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{{Short description|City in the United States}}
{{redirect|Albuquerque}} {{redirect|Albuquerque}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox Settlement
{{infobox settlement
|name = City of Albuquerque
| name = Albuquerque
|nickname = <!--Note: Please do not add nickname or motto without discussing on talk page first.-->
| settlement_type = ]
|motto = <!--Note: Please do not add nickname or motto without discussing on talk page first.-->
|image_skyline = <!--Note: Please do not change image without discussing on talk page first--> Abqdowntown.jpg | image_skyline = {{Multiple image
|imagesize = 280px |align = center
|image_caption = A view of downtown Albuquerque. |border = infobox
|image_flag = Flag of Albuquerque, New Mexico.svg |perrow = 1/2/2/1/1
|total_width = 300
|image_seal = Albuquerque New Mexico logo.png
|caption_align = center
|image_map = Bernalillo_County_New_Mexico_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Albuquerque_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250px |image1 = Abqdowntown.jpg
|map_caption = Location in the state of ] |caption1 = ]
|image_map1 = |image2 = Sandia Peak Tramway Car by Anna Cummings Photography.jpg
|mapsize1 = |caption2 = ]
|map_caption1 = |image3 = Albuquerque Alvarado Transportation Building.JPG
|subdivision_type = ] |caption3 = ]
|image4 = San Felipe de Neri Church-Albuquerque.jpg|
|subdivision_type1 = ]
|subdivision_type2 = ] |caption4 = ]
|subdivision_name = ] |image5 = Rio Grande-2.jpg
|subdivision_name1 = ] |caption5 = ]
|image6 = AIBF Mass Ascent, 2007.jpg
|subdivision_name2 = ]
|government_type = ] |caption6 = ]
|leader_title = ]
|leader_name = ] <small>''' 3rd term'''</small>
|leader_title1 = City Council
|leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list
|title = Councilors
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
|1 = (Dist #1) Ken Sanchez (])
|2 = (Dist #2) Debbie O'Malley (])
|3 = (Dist #3) Isaac Benton (])
|4 = (Dist #4) Bradley "Brad" Winter (])
|5 = (Dist #5) Michael J. Cadigan (])
|6 = (Dist #6) Rey Garduño (])
|7 = (Dist #7) Sally Mayer (])
|8 = (Dist #8) Trudy Jones (])
|9 = (Dist #9) Don Harris (])
}} }}
| image_flag = Flag of Albuquerque, New Mexico.svg
|leader_title2 = ]
|leader_name2 = {{Collapsible list | seal_size = 80px
| flag_size = 120px
|title = Representatives
| flag_link = Flag of Albuquerque, New Mexico
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
| image_seal = Seal of Albuquerque, New Mexico.svg
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
| nicknames = The Duke City, ABQ, The 505, Burque, The Q.
|1 = Henry "Kiki" Saavedra (])
| motto = <!--Note: Please do not add nicknames or motto without discussing on talk page first.-->
|2 = Rick Miera (])
| image_map = {{maplink
|3 = Ernest H. Chavez (])
|frame = yes
|4 = Eleanor Chavez (])
|plain = yes
|5 = Miguel P. Garcia (])
|frame-align = center
|6 = Teresa Zanetti (])
|frame-width = 290
|7 = Antonio "Moe" Maestas (])
|frame-height = 290
|8 = Edward C. Sandoval (])
|frame-coord = {{coord|35.0850|-106.6500}}
|9 = Gail Chasey (])
|zoom = 10
|10 = Sheryl M. Williams-Stapleton (])
|type = shape
|11 = Richard J. Berry (])
|marker = city
|12 = Mimi Stewart (])
|stroke-width = 2
|13 = Kathy McCoy (])
|stroke-color = #0096FF
|14 = Eric A. Youngberg (])
|fill = #0096FF
|15 = Janice Arnold-Jones (])
|id2 = Q34804
|16 = Danice R. Picraux (])
|type2 = shape-inverse
|17 = Al Park (])
|stroke-width2 = 2
|18 = Lorenzo "Larry" Larranaga (])
|stroke-color2 = #5F5F5F
|19 = Jimmie C. Hall (])
|stroke-opacity2 = 0
|20 = ] (])
|fill2 = #000000
|21 = William Rehm (])
|fill-opacity2 = 0
}} }}
| map_caption = Interactive map of Albuquerque
|leader_title3 = ]
|leader_name3 = {{Collapsible list | pushpin_map = New Mexico#USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in New Mexico##Location in the United States
|title = State senators
| pushpin_relief = 1
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
| coordinates = {{Wikidatacoord|Q34804|region:US-NM_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
| subdivision_type = Country
|1 = John Ryan (])
|2 = ] (]) | subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_type1 = State
|3 = ] (])
| subdivision_type2 = ]
|4 = ] (])
| subdivision_type3 = ]
|5 = Eric Griego (])
| subdivision_name1 = ]
|6 = H. Diane Snyder (])
| subdivision_name2 = ]
|7 = ] (])
| subdivision_name3 = ]
|8 = Mark Boitano (])
| established_title = Founded
|9 = Sue Wilson Beffort (])
| established_date = 1706 (as Alburquerque)
|10 = William H. Payne (])
| established_title2 = ]
|11 = Kent L. Cravens (])
| established_date2 = 1891 (as Albuquerque)
|12 = Linda Lovejoy (])
| founder = ]
|13 = Joseph J. Carraro (])
| named_for = ]
|14 = ] (])
| government_type = ]
| leader_title = ]
| leader_name = ] (])
| leader_title1 = ]
| leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list
|title = Councilors
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
|1 = '''5 ],<br />4 ]'''
|2 = Louie Sánchez (])
|3 = Tammy Fiebelkorn (])
|4 = Isaac Benton (])
|5 = Dan Lewis (])
|6 = Brooke Bassan (])
|7 = Pat Davis (])
|8 = Klarissa J. Peña (])
|9 = Trudy Jones (])
|10 = Renee Grout (])
}} }}
| unit_pref = Imperial
|leader_title4 = ]
| area_total_km2 = 489.39
|leader_name4 = {{Collapsible list
| area_total_sq_mi = 194.93
|title = Representative
| area_land_km2 = 486.03
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
| area_land_sq_mi = 188.27
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
| area_water_km2 = 4.35
|1 = ] (])
| area_water_sq_mi = 1.62
| area_footnotes = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web |title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory |url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE%3D%2735%27&outFields=NAME%2CSTATE%2CPLACE%2CAREALAND%2CAREAWATER%2CLSADC%2CCENTLAT%2CCENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=October 12, 2022 |archive-date=May 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531092538/https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE%3D%2735%27&outFields=NAME%2CSTATE%2CPLACE%2CAREALAND%2CAREAWATER%2CLSADC%2CCENTLAT%2CCENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json |url-status=live }}</ref>
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft = 5312
| population_total = 564559
| population_as_of = ]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
| population_rank = ] in North America<br />] in the United States<br />] in New Mexico
| population_density_sq_mi = 3014.68
| population_density_km2 = 1163.97
| population_urban = 769,837 (])
| population_density_urban_km2 = 1,129.9
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = 2,926.3
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 23, 2021 |archive-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824081449/https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_metro = 960000 (])
| population_demonym = Albuquerquean (uncommon), Burqueño, Burqueña
| pop_est_footnotes =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_est =
| postal_code_type = ]s
| postal_code = 87101–87125, 87131,<br />87151, 87153, 87154,<br />87158, 87174, 87176,<br />87181, 87184, 87185,<br />87187, 87190–87199
| area_codes = ]
| leader_title2 = ]
| leader_name2 = {{collapsible list
|title = Representatives
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
|1 = '''13 ],<br />11 ]'''
|2 = G. Andres Romero (])
|3 = Javier Martínez (])
|4 = Patricio Ruiloba (])
|5 = Eleanor Chavez (])
|6 = Patricia Roybal Caballero (])
|7 = Miguel Garcia (])
|8 = Sarah Maestas Barnes (])
|9 = Antonio Maestas (])
|10 = Deborah Armstrong (])
|11 = Gail Chasey (])
|12 = Sheryl M. Williams-Stapleton (])
|13 = Jim Dines (])
|14 = Stephanie Maez (])
|15 = James Smith (])
|16 = Paul Pacheco (])
|17 = Conrad James (])
|18 = Christine Trujillo (])
|19 = Georgene Louis (])
|20 = Larry Larranaga (])
|21 = Jimmie C. Hall (])
|22 = David Adkins (])
|23 = Nathaniel Gentry (])
|24 = William Rehm (])
|25 = Monica Youngblood (])
}} }}
| leader_title3 = ]
|established_title = Founded
| leader_name3 = {{Collapsible list
|established_date = 1706 ''as: Albu'''''r'''''querque''
|title = State senators
|established_title2 = ]
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|established_date2 = 1891 ''as: Albuquerque''
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
|area_magnitude = 1 E9
|1 = '''1 ],<br />13 ]'''
|area_total_km2 = 469.5
|2 = ] (])
|area_total_sq_mi = 181.3
|3 = ] (])
|area_land_km2 = 467.9
|4 = ] (])
|area_land_sq_mi = 180.6
|5 = ] (])
|area_water_km2 = 1.7
|6 = ] (])
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.6
|7 = ] (])
|population_density_km2 = 1079.9
|8 = ] (])
|population_density_sq_mi = 2796.0
|9 = ] (])
|population_as_of = 2007
|10 = ] (])
|population_footnotes =
|11 = ] (])
<ref name="Census PopEst over 100,000 2007" />
|12 = ] (])
<ref name="Census PopEst MSA 2007" />
|population_total = '''518,271''' (US: ]) |13 = ] (])
|population_metro = '''845,913''' (US: ]) |14 = ] (])
}}
|population_blank1_title = ]
| leader_title4 = ]
|population_blank1 = Albuquerquean
| leader_name4 = ] (D)<br />] (D)
|population_blank2_title = ]<ref name=raceinformation>. City Data</ref>
| timezone = ]
|population_blank2 = <br>49.9% ] <br /> 39.9% ]<br /> 4.9% ] <br /> 4.3% ] <br /> 3.1% ] <br /> 0.6% ]<br /> 14.8% Others
| utc_offset = −7
|timezone = ]
| timezone_DST = ]
|utc_offset = -7
| utc_offset_DST = −6
|timezone_DST = ]
| blank_name = ]
|utc_offset_DST = -6
|postal_code_type = ](s) | blank_info = 35-02000
| blank1_name = ] feature ID
|postal_code = 87101, 87102, 87103, 87104,<br> 87105, 87106, 87107, 87108,<br> 87109, 87110, 87111, 87112,<br> 87113, 87114, 87115, 87116,<br> 87117, 87118, 87119, 87120,<br> 87121, 87122, 87123, 87124,<br> 87125, 87131, 87144, 87151,<br> 87153, 87154, 87158, 87174,<br> 87176, 87181, 87184, 87185,<br> 87187, 87190, 87191, 87192,<br> 87193, 87194, 87195, 87196,<br> 87197, 87198, 87199
| blank1_info = 2409678<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2409678 }}</ref>
|area_code = 505
| website = {{official URL}}
|latd = 35 |latm = 06 |lats = 39 |latNS = N
|longd = 106 |longm = 36 |longs = 36 |longEW = W
|elevation_m = 1619.1
|elevation_ft = 5312
|website = http://www.cabq.gov/
|blank_name = ]
|blank_info = 35-02000
|blank1_name = ] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0928679

