphony-Orchestra/ |archive-date=12 September 2014 |publisher=Carnegie Hall}}.</ref> | |||
In 2013, the symphony orchestra toured seven American cities. In addition to Carnegie Hall, it performed at the ] in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shen Yun Performing Arts to Return to Lincoln Center, 1/10-19 |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwdance/article/Shen-Yun-Performing-Arts-to-Return-to-Lincoln-Center-110-19-20131114 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114224127/https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwdance/article/Shen-Yun-Performing-Arts-to-Return-to-Lincoln-Center-110-19-20131114 |archive-date=14 November 2018 |access-date=14 November 2018 |website=broadwayworld}}</ref> In 2023, the orchestra made its debut at ] in New York, with classical works and original compositions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shen Yun Symphony Orchestra |url=https://www.lincolncenter.org/venue/david-geffen-hall/shen-yun-symphony-orchestra-772 |access-date=22 October 2023 |website=Wu Tsai Theater, David Geffen Hall |archive-date=22 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022171328/https://www.lincolncenter.org/venue/david-geffen-hall/shen-yun-symphony-orchestra-772 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=October 2023|reason=third-party RS needed for ]}} | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{Portal|Falun Gong}} | |||
{{Commons category|Shen Yun Performing Arts}} | |||
*] | |||
* ] | |||
*] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist |
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==Further reading== | |||
* {{cite journal|last1=Chan|first1=Lik Sam|title=Emotional duplex in the nation (de-)branding: a case study of China and Shen Yun Performing Arts|journal=Critical Studies in Media Communication|year=2016|volume=33|issue=2|pages=139–153|doi=10.1080/15295036.2015.1129547|s2cid=146994119}} | |||
* , Nicholas Hune-Brown, theguardian.com, 12 December 2017 | |||
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Latest revision as of 01:46, 18 January 2025
Performing arts company related to the Falun Gong This article is about the dance company. For the subway station, see Shenyun station.
Company type | Private nonprofit organization |
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Industry | Dance, symphony orchestra |
Founded | August 16, 2006; 18 years ago (2006-08-16) |
Founder | Practitioners of Falun Gong |
Headquarters | Deerpark, New York, U.S. |
Area served | International |
Revenue | 45,965,964 United States dollar (2022) |
Total assets | 228,580,466 United States dollar (2022) |
Divisions | New York Company, International Company, Touring Company, World Company |
Website | www |
Shen Yun | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 神韻藝術團 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 神韵艺术团 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Literal meaning | "Divine rhythm arts troupe" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Shen Yun Performing Arts (Chinese: 神韻藝術團; lit. 'divine rhythm arts troupe') is a non-profit performing arts and entertainment company based in the United States which tours internationally, producing performances which include dance and symphonic music. It is operated by the Falun Gong new religious movement. Shen Yun is composed of eight large performing ensembles, with a total of approximately 480 performers. Shen Yun has performed in front of millions and has toured more than 200 cities across Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia.
Shen Yun was founded in 2006 by Chinese expatriate adherents of Falun Gong, and is based at the Dragon Springs compound in Deerpark, New York, near where the group's leader Li Hongzhi and his followers reside. Falun Gong adherents pay to rent the performance venue, promote the show, and sell tickets. After expenses are covered through ticket sales, proceeds go to Shen Yun. The finances of Shen Yun and Falun Gong appear to be linked, with technically separate corporations sharing funds, executives and the same mission. Li Hongzhi describes the Shen Yun performance as a means of "saving" audiences.
Shen Yun's performances have been described as promoting sectarian doctrines and negative views of evolution and atheism. The group is promoted by The Epoch Times, a far-right media outlet affiliated with Falun Gong. In 2019, an NBC News assessment concluded that the Epoch Media Group and Shen Yun "make up the outreach effort of Falun Gong". The Chinese government bars Shen Yun from performing in China, as it considers Falun Gong to be an "anti-society cult" and has attempted to cancel its performances abroad by pressuring theaters and governments.