----
|blank2_name = Primary Airport
|blank2_info = ]- <br>ABQ (Major/International)
|blank3_name = Secondary Airport
|blank3_info = ]-<br> KAEG (Public)
|footnotes =
}} }}
'''Albuquerque''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|l|b|ə|k|ɜɹ|k|i|audio=en-us-Albuquerque.ogg}} {{respell|AL|bə|kur|kee}}; {{IPA|es|alβuˈkeɾke|lang|Pronunciation of Albuquerque in Spanish.ogg}}),{{efn|Spanish also {{lang|es|Alburquerque}} {{IPA|es|alβuɾˈkeɾke||Alburquerque.ogg}}; {{langx|nv|Beeʼeldííl Dahsinil}} {{IPA|nv|peː˩ʔe˩ltiː˥l ta˩hsi˩ni˩l|}}; {{langx|kee|Arawageeki}}; {{langx|tow|Vakêêke}}; {{langx|zun|Alo:ke:k'ya}}; {{langx|apj|Gołgéeki'yé}}.}} also known as '''ABQ''', '''Burque''', the '''Duke City''', and in the past ''''the Q'''', is the ] in the U.S. state of ].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/albuquerquecitynewmexico/PST045217 |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Albuquerque city, New Mexico |website=Census Bureau QuickFacts |access-date=September 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915121930/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/albuquerquecitynewmexico/PST045217 |archive-date=September 15, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Founded in 1706 as ''{{lang|es|La Villa de Alburquerque}}'' by ] governor ], and named in honor of ] and ], it was an ] on ] linking Mexico City to the northernmost territories of ].


Located in the ], the city is flanked by the ] to the east and the ] to the west, with the ] and ] flowing north-to-south through the middle of the city.<ref name="Isolated Traveller 2021">{{cite web |date=October 6, 2021 |title=30 Interesting Facts About Albuquerque |url=https://www.isolatedtraveller.com/20-interesting-facts-about-albuquerque/ |access-date=May 17, 2022 |website=Isolated Traveller |archive-date=May 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516054336/https://www.isolatedtraveller.com/20-interesting-facts-about-albuquerque/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the ], Albuquerque had 564,559 residents,<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Albuquerque city, New Mexico |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/albuquerquecitynewmexico/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-date=June 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610123140/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/albuquerquecitynewmexico/POP010220 |url-status=live }}</ref> making it the ] in the United States and the fourth largest in the ]. The ] had 955,000 residents in 2023, and forms part of the ], which had a population of 1,162,523.<ref name="TIGERweb Redirect 2020">{{cite web |title=Combined Statistical Areas - 2020 Census - Data as of January 1, 2020 |website=TIGERweb Redirect |date=January 1, 2020 |url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/tigerwebmain/Files/bas22/tigerweb_bas22_csa_2020_tab20_us.html |access-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-date=June 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627155455/https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/tigerwebmain/Files/bas22/tigerweb_bas22_csa_2020_tab20_us.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
'''Albuquerque''' ({{pronEng|ˈælbəkɝki}}, ] {{IPA2|alβuˈkeɾke}}; known as ''Bee'eldííldahsinil'' in ]) is the largest ] in the ] of ], ]. It is the ] of ] and is situated in the central part of the state, straddling the ]. The city population was 518,271 as of July 1, 2007 ] estimates <ref name="Census PopEst over 100,000 2007">
{{cite web
|url= http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2007-01.csv
|title= Table 1: Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places Over 100,000, Ranked by July 1, 2007 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (SUB-EST2007-01)
|accessdate= 2008-07-15
|date= 2008-07-10
|publisher= US Census Bureau, Population Division
}}
</ref> and ranks as the ] city in the U.S. As of June 2007, the city was the 6th fastest growing in America.<ref name=autogenerated1></ref> With a metropolitan population of 845,913 as of July 1, 2008,<ref name="Census PopEst MSA 2007">
{{cite web
|url= http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/tables/2008/CBSA-EST2008-01.xls
|title= Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008
|accessdate= 2008-07-15
|date= 2008-03-27
|publisher= US Census Bureau, Population Division
}}
</ref> Albuquerque is the ] ]. The ] population includes the city of ], one of the fastest growing cities in the United States<!-- Citation Needed -->.


Albuquerque is a hub for technology, fine arts, and ].<ref name="Shankland 2021">{{cite web |last=Shankland |first=Stephen |title=Intel investing $3.5B in New Mexico fab upgrade, boosting US chipmaking |website=CNET |date=May 3, 2021 |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/intel-investing-3-5b-in-new-mexico-fab-upgrade-boosting-us-chipmaking/ |access-date=May 17, 2022 }}</ref><ref name="ABQ Film Office 2010">{{cite web |title=Making Movies in the 505 |website=ABQ Film Office |date=January 1, 2010 |url=https://www.abqfilmoffice.com/ |access-date=May 17, 2022 }}</ref> It is home to several ],<ref name="City of Albuquerque Historic Landmarks">{{cite web |title=Historic Landmarks |website=City of Albuquerque |date=March 14, 2022 |url=https://www.cabq.gov/planning/boards-commissions/landmarks-commission/historic-landmarks |access-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-date=May 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524100953/https://www.cabq.gov/planning/boards-commissions/landmarks-commission/historic-landmarks |url-status=live }}</ref> the ], the ], the ], the ], and a diverse ], which features both ] and ].<ref name="Food Com 2018">{{cite web |title=An Albuquerque Appetite: Where to Eat in New Mexico's Biggest City |website=Food Com |date=May 24, 2018 |url=https://www.foodnetwork.com/restaurants/photos/restaurant-guide-albuquerque |access-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517160110/https://www.foodnetwork.com/restaurants/photos/restaurant-guide-albuquerque |url-status=live }}</ref>
Albuquerque is home to the ] (UNM), ] and the ] and ]. The ] run along the eastern side of Albuquerque, and the ] flows through the city, north to south.


{{toclimit|3}}
== History ==
=== Early settlers ===
<!-- Deleted image removed: ] -->
The city was founded in 1706 as the ] colonial outpost of ''Ranchos de Alburquerque''; present-day Albuquerque retains much of the Spanish cultural and historical heritage.


==History==
Albuquerque was a farming community and strategically located military outpost along the ]. The town of Alburquerque was built in the traditional Spanish village pattern: a central plaza surrounded by government buildings, homes, and a church. This central plaza area has been preserved and is open to the public as a museum, cultural area, and center of commerce. It is referred to as "Old Town Albuquerque" or simply "Old Town." "Old Town" was sometimes referred to as "La Placita" ("little plaza" in Spanish).
{{Main|History of Albuquerque, New Mexico}}
{{For timeline}}


] carved into basalt in the western part of the city bear testimony to a Native American presence in the area dating back many centuries.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 20, 2021 |title=What are Petroglyphs |url=https://www.nps.gov/petr/learn/historyculture/what.htm |access-date=June 19, 2024 |website=National Park Service |archive-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619160738/https://www.nps.gov/petr/learn/historyculture/what.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> These are preserved in the ].
The village was named by the provincial governor Don Francisco Cuervo y Valdes in honour of Don ], viceroy of ] from 1653 to 1660. One of de la Cueva's aristocratic titles was Duke of Alburquerque, referring to ]. The first "r" in "Alburquerque" was dropped at some point in the 19th century, supposedly by an ] railroad station-master unable to pronounce the city's name correctly. Some New Mexicans still prefer the spelling ''Alburquerque''; see for example the book by that name by ]. In the 1990s, the Central Avenue Trolley Buses were emblazoned with the name ''Alburquerque'' (with two "r"s) in honor of the city's historic name. {{Fact|date=August 2008}}


The ] and ] peoples had lived along the Rio Grande for centuries before European colonists arrived in the area that developed as Albuquerque. By the 1500s, there were around 20 ] pueblos along a {{convert|60|mi|km|adj=on}} stretch of river from present-day ] to the ] confluence south of ]. Of these, 12 or 13 were densely clustered near present-day ], and the remainder were spread out to the south.<ref name=barrett>{{cite book |last1=Barrett |first1=Elinore M. |title=Conquest and Catastrophe: Changing Rio Grande Pueblo Settlement Patterns in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries |date=2002 |publisher=UNM Press |location=Albuquerque |isbn=9780826324139 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rLAICgAAQBAJ |access-date=September 25, 2017 |language=en |via=Google Books }}</ref>
The Alburquerque family name dates from pre-12th century Iberia (Spain and Portugal) and is habitational in nature (de Alburquerque = from Alburquerque). The Spanish village of ] is within the ] province of Spain, and located just fifteen miles (24&nbsp;km) from the Portuguese border. Cork trees dominate the landscape and Alburquerque is a center of the Spanish cork industry.<ref>James J. Parsons. The Cork Oak Forests and the Evolution of the Cork Industry in Southern Spain and Portugal. 1962. Clark University</ref> Over the years, this region has been alternately under both Spanish and Portuguese rule. (It is interesting to note that the Portuguese spelling has only one 'r'). Historically, the land around Alburquerque was invaded and settled by the Moors (711 AD) and the Romans (218 BC) before them. Thus, the word Alburquerque may be rooted in the Arabic (Moorish) 'Abu al-Qurq', which means "father of the cork oak", or "land of the cork oak" (the land as father - fatherland). Alternately, it may be Latin (Roman) in origin and from 'albus quercus' or "white oak" (the wood of the cork oak is white after the bark has been removed). The seal of the Spanish village of Alburquerque is a white oak tree, framed by a shield, topped by a crown.<ref>Brochure "Alburquerque: Villa Medieval" Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Alburquerque and Banco Bilbao Vizcaya. 2006</ref>


Two Tiwa ] lie on the outskirts of present-day Albuquerque. Both have been continuously inhabited for many centuries: ] was founded in the 14th century,<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Sandia Pueblo |work=Sandia Pueblo website |publisher=Pueblo of Sandia |year=2006 |url=http://www.sandiapueblo.nsn.us/history.html |access-date=January 17, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102031937/http://www.sandiapueblo.nsn.us/history.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=January 2, 2008 }}</ref> and ] is documented in written records since the early 17th century. It was then chosen as the site of the ], a ].
<!-- Need to have something about the 1800s to 1850s, the war against Mexico to occupy these territories. -->
During the ] Albuquerque was occupied in February 1862 by ] troops under General ], who soon afterwards advanced with his main body into northern New Mexico. During his retreat from ] troops into ] he made a stand on April 8, 1862 at Albuquerque. A day-long engagement at long range led to few casualties against a detachment of Union soldiers commanded by Colonel ].