History
In 2006, a group of expatriate Chinese Falun Gong practitioners living in North America founded Shen Yun in New York. The stated purpose of the company was to revive Chinese culture and traditions from the time before the Chinese Communist Revolution. In a journal article analyzing Falun Gong’s geopolitics, scholar Weihsuan Lin wrote: "Shen Yun’s ‘reviving five thousand years of civilization’ attempts to question and separate the entanglement between the Party and the State; it enacts, globally, an alternative geopolitical discourse in which a culturally rich and prosperous China without the CCP existed in the past and is coming again in the near future."
In 2007, the company conducted its first tour with 90 dancers, musicians, soloists, and production staff. Early shows were titled "Chinese Spectacular", "Holiday Wonders", "Chinese New Year Splendor", and "Divine Performing Arts", but now the company performs exclusively under the name "Shen Yun". By 2009, Shen Yun had developed three full companies and orchestras that toured the world simultaneously. By the end of the 2010 season, approximately one million people had seen the troupes perform.
Shen Yun, the media organization The Epoch Times, and a variety of other organizations operate as extensions of Falun Gong. Los Angeles–based investigative reporter Samuel Braslow described Shen Yun's background in March 2020: "Both Shen Yun and Epoch Times are funded and operated by members of Falun Gong, a controversial spiritual group that was banned by China's government in 1999 Falun Gong melds traditional Taoist principles with occasionally bizarre pronouncements from its Chinese-born founder and leader, Li Hongzhi. Among other pronouncements, Li has claimed that aliens started invading human minds in the beginning of the 20th century, leading to mass corruption and the invention of computers. He has also denounced feminism and homosexuality and claimed he can walk through walls and levitate. But the central tenet of the group's wide-ranging belief system is its fierce opposition to communism. In 2000, Li founded Epoch Times to disseminate Falun Gong talking points to American readers. Six years later he launched Shen Yun as another vehicle to promote his teachings to mainstream Western audiences. Over the years Shen Yun and Epoch Times, while nominally separate organizations, have operated in tandem in Falun Gong's ongoing PR campaign against the Chinese government, taking directions from Li." Editor Chris Jennewein of MyNewsLA wrote that Los Angeles Magazine was sued for defamation in May 2020 by the Epoch Times, referring to Braslow's news report. Los Angeles Magazine pulled the piece from their website in July, as ordered by federal judge George H. Wu, and published a retraction notice in the September 2020 issue of the magazine.
Marketing
Shen Yun promotes itself as "a presentation of traditional Chinese culture as it once was: a study in grace, wisdom, and virtues distilled from five millennia of Chinese civilization". The company is described in promotions as reviving Chinese culture following a period of assault and destruction under the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Shen Yun is heavily promoted in major cities with commercials, billboards, and brochures displayed in the streets and in businesses, as well as in television and radio profiles. According to Jia Tolentino of The New Yorker, "The ads have to be both ubiquitous and devoid of content so that they can convince more than a million people to pay good money to watch what is, essentially, religious-political propaganda—or, more generously, an extremely elaborate commercial for Falun Dafa’s spiritual teachings and its plight vis-à-vis the Chinese Communist regime."
Shen Yun performances are often presented or sponsored by regional Falun Gong groups, which has been labeled a "cult" and banned by the Chinese government. Some audience members have objected to the show's promotion strategy, which does not note the religious- and political-themed content of the performance. Jim Kershner of The Spokesman-Review reported that while the show contained "a religious-political message", "he vast majority of the show, however, has no overt message. It is dedicated mainly to keeping alive the traditional forms of Chinese music and dance that were suppressed during the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and in subsequent decades." Chicago Tribune’s Gisela Orozco also noted that Shen Yun offered, "in a few passages, critical allusions to the communism that governs its country of origin, but without abounding on the subject."
In 2021, the troupe began billing its shows as "China Before Communism".
Content
Dance
Large-scale group dance is at the center of Shen Yun productions. Each touring company consists of about 40 male and female dancers, who mainly perform classical Chinese dances, making extensive use of acrobatic and tumbling techniques, forms and postures.
Shen Yun's repertoire draws on stories from Chinese history and legends, such as the legend of Mulan, Journey to the West and Outlaws of the Marsh. It also depicts "the story of Falun Gong today". During the 2010 production, at least two of the 16 scenes depicted "persecution and murder of Falun Gong practitioners" in contemporary China, including the beating of a young mother to death, and the jailing of a Falun Gong protester. In addition to classical Han Chinese dance, Shen Yun also includes elements of Yi, Miao, Tibetan and Mongolian dance.