The historic ], ], and ] peoples were likely to have set camps in the Albuquerque area, as there is evidence of trade and cultural exchange among the different Native American groups going back centuries before European arrival.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Seymour |first1=Deni |title=From the Land of Ever Winter to the American Southwest |date=2012 |publisher=University of Utah Press }}</ref>
When the ] arrived in 1880, it bypassed the Plaza, locating the passenger depot and railyards about <span style="white-space:nowrap">2&nbsp;miles&nbsp;(3&nbsp;km)</span> east in what quickly became known as New Albuquerque or New Town. To quell its then rising violent crime rate, ] ] was appointed the town's first ] that same year. New Albuquerque was incorporated as a town in 1885, with ] its first mayor, and incorporated as a city in 1891.<ref name="Simmons">{{cite book | last = Simmons | first = Marc | title = Albuquerque | publisher = University of New Mexico Press | location = Albuquerque | year = 1982 | isbn = 0826306276 }}</ref>{{Rp|232–233}} Old Town remained a separate community until the 1920s when it was absorbed by the City of Albuquerque. ], the city's first public high school, was established in 1879.
], ]]]
Albuquerque was founded in 1706 as an outpost as ''La Villa de Alburquerque'' by ] in the provincial kingdom of ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=About – Albuquerque Historical Society |url=http://albuqhistsoc.org/who-we-are/ |website=Albuquerque Historical Society |access-date=January 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219010115/http://albuqhistsoc.org/who-we-are/ |archive-date=December 19, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> The settlement was named after the original town of Viceroy ], 10th ], who was from ] in southwest Spain.


Albuquerque developed primarily for farming and sheep herds. It was a strategically located trading and military outpost along the ]. It served other ] and ] towns settled in the area, such as ], ], ], ], and ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nmallstar.com/albuquerque_visitor_information.html |title=History |publisher=Nmallstar.com |access-date=February 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325201851/http://www.nmallstar.com/albuquerque_visitor_information.html#Albuquerques |archive-date=March 25, 2012 }}</ref>
=== Early 20th Century ===
]
New Albuquerque quickly became a tidy southwestern town which by 1900 boasted a population of 8,000 inhabitants and all the modern amenities including an electric street railway connecting Old Town, New Town, and the recently established ] campus on the East Mesa. In 1902 the famous Alvarado Hotel was built adjacent to the new passenger depot and remained a symbol of the city until it was torn down in 1970 to make room for a parking lot. In 2002, the ] was built on the site in a manner resembling the old landmark. The large metro station functions as the downtown headquarters for the city's transit department, and serves as an intermodal hub for local buses, ] buses, ] passenger trains, and the ] commuter rail line.


After gaining independence in 1821, Mexico established a military presence here. The town of Alburquerque was built in the traditional Spanish villa pattern: a central ] surrounded by government buildings, homes, and a church. This central plaza area has been preserved and is open to the public as a cultural area and center of commerce. It is referred to as "]" or simply "Old Town". Historically it was sometimes referred to as "La Placita" (''Little Plaza'' in Spanish). On the north side of Old Town Plaza is ]. Built in 1793, it is one of the oldest surviving buildings in the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stoppingpoints.com/nm/Bernalillo/San+Felipe+de+Neri+Church.html |author=New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs, Historic Preservation Division |title=San Felipe de Neri Church Historical Marker |access-date=December 5, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513010127/http://www.stoppingpoints.com/nm/Bernalillo/San+Felipe+de+Neri+Church.html |archive-date=May 13, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
New Mexico's dry climate brought many ] patients to the city in search of a cure during the early 1900s, and several sanitaria sprang up on the ] to serve them. Presbyterian Hospital and St. Joseph Hospital, two of the largest hospitals in the Southwest, had their beginnings during this period. Influential ]-era governor ] and famed southwestern architect ] were among those brought to New Mexico by tuberculosis.


After the New Mexico Territory became a part of the United States in the mid-19th century, a federal garrison and quartermaster depot, the Post of Albuquerque, were established here, operating from 1846 to 1867. In ''Beyond the Mississippi'' (1867), ], traveling to California via coach, passed through Albuquerque in late October 1859—its population was 3,000 at the time—and described it as "one of the richest and pleasantest towns, with a Spanish cathedral and other buildings more than two hundred years old."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Richardson |first=Albert D. |title=Beyond the Mississippi: From the Great River to the Great Ocean |publisher=American Publishing Co. |year=1867 |location=Hartford, Conn. |pages=249 }}</ref>
=== Decades of growth ===


During the ], Albuquerque was occupied for a month in February 1862 by ] troops under General ]. He soon afterward advanced with his main body into northern New Mexico.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} During his retreat from ] troops into ], he made a stand on April 8, 1862, and fought the ] against a detachment of Union soldiers commanded by Colonel ]. This daylong engagement at long range led to few casualties. The residents of Albuquerque aided the Republican Union to rid the city of the occupying Confederate troops.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
On June 2007 Albuquerque was listed as the 6th fastest growing city in America by CNN and the US Census Bureau.<ref name=autogenerated1 />


]
The first travelers on ] appeared in Albuquerque in 1926, and before long, dozens of motels, restaurants, and gift shops had sprung up along the roadside to serve them. Route 66 originally ran through the city on a north-south alignment along Fourth Street, but in 1937 it was realigned along ], a more direct east-west route. The intersection of Fourth and Central downtown was the principal crossroads of the city for decades. The majority of the surviving structures from the Route 66 era are on Central, though there are also some on Fourth. Signs between ] and ] along the old route now have brown, historical highway markers denoting it as ''Pre-1937 Route 66.''


When the ] arrived in 1880, it bypassed the Plaza, locating the passenger depot and railyards about <span style="white-space:nowrap">2&nbsp;miles&nbsp;(3&nbsp;km)</span> east in what quickly became known as New Albuquerque or New Town. The railway company built a hospital for its workers that was later used as a juvenile psychiatric facility. It has since been converted to a hotel.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Galloway |first1=Lindsey |title=A hospital turned hotel in New Mexico |url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20130520-a-hospital-turned-hotel-in-new-mexico |publisher=BBC Travel |access-date=July 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170511180757/http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20130520-a-hospital-turned-hotel-in-new-mexico |archive-date=May 11, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
The establishment of ] in 1939, Sandia Base in the early 1940s, and ] in 1949, would make Albuquerque a key player of the Atomic Age. Meanwhile, the city continued to expand outward onto the West Mesa, reaching a population of 201,189 by 1960. In 1990 it was 384,736 and in 2007 it was 518,271.


Many Anglo merchants, mountain men, and settlers slowly filtered into Albuquerque, creating a major mercantile commercial center in ]. From this commercial center on July 4, 1882, ] became the first to fly a balloon in Albuquerque with a landing at Old Town.<ref name="Fogel">{{Cite book |last=Fogel |first=Gary |title=Sky Rider: Park Van Tassel and the Rise of Ballooning in the West |publisher=University of New Mexico Press |location=Albuquerque |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-8263-6282-7 }}</ref> This was the first balloon flight in the New Mexico Territory.
Albuquerque's downtown entered the same phase and development (decline, "urban renewal" with continued decline, and gentrification) as nearly every city across the United States. As Albuquerque spread outward, the downtown area fell into a decline. Many historic buildings were razed in the 1960s and 1970s to make way for new plazas, high-rises, and parking lots as part of the city's urban renewal phase. Only recently has downtown come to regain much of its urban character, mainly through the construction of many new loft apartment buildings and the renovation of historic structures like the ], in the ] phase.