Shen Yun performs three core elements of classical Chinese dance: bearing (emotion, cultural and ethnic flavor), form (expressive movements and postures), and technical skill (physical techniques of jumping, flipping, and leaping). Shen Yun choreographer Vina Lee has stated that some of the distinct Chinese bearing (yun) has been "lost in the process" since the cultural changes of the Chinese Communist Revolution.
Music
Shen Yun dances are accompanied by Chinese instruments: the pipa, suona, dizi, guzheng, and a variety of Chinese percussion instruments. A full Western orchestra leads the melodies. There are solo performances featuring Chinese instruments such as the erhu in between dances. Interspersed between dance sequences, other than the erhu performances, are operatic singers performing songs which sometimes invoke spiritual or religious themes, including references to the Falun Gong faith. A performance in 2007, for instance, included a reference to the Chakravartin, a figure in Buddhism who turns the wheel of Dharma.
The music for Shen Yun was composed by Jing Xian and Junyi Tan. Three of Shen Yun's performers—flutist Ningfang Chen, erhuist Mei Xuan and tenor Guan Guimin—were recipients of the Chinese Ministry of Culture's "National First Class Performer" awards. Prior to joining Shen Yun, Guan Guimin was well known in China for his work on soundtracks for more than 50 movies and television shows. Other notable performers include erhu soloist Xiaochun Qi.
Costume and backdrops
Shen Yun's dancers perform wearing intricate costumes, often accompanied by a variety of props. Some costumes are intended to imitate the dress of various ethnicities, while others depict ancient Chinese court dancers, soldiers, or characters from classic stories. Props include colorful handkerchiefs, drums, fans, chopsticks, or silk scarves.
Each Shen Yun piece is set against a digitally projected backdrop, usually depicting landscapes such as Mongolian grasslands, imperial courts, ancient villages, temples, or mountains. Some backdrops contain moving elements, such as digital versions of the dancers, that integrate with the performance.
Reviews
Sid Smith of Chicago Tribune wrote that a 2008 Shen Yun performance was "more uneven" than other cultural performances he had seen, but that the women dancers were "a beautiful and haunting ensemble" with "a nimble mastery of traditional talents." Sarah Crompton of The Daily Telegraph wrote of a 2008 Shen Yun performance: "This show is advertised as a Chinese spectacular – a kind of Eastern version of Cirque du Soleil. It is nothing of the kind. Acrobatics, singing and dancing skills are used in the service of a propaganda exercise on the part of Falun Gong ... But what I really object to is that such a politically motivated performance is being smuggled on to stages around Europe in the name of family entertainment."
Regina Weinreich wrote in a HuffPost blog that Shen Yun's debut at Lincoln Center in 2011 "enacts the rich cultural heritage of China" and noted some descriptions of oppression in the performance. Fashion designer Donna Karan and her Urban Zen foundation hosted celebrities at an opening night and said, "I love when it gets into the soul". Laura Falcoff, writing in the Argentinian newspaper Clarín, described Shen Yun in 2012 as a "spectacular production that beautifully combines China's ancient traditions with cutting-edge technological advancements" and called it an "ideal performance for audiences of all ages, especially children." Carmen Del Val of the Spanish newspaper El País wrote that a 2014 performance was "an explosion of color and energy". Rachel Molenda of Charleston Gazette-Mail wrote of a 2015 Shen Yun performance at the Clay Center, where the audience gave a standing ovation, "The pairing of projected backgrounds and animation with real-time performance (dance and orchestral) was surreal. Sometimes I questioned whether the musicians, whose compositions were lovely, were really there." Gisela Orozco of Chicago Tribune wrote that a 2016 Shen Yun performance emphasized "the cultural part and faith that existed before in China," presented "fables told with dance and music, which talk about philosophy, literature and art”, and expressed values “such as loyalty, kindness, bravery, love”.