Due to a rising rate of violent crime, gunman ] was appointed the town's first marshal that year. New Albuquerque was incorporated as a town in 1885, with Henry N. Jaffa its first mayor. It was incorporated as a city in 1891.<ref name="Simmons">{{Cite book |last=Simmons |first=Marc |title=Albuquerque |publisher=University of New Mexico Press |location=Albuquerque |year=1982 |isbn=0-8263-0627-6 }}</ref>{{Rp|232–233}}
=== New millennium ===
During the 21st century, the Albuquerque population has continued to grow rapidly. The population of the city proper is estimated at 518,271 in 2007, up from 448,607 in the 2000 census.<ref name="Census PopEst over 100,000 2007" /> The metropolitan area population is estimated at 835,120 in 2007, up from 729,649 in the 2000 census. <ref name="Census PopEst MSA 2007" />


Old Town remained a separate community until the 1920s, when it was absorbed by Albuquerque. ], the city's first public high school, was established in 1879. ], a ] synagogue established in 1897, by Henry N. Jaffa, who was also the city's first mayor, is the oldest continuing Jewish organization in the city.<ref name="congregationalbert.org">{{cite web |title=Our History |website=Congregation Albert |date=April 7, 1902 |url=https://www.congregationalbert.org/history |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526083553/https://www.congregationalbert.org/history |archive-date=May 26, 2024 |url-status=live }}</ref>
During 2005 and 2006, the city celebrated its tricentennial with a diverse program of cultural events.
], built in 1914. Victorian and Gothic styles were used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.|alt=|left]]


By 1900, Albuquerque boasted a population of 8,000 and all the modern amenities, including an electric street railway connecting Old Town, New Town, and the recently established University of New Mexico campus on the East Mesa.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} In 1902, the ] was built adjacent to the new passenger depot, and it remained a famous symbol of the city for decades.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1969 |title=The Alvarado Hotel |url=https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1658&context=nma |work=New Mexico Architect |pages=20–23 |via=University of New Mexico |archive-date=August 20, 2024 |access-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820041409/https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1658&context=nma |url-status=live }}</ref> Outdated, it was razed in 1970 and the site was converted to a parking lot.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1970 |title=The Alvarado Hotel |url=https://wheelsmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/The-Alvarado-Hotel.pdf |access-date=June 19, 2024 |work=New Mexico Architect |pages=16–19 |via=Wheels Museum }}</ref>
=== Urban trends and issues ===
Government leaders and many citizens in the city have actively pursued urban projects taken on by cities many times larger{{Fact|date=August 2008}}. This has resulted in the somewhat successful revitalization of downtown, creating restaurants, offices, and residential lofts. The strip of Central Avenue between First and Eighth streets has become a hub of urban life. Alvarado provides convenient access to other parts of the city via ] the city bus system. The city wants to provide better public transportation opportunities to ease the city's growing traffic woes. A street car is being considered and would initially extend up the Central Avenue corridor from the westside, through downtown, past UNM and the Nob Hill district, and into the Uptown Area.<ref></ref>


In 2002, the ] was built on the site in a style resembling the old landmark. The large metro station functions as the downtown headquarters for the city's transit department. It also is an intermodal hub for local buses, ] buses, ] passenger trains, and the ] commuter rail line.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
Many citizens fear Albuquerque may be growing beyond its means. A majority of residents want to avoid increasing crime and traffic, worsening air quality, stressing water supplies, and encroaching on the natural environment. Many feel these are the negative consequences of persistent sprawl development patterns.{{Fact|date=June 2008}}


In the early days of transcontinental air service, Albuquerque was an important stop on many transcontinental air routes, earning it the nickname "Crossroads of the Southwest".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://kirtland.baseguide.net/history.html |title=Kirtland AFB Guide/Directory - History |website=kirtland.baseguide.net |access-date=July 2, 2023 |archive-date=July 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702014927/http://kirtland.baseguide.net/history.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
On March 23, 2007, the city's mayor ] announced his plan to brand the city "]". Despite various opinions as to what the city's nickname should be, Mayor Chavez is continuing to push his initiative.


During the early 20th century, New Mexico's dry climate attracted many ] patients to the city in search of a cure;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Health reports progress against tuberculosis in New Mexico |url=https://www.nmhealth.org/news/awareness/2021/3/?view=1420 |access-date=December 10, 2024 |website=www.nmhealth.org |archive-date=July 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240723045005/https://www.nmhealth.org/news/awareness/2021/3/?view=1420 |url-status=live }}</ref> this was before penicillin was found to be effective. Several sanitaria were developed on the ] for TB patients. Presbyterian Hospital and St. Joseph Hospital, two of the largest hospitals in the Southwest, had their beginnings during this period. Influential ]–era governor ] and famed Southwestern architect ] were among those who came to New Mexico seeking recovery from TB.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
], "I am from Burque", is one response to the mayor's vision of a "hip" reincarnation".<ref></ref> This group of Albuquerque’s residents feels it is unnecessary to spend taxpayer money to hire marketing companies to brand their city with a more palatable nickname, recognizing the city already has a brand and nickname. This selling of a city’s ] to marketing and advertising firms to brand and sell has been dubbed by ] as culture branding. One central issue to their response is the branding campaign was never voted on, but rather declared by Mayor Chavez,<ref></ref> and ]d to marketing and advertising firms.
The passage of the Planned Growth Strategy in 2002-2004 marked the community's strongest effort to create a framework for a more balanced and sustainable approach to urban growth.<ref></ref>


], built in 1915, is one of downtown Albuquerque's many historic buildings|alt=|left]]
"A critical finding of the study is that many of the 'disconnects' between the public's preferences and what actually is taking place are caused by weak or non-existent implementation tools - rather than by inadequate policies, as contained in the City/County Comprehensive Plan and other already adopted legislation."


The first travelers on ] appeared in Albuquerque in 1926. Soon dozens of motels, restaurants, and gift shops sprouted along the roadside. Route 66 originally ran through the city on a north–south alignment along Fourth Street. In 1937 it was realigned along ], a more direct east–west route.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} The intersection of Fourth and Central downtown was the principal crossroads of the city for decades. The majority of the surviving structures from the Route 66 era are on Central, though there are also some on Fourth. Signs between Bernalillo and Los Lunas along the old route now have brown, historical highway markers denoting it as ''Pre-1937 Route 66.''{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
Urban sprawl is limited on three sides by the ] of Sandia to the north, the Pueblo of Isleta and ] to the south, and the ] to the east. Suburban growth continues at a strong pace to the west beyond the Petroglyph National Monument, once thought to be a natural boundary to sprawl development.<ref></ref>


The establishment of ] in 1939, ] in the early 1940s, and ] in 1949, would make Albuquerque a key player of the Atomic Age. Meanwhile, the city continued to expand outward into the Northeast Heights, reaching a population of 201,189 by 1960 per the U.S. Census.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-and-housing-phc-1/41953654v1ch2.pdf |title=U.S. Census of Population and Housing: 1960. Census Tracts. |date=1961 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |series=Final Report PHC(1)-4. |location=Washington, D.C. |pages=13 |archive-date=June 19, 2024 |access-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619163207/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-and-housing-phc-1/41953654v1ch2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
Because of cheaper land and lower taxes, much of the growth in the metropolitan area is taking place outside of the City of Albuquerque itself. In Rio Rancho to the northwest, the communities east of the mountains, and the incorporated parts of ], population growth rates approach twice that of the city. The primary cities in Valencia County are ] and ], both of which are home to growing industrial complexes and new residential subdivisions. The ] (MRCOG), which includes constituents from throughout the Albuquerque area, was formed to insure that these governments along the middle Rio Grande would be able to meet the needs of their rapidly rising populations. MRCOG's cornerstone project is the ].

By 1990, it was 384,736 and in 2007 it was 518,271. In June 2007, Albuquerque was listed as the sixth fastest-growing city in the United States.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{Cite news |author=Les Christie |url=https://money.cnn.com/2007/06/27/real_estate/fastest_growing_cities/ |title=The fastest growing U.S. cities&nbsp;– June 28, 2007 |publisher=CNN |date=June 28, 2007 |access-date=May 9, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404170946/http://money.cnn.com/2007/06/27/real_estate/fastest_growing_cities/ |archive-date=April 4, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1990, the ] reported Albuquerque's population as 34.5% Hispanic and 58.3% non-Hispanic white.<ref name="census1">{{cite web |title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=April 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912052919/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=September 12, 2008 }}</ref>

On April 11, 1950, a USAF ] carrying a ] crashed into a mountain near ].<ref>{{cite web |author=Tiwari J, Gray CJ |title=U.S. Nuclear Weapons Accidents |url=http://www.cdi.org/Issues/NukeAccidents/accidents.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423145613/http://www.cdi.org/issues/nukeaccidents/accidents.htm |archive-date=April 23, 2012 }}</ref> On May 22, 1957, a B-36 accidentally dropped a ] 4.5 miles from the control tower while landing at ]. Only the conventional trigger detonated, as the bomb was unarmed. These incidents were not reported as they were classified as secret for decades.<ref>Adler, Les. {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515060717/http://www.hkhinc.com/newmexico/albuquerque/doomsday/ |date=May 15, 2019 }} ''Albuquerque Tribune''. January 20, 1994.</ref>

Following the end of ], population shifts as well as suburban development, ] and gentrification, Albuquerque's downtown entered a period of decline. Many historic buildings were razed in the 1960s and 1970s to make way for new plazas, high-rises, and parking lots as part of the city's urban renewal phase.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} {{as of|2010}}, only recently has Downtown Albuquerque come to regain much of its urban character,{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} mainly through the construction of many new loft apartment buildings and the renovation of historic structures such as the ].

During the 21st century, Albuquerque's population has continued to grow rapidly. The population of the city proper was estimated at 564,559 in 2020,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Albuquerque_city,_New_Mexico?g=160XX00US3502000 |access-date=November 7, 2024 |website=data.census.gov |archive-date=November 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241108214453/https://data.census.gov/profile/Albuquerque_city,_New_Mexico?g=160XX00US3502000 |url-status=live }}</ref> 528,497 in 2009, and 448,607 in the 2000 census.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Erick |last=Siermers |title=Managing Albuquerque's growth |url=http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2007/sep/17/albuquerque-metro-area-population-projected-reach-/ |date=September 17, 2007 |access-date=September 17, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100222005227/http://abqtrib.com/news/2007/sep/17/albuquerque-metro-area-population-projected-reach-/ |archive-date=February 22, 2010 }}</ref> During 2005 and 2006, the city celebrated its tricentennial with a diverse program of cultural events.

The passage of the Planned Growth Strategy in 2002–2004 was the community's strongest effort to create a framework for a more balanced and sustainable approach to urban growth.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/pgs.html |title=Planned Growth Strategy |publisher=Cabq.gov |date=March 19, 2007 |access-date=July 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517213447/http://www.cabq.gov/council/pgs.html |archive-date=May 17, 2008 }}</ref>

Urban sprawl is limited on three sides—by the ] to the north, the ] and Kirtland Air Force Base to the south, and the Sandia Mountains to the east. Suburban growth continues at a strong pace to the west, beyond the Petroglyph National Monument, once thought to be a natural boundary to sprawl development.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/petr/ |title=Petroglyph National Monument |publisher=Nps.gov |date=June 10, 2010 |access-date=July 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828110802/http://www.nps.gov/petr/ |archive-date=August 28, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Because of less-costly land and lower taxes, much of the growth in the metropolitan area is taking place outside of the city of Albuquerque itself. In Rio Rancho to the northwest, the communities east of the mountains, and the incorporated parts of ], population growth rates approach twice that of Albuquerque. The primary cities in Valencia County are ] and ], both of which are home to growing industrial complexes and new residential subdivisions. The mountain towns of ], ], and ], while close enough to Albuquerque to be considered suburbs, have experienced much less growth compared to Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Los Lunas, and Belen. Limited water supply and rugged terrain are the main limiting factors for development in these towns. The ] (MRCOG), which includes constituents from throughout the Albuquerque area, was formed to ensure that these governments along the middle Rio Grande would be able to meet the needs of their rapidly rising populations. MRCOG's cornerstone project is currently the ].{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}


==Geography== ==Geography==
]
]
According to the ], Albuquerque has a total area of <span style="white-space:nowrap">181.3&nbsp;square miles&nbsp;(469.6&nbsp;km²)</span>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">180.6&nbsp;square miles&nbsp;(467.8&nbsp;km²)</span> of it is land and <span style="white-space:nowrap">0.6&nbsp;square miles&nbsp;(1.6&nbsp;km²)</span> of it (0.35%) is water. The metro area has over {{convert|1000|sqmi|km2}} developed.{{Fact|date=January 2009}}


]
Albuquerque lies within the northern, upper edges of the ] ecoregion, based on long-term patterns of climate, associations of plants and wildlife, and landforms, including drainage patterns. Located in central New Mexico, the city also has noticeable influences from the adjacent ] Semi-Desert, Arizona-New Mexico Mountains, and Southwest Plateaus and Plains Steppe ecoregions, depending on where one is located. Its main geographic connection lies with southern New Mexico, while culturally, Albuquerque is a crossroads of most of New Mexico.
]
Albuquerque is located in north-central New Mexico. To its east are the ]. The ] flows north to south through its center, while the ] and ] make up the western part of the city. Albuquerque has one of the highest elevations of any major city in the U.S., ranging from {{convert|4,900|ft|m}} ] near the ] to over {{convert|6,700|ft|m}} in the foothill areas of ] and Glenwood Hills. The civic apex is found in an undeveloped area within the Albuquerque Open Space; there, the terrain rises to an elevation of approximately {{convert|6,880|ft|m}}, and the metropolitan area's highest point is ] at an altitude of {{convert|10,678|ft|m}}.


According to the ], Albuquerque has a total area of <span style="white-space:nowrap">{{convert|490.9|sqkm|order=flip}}</span>, of which <span style="white-space:nowrap">{{convert|486.2|km2|order=flip}}</span> is land and <span style="white-space:nowrap">{{convert|4.7|km2|order=flip}}</span>, or 0.96%, is water.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3502000 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212191210/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3502000 |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Albuquerque city, New Mexico |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder |access-date=January 27, 2014 }}</ref>
Albuquerque has one of the highest elevations of any major city in the United States, though the effects of this are greatly tempered by its southwesterly continental position. The elevation of the city ranges from <span style="white-space:nowrap">4,900&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(1,490&nbsp;m)</span> above sea level near the Rio Grande (in the Valley) to over <span style="white-space:nowrap">6,700&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(1,950&nbsp;m)</span> in the foothill areas of Sandia Heights and Glenwood Hills. At the airport, the elevation is <span style="white-space:nowrap">5,352&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(1,631&nbsp;m)</span> above sea level.


The Rio Grande is classified, like the ], as an 'exotic' river because it flows through a desert. The New Mexico portion of the Rio Grande lies within the ] Valley, bordered by a system of ]s, including those that lifted up the adjacent Sandia and ], while lowering the area where the life-sustaining Rio Grande now flows. Albuquerque lies within the fertile ] with its ] forest, in the center of the ], flanked on the eastern side by the ] and to the west by the ].<ref name=lcalabre>
{{cite web |title=Vegetation & The Environment in NM |url=http://www.unm.edu/~lcalabre/project/ |author=Laura Calabrese |publisher=University of New Mexico |access-date=July 24, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211155214/http://www.unm.edu/~lcalabre/project/ |archive-date=December 11, 2013 }}</ref><ref name=ausherman>{{cite book |title=60 Hikes Within 60 Miles: Albuquerque: Including Santa Fe, Mount Taylor, and San Lorenzo Canyon |edition=2nd |author=Stephen Ausherman |publisher=Menasha Ridge Press |year=2012 |isbn=9780897326001 |page=288 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MGAAynl9q0kC&pg=PA288 |access-date=November 12, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204194401/https://books.google.com/books?id=MGAAynl9q0kC&pg=PA288&lpg=PA288 |archive-date=February 4, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Located in central New Mexico, the city also has noticeable influences from the adjacent ] semi-desert, New Mexico Mountains forested with juniper and pine, and Southwest plateaus and plains steppe ecoregions, depending on where one is located.