The 2018 and 2019 performances included lyrics and digital displays disparaging atheism and belief in evolution as "deadly ideas", leading to complaints by some attenders that the shows were "anti-evolution", resembled a "religious sermon", or were "cult propaganda." An article in the Minneapolis Star Tribune said the political message of Shen Yun "feels more like propaganda than straightforwardly presented cultural heritage." Jia Tolentino wrote in The New Yorker that a scene in the show contained homophobia. Alix Martichoux from the Houston Chronicle wrote, "For many disgruntled Shen Yun attendees, it's not necessarily that the show itself is bad – though to be fair, some complain it is. Most of the negative reviews were people upset they were blindsided by the political content." Tolentino described a scene: "Chairman Mao appeared, and the sky turned black; the city in the digital backdrop was obliterated by an earthquake, then finished off by a Communist tsunami. A red hammer and sickle glowed in the center of the wave a huge, bearded face in the water a tsunami with the face of Karl Marx."
Pablo M. Díez of the Spanish newspaper ABC wrote in 2023, "Shen Yun's shows are a dazzling combination of dance and music with synchronized choreography in majestic settings."
In a 2023 Washington Post opinion piece, Emily Needham drew parallels between Shen Yun and Cold War-era U.S. State Department’s cultural diplomacy programs, describing both as being “built on the idea that dance can transcend language differences and build mutual understanding with audiences through a shared cultural experience.” She concluded: “Today’s Shen Yun performances are grand, with a large cast of 180 brilliant dancers, spectacular sets and bright colors. Dance can be beautiful while also performing political arguments. They are not mutually exclusive.”
Tours
Shen Yun's eight companies tour for six months each year, performing in over 130 cities in North America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Latin America. Notable venues include the David H. Koch Theater at New York's Lincoln Center in Manhattan; the London Coliseum in London, England; the Dutch National Opera and Ballet in Amsterdam, Netherlands; and the Kennedy Center Opera House in Washington, D.C. By the conclusion of Shen Yun's 2010 performance, an estimated one million people had seen the performance worldwide. During Shen Yun's 2024 season, the company's eight touring troupes performed over 800 shows on five continents.
Shen Yun does not perform in China and the Chinese government has attempted to cancel Shen Yun performances elsewhere through political pressure exerted by its foreign embassies and consulates. Chinese diplomats have also sent letters to elected officials in the West exhorting them not to attend or otherwise support the performance, which they describe as "propaganda" intended to "smear China's image." Members of the CCP's top political consultative body, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, have also expressed concern that China's state-funded arts troupes have been less popular internationally than Shen Yun. Shen Yun representatives say the Chinese government's opposition to the show stems from its depictions of modern-day political oppression in China, and that it includes expressions of traditional Chinese cultural history that the CCP government has tried to suppress.
Shen Yun was scheduled to perform in Hong Kong in January 2010, but the event was cancelled after the government refused entry visas to Shen Yun's production crew. Attempts to shut down the show have also been reported by theatres and local governments in various countries including Ecuador, Ireland, Germany and Sweden.
In February 2020, Shen Yun was the subject of misinformation and racist rumors in Utah, which accused its dancers of spreading the coronavirus from Asia to the United States. Health officials in Utah dismissed the rumors, reminding people that the coronavirus outbreak was linked to travel from China and Shen Yun is based in the United States and banned in China.
Treatment of performers
In 2024, many news outlets reported that Shen Yun abuses and mistreats its dancers. A 2024 New York Times investigation alleged that Shen Yun routinely discouraged performers from seeking medical care for injuries and enforced grueling rehearsal and tour schedules through emotional abuse and manipulation. They report that Shen Yun recruits underage dancers and musicians to work long hours with little pay. Evan Glickman, a percussionist that travelled with Shen Yun for 2 years, stated that two-thirds of the musicians were students and "That place would not run if they had to pay real musicians, like every other organization in the country does." A violinist, Eugene Liu, started working for Shen Yun at 15 and stayed with the group for 2 years, but never made more than $300 a month despite working on over 200 shows.