===Landforms and drainage===
Albuquerque is located at {{coord|35|6|39|N|106|36|36|W|city}} (35.110703, -106.609991).{{GR|1}}
Albuquerque has one of the highest and most varied elevations of any major city in the United States, though the effects of this are greatly tempered by its southwesterly continental position.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024|reason=Specifically for effect of southwestern continental position.}} The elevation of the city ranges from <span style="white-space:nowrap">4,949&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(1,508&nbsp;m)</span> ] near the Rio Grande<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rio Grande at Albuquerque, NM - USGS Water Data for the Nation |url=https://waterdata.usgs.gov/monitoring-location/08330000/all-graphs/#period=P7D |access-date=June 19, 2024 |website=waterdata.usgs.gov |archive-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619162242/https://waterdata.usgs.gov/monitoring-location/08330000/all-graphs/#period=P7D |url-status=live }}</ref> (in the Valley) to <span style="white-space:nowrap">6,165&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(1,879&nbsp;m)</span> in the foothill areas of ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geographic Names Information System |url=https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/gaz-record/2584202 |access-date=June 19, 2024 |website=edits.nationalmap.gov |archive-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619162241/https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/gaz-record/2584202 |url-status=live }}</ref> At the ], the elevation is <span style="white-space:nowrap">5,355&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(1,632&nbsp;m)</span> above sea level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Facts & Figures |url=https://www.abqsunport.com/facts-figures/#:~:text=sunport%20facilities&text=ABQ's%20elevation%20is%205%2C355%20feet,106%20degrees%2C%2037%20minutes%20West. |access-date=June 19, 2024 |website=Albuquerque International Sunport |archive-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619162251/https://www.abqsunport.com/facts-figures/#:~:text=sunport%20facilities&text=ABQ's%20elevation%20is%205%2C355%20feet,106%20degrees%2C%2037%20minutes%20West. |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Rio Grande is classified, like the ], as an "exotic" river. The New Mexico portion of the Rio Grande lies within the ] Valley, bordered by a system of ]s, including those that lifted up the adjacent ] and ], while lowering the area where the life-sustaining Rio Grande now flows.{{citation needed|date=November 2024}}

===Geology and Ecology===

{{main|Albuquerque Basin}}
Albuquerque lies in the ], a portion of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/resources/water/projects/Albuquerque_basin.html |title=Albuquerque Basin |publisher=The New Mexico Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources |access-date=September 28, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107124156/http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/resources/water/projects/Albuquerque_basin.html |archive-date=November 7, 2012 }}</ref>
The ] are the predominant geographic feature visible in Albuquerque. ''Sandía'' is Spanish for "]", and is popularly believed to be a reference to the brilliant pink and green coloration of the mountains at sunset. The pink is due to large exposures of ] cliffs, and the green is due to large swaths of ] forests. However, Robert Julyan notes in ''The Place Names of New Mexico'', "the most likely explanation is the one believed by the ] Indians: the Spaniards, when they encountered the Pueblo in 1540, called it Sandia, because they thought the squash growing there were watermelons, and the name Sandia soon was transferred to the mountains east of the pueblo."<ref name="julyan">Robert Julyan, ''The Place Names of New Mexico'' (revised edition), UNM Press, 1998.</ref> He also notes that the Sandia Pueblo Indians call the mountain ''Bien Mur'', "Big Mountain."<ref name="julyan"/>

Albuquerque lies at the northern edge of the ] transitioning into the ]. The Sandia Mountains represent the northern edge of the ].

The environments of Albuquerque include the Rio Grande ], (floodplain cottonwood forest), arid scrub, and mesas that turn into the Sandia foothills in the east. The Rio Grande's bosque has been significantly reduced and its natural flood cycle disrupted by dams built further upstream. A corridor of bosque surrounding the river within the city has been preserved as ].
]
A few remaining natural arroyos provide riparian habitat within the city, though natural ] draining into the Rio Grande have largely been replaced with concrete channels. After a series of floods in the 1950s, passage of the "Arroyo Flood Control Act of 1963" provided for the construction of a series of concrete diversion channels.<ref name="AMAFCA">{{cite book |last1=Swinburne |first1=Bernard H. |title=Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority |date=July 1974 |publisher=Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority |location=Albuquerque |pages=6–8 |url=https://amafca.org/documents/AMAFCABrochureweb.pdf |access-date=October 1, 2024 |archive-date=October 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001005353/https://amafca.org/documents/AMAFCABrochureweb.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The network of channels was built by the Army Corps of Engineers during the 1960s and early 1970s.<ref name="AMAFCA" />

Iconic urban wildlife includes the ], ], ], and ] lizard. The bosque is a popular destination for wildlife viewing, with opportunities to see ] and ]s in the winter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=City of Albuquerque Critters |url=https://www.cabq.gov/parksandrecreation/open-space/city-of-albuquerque-critters |access-date=March 20, 2024 |website=City of Albuquerque |language=en |archive-date=March 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320052718/https://www.cabq.gov/parksandrecreation/open-space/city-of-albuquerque-critters |url-status=live }}</ref> ] are common in city parks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 6, 2019 |title=Cooper's hawk population booming in Albuquerque |url=https://www.krqe.com/news/albuquerque-metro/coopers-hawk-population-booming-in-albuquerque/ |access-date=March 20, 2024 |website=KRQE NEWS 13 - Breaking News, Albuquerque News, New Mexico News, Weather, and Videos |language=en-US }}</ref>

Iconic vegetation includes the ] in the bosque, and ], ], ], ], and ] in upland areas. The foothill open space at the eastern border also features ] and ]. ]s are commonly planted throughout the city. ] are a common weed in disturbed areas, and are used by the city to make an annual holiday snowman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAFCA Tumbleweed Snowman |url=https://amafca.org/snowman-tumbleweed/ |access-date=March 20, 2024 |website=AMAFCA |language=en-US |archive-date=March 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320052719/https://amafca.org/snowman-tumbleweed/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Cityscape===

{{wide image|Albuquerque_pano_sunset.jpg|1500px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of the city of Albuquerque looking east}}

] upper terminal</div>]]

====Quadrants====

Albuquerque is geographically divided into four unequal ] that are officially part of mailing addresses, placed immediately after the street name. They are Northeast (NE), Northwest (NW), Southeast (SE), and Southwest (SW). Albuquerque's official quadrant system uses Central Ave for the north–south division and the railroad tracks for the east–west division. I-25 and I-40 are also sometimes used informally to divide the city into quadrants.

=====Northeast=====

This quadrant has been experiencing a housing expansion since the late 1950s. It abuts the base of the Sandia Mountains and contains portions of the foothills neighborhoods, which are significantly higher in elevation than the rest of the city. Running from Central Ave and the ] tracks to the ], this is the largest quadrant both geographically and by population. Martineztown, the ], ], the Uptown area, which includes three shopping malls (], ABQ Uptown, and ]), Hoffmantown, Journal Center, and ] are all in this quadrant.

Some of the most affluent neighborhoods in the city are here, including: ], Tanoan, Sandia Heights, and North Albuquerque Acres. Parts of Sandia Heights and North Albuquerque Acres are outside the city limits proper. A few houses in the farthest reach of this quadrant lie in the ], just over the line into ].

=====Northwest=====

] in Downtown]]

This quadrant contains historic ], which dates to the 18th century, as well as the ]. The area has a mixture of commercial districts and low to high-income neighborhoods. Northwest Albuquerque includes the largest section of ], ] and the ] ("woodlands"), Petroglyph National Monument, ], the Paradise Hills neighborhood, Taylor Ranch, and ].