Dancers were often hesitant to seek medical attention when injured or unwell, as practitioners of Falun Gong hold the belief that true adherence to their principles can enable individuals to overcome illness or injury without external intervention. Li Hongzhi, the founder of Falun Gong, played a significant role in the creation of Shen Yun. He encouraged performers to engage in meditation as a means to address injuries, suggesting that such physical issues stemmed from spiritual imbalances. As a result, some dancers continued to perform despite experiencing injuries such as dislocated kneecaps and sprained ankles, in order to avoid any perception of disloyalty to Li. On top of that, leaders of Shen Yun reportedly warned performers that leaving the organization could result in dire consequences, such as losing Li's protective guidance. Seven former performers recounted being informed that if they chose to resign from Shen Yun, they would be required to repay the costs associated with their education, housing, and living expenses provided under full scholarships, potentially amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars. They noted, however, that there was no follow-through on these repayment demands.
On its website, Shen Yun stated that 85% of its performers are adults, and that student performers receive $50,000 worth of scholarships per year to attend Shen Yun-affiliated schools that are registered with the New York State Education Department or accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
In November 2024, the New York State Department of Labor opened an investigation into Shen Yun following the New York Times's reporting. That same month, a former dancer for Shen Yun sued the group, Li and other defendants, alleging that Shen Yun is subjecting children working for it to harsh conditions, including working for long hours with little pay.
Falun Gong and Dragon Springs compound
Shen Yun operates out of Falun Gong's headquarters in the 427-acre (1.73 km) Dragon Springs compound in Deerpark, New York, where it has large rehearsal spaces. Dragon Springs is registered as a religious property under the church name Dragon Springs Buddhist. The exact financial and structural connections between Falun Gong, Shen Yun, and The Epoch Times remain unclear. According to NBC News: "The Epoch Media Group, along with Shen Yun, a dance troupe known for its ubiquitous advertising and unsettling performances, make up the outreach effort of Falun Gong, a relatively new spiritual practice that combines ancient Chinese meditative exercises, mysticism and often ultraconservative cultural worldviews. Falun Gong's founder has referred to Epoch Media Group as "our media", and the group's practice heavily informs The Epoch Times' coverage, according to former employees who spoke with NBC News. The Epoch Times, digital production company New Tang Dynasty Television, and the heavily advertised dance troupe Shen Yun make up the nonprofit network that Li calls "our media". Financial documents paint a complicated picture of more than a dozen technically separate organizations that appear to share missions, money and executives." By 2024, Shen Yun accumulated $266 million in assets mainly through ticket sales and by keeping its costs down through numerous volunteer hours and sometimes personal savings of Falun Gong adherents.
Between 2009 and 2024, The Epoch Times published 17,000 articles related to Shen Yun.
Chinese government interference
See also: Persecution of Falun GongThe Chinese government has attempted to stop the group from performing abroad by pressuring theatre managers or sending letters or e-mails to theaters in multiple countries, including Ireland, Germany, South Korea and Sweden. According to Shen Yun, the Chinese government also attempted to cancel Shen Yun's performance in Hong Kong by rejecting the entry visas of six members.
In November, 2024, a man was sentenced for acting on behalf of the Chinese government in bribing an Internal Revenue Service agent to take away Shen Yun's tax exemption status.
Symphony orchestra
In October 2012, Shen Yun's symphony orchestra made its debut performance at Carnegie Hall in New York. The performance featured conductors Milen Nachev, Keng-Wei Kuo, and Antonia Joy Wilson, and the program included both classical works such as Beethoven's Egmont Overture and Antonio Vivaldi's Concerto in C Major, as well as original compositions that fuse Chinese and Western instruments.
In 2013, the symphony orchestra toured seven American cities. In addition to Carnegie Hall, it performed at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. In 2023, the orchestra made its debut at David Geffen Hall in New York, with classical works and original compositions.
See also
References
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Further reading
- Chan, Lik Sam (2016). "Emotional duplex in the nation (de-)branding: a case study of China and Shen Yun Performing Arts". Critical Studies in Media Communication. 33 (2): 139–153. doi:10.1080/15295036.2015.1129547. S2CID 146994119.
- The traditional Chinese dance troupe China doesn't want you to see, Nicholas Hune-Brown, theguardian.com, 12 December 2017
External links
Media related to Shen Yun Performing Arts at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- "Shen Yun". Internal Revenue Service filings. ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer.
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