This quadrant also contains the ] settlement, outside the city limits, which has some expensive homes and small ranches along the ]. The city of Albuquerque engulfs the village of ]. A small portion of the rapidly developing area on the west side of the river south of the Petroglyphs, known as the "]" or "Westside", consisting primarily of traditional residential subdivisions, also extends into this quadrant. The city proper is bordered on the north by the North Valley, the village of ], and the city of ].

=====Southeast=====

] in Nob Hill]]

], ], Sandia Science & Technology Park, the Max Q commercial district, ], ], ], ], Presbyterian Hospital Duke City BMX, ], ], ], ], ], ], Isleta Resort & Casino, the ], New Mexico Veterans Memorial, and {{not a typo|Talin}}<!-- typo correction wants to correct this to Tallinn, capital of Estonia--> Market are all located in the Southeast quadrant of Albuquerque.

The southern half of the International District lies along Central Ave and Louisiana Blvd. Here, many immigrant communities have settled and thrive, having established numerous businesses.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} Albuquerque's ] community is partly business-centered in this area, as well as the Eubank, Juan Tabo, and Central areas, and other parts of Albuquerque. There is also a ] temple and a sizable community in parts of this area as well as around Uptown. There is also an African American community around Highland.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}

The Four Hills neighborhoods are located in and around the foothills on the outskirts of Southeast Albuquerque. The vast newer subdivision of Volterra lies west of the Four Hills area. Popular urban neighborhoods that can be found in Southeast Albuquerque include ], Ridgecrest, Parkland Hills, Hyder Park, and University Heights.

=====Southwest=====

Traditionally consisting of agricultural and rural areas and suburban neighborhoods, the Southwest quadrant comprises the south-end of Downtown Albuquerque, the ] neighborhood, the rapidly growing west side, and the community of ], often called "The South Valley". The quadrant extends all the way to the Isleta Indian Reservation. Newer suburban subdivisions on the ] near the southwestern city limits join homes of older construction, some dating as far back as the 1940s.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} This quadrant includes the old communities of Atrisco, Los Padillas, Huning Castle, Kinney, Westgate, Westside, Alamosa, Mountainview, and Pajarito. The Bosque ("woodlands"), the ], the ], and ] are also here.

A new adopted development plan, the Santolina Master Plan, will extend development on the west side past 118th Street SW to the edge of the ] and house 100,000 by 2050.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bernco.gov/planning/proposed-santolina-level-a-master-plan.aspx |title=Adopted Santolina Level A Master Plan-Bernalillo County, New Mexico |work=bernco.gov |access-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907040938/http://www.bernco.gov/planning/proposed-santolina-level-a-master-plan.aspx |archive-date=September 7, 2016 }}</ref>


===Climate=== ===Climate===

{{climate chart
Albuquerque's climate is classified as a ] (''BSk'') according to the ] system, while The Biota of North America Program<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate |url=http://www.bonap.org/Climate%20Maps/climate48shadeA.png |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124115104/http://www.bonap.org/Climate%20Maps/climate48shadeA.png |archive-date=November 24, 2017 |access-date=May 2, 2019 }}</ref> and the U.S. Geological Survey describe it as warm temperate semi-desert.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3084/ |title=USGS Scientific Investigations Map 3084: Terrestrial Ecosystems—Isobioclimates of the Conterminous United States |website=pubs.usgs.gov |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901232200/https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3084/ |archive-date=September 1, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://prism.oregonstate.edu/ |title=PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State U |website=prism.oregonstate.edu |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122024305/http://prism.oregonstate.edu/ |archive-date=January 22, 2020 }}</ref>
|]

|24|48|.49
{{Weather box
|28|55|.44
|location = Albuquerque (]), 1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1891–present{{efn|Official records for Albuquerque kept December 1891 to January 22, 1933, at the Weather Bureau Office and at Albuquerque Int'l since January 23, 1933. For more information, see Threadex}}
|34|62|.61
|single line = Y
|41|71|.50
|collapsed =
|50|80|.60
|Jan record high F = 72
|59|90|.65
|Feb record high F = 79
|65|92|1.27
|Mar record high F = 85
|63|89|1.73
|Apr record high F = 89
|56|82|1.07
|May record high F = 98
|44|71|1.00
|Jun record high F = 107
|32|57|.62
|Jul record high F = 105
|24|48|.49
|Aug record high F = 102
|source=Weather.com / NWS
|Sep record high F = 100
|float=right
|Oct record high F = 91
|clear=left
|Nov record high F = 83
|units=imperial
|Dec record high F = 72
|Jan avg record high F = 60.9
|Feb avg record high F = 67.5
|Mar avg record high F = 76.8
|Apr avg record high F = 83.2
|May avg record high F = 91.2
|Jun avg record high F = 99.3
|Jul avg record high F = 99.4
|Aug avg record high F = 96.1
|Sep avg record high F = 91.7
|Oct avg record high F = 83.6
|Nov avg record high F = 71.1
|Dec avg record high F = 60.8
|year avg record high F = 100.8
|Jan high F = 48.4
|Feb high F = 54.1
|Mar high F = 62.8
|Apr high F = 70.3
|May high F = 79.9
|Jun high F = 90.4
|Jul high F = 91.2
|Aug high F = 88.8
|Sep high F = 82.5
|Oct high F = 70.6
|Nov high F = 57.3
|Dec high F = 47.3
|year high F = 70.3
|Jan mean F = 37.4
|Feb mean F = 41.9
|Mar mean F = 49.5
|Apr mean F = 56.8
|May mean F = 66.1
|Jun mean F = 76.1
|Jul mean F = 78.9
|Aug mean F = 76.9
|Sep mean F = 70.3
|Oct mean F = 58.4
|Nov mean F = 45.7
|Dec mean F = 36.9
|year mean F = 57.9
|Jan low F = 26.4
|Feb low F = 29.8
|Mar low F = 36.2
|Apr low F = 43.2
|May low F = 52.4
|Jun low F = 61.9
|Jul low F = 66.5
|Aug low F = 64.9
|Sep low F = 58.1
|Oct low F = 46.1
|Nov low F = 34.1
|Dec low F = 26.6
|year low F = 45.5
|Jan avg record low F = 15.4
|Feb avg record low F = 17.6
|Mar avg record low F = 23.9
|Apr avg record low F = 30.5
|May avg record low F = 39.6
|Jun avg record low F = 52.3
|Jul avg record low F = 60.6
|Aug avg record low F = 59.0
|Sep avg record low F = 47.4
|Oct avg record low F = 31.9
|Nov avg record low F = 21.3
|Dec avg record low F = 13.7
|year avg record low F = 10.9
|Jan record low F = −17
|Feb record low F = −10
|Mar record low F = 6
|Apr record low F = 13
|May record low F = 25
|Jun record low F = 35
|Jul record low F = 42
|Aug record low F = 46
|Sep record low F = 26
|Oct record low F = 19
|Nov record low F = −7
|Dec record low F = −16
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.36
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.43
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.46
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.51
|May precipitation inch = 0.44
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.57
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.64
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.31
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.15
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.87
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.57
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.53
|year precipitation inch = 8.84
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.3
|Nov snow inch = 0.9
|Dec snow inch = 2.8
|Jan snow inch = 1.4
|Feb snow inch = 1.5
|Mar snow inch = 0.7
|Apr snow inch = 0.3
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|year snow inch = 7.9
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 3.6
|Feb precipitation days = 3.7
|Mar precipitation days = 3.8
|Apr precipitation days = 2.8
|May precipitation days = 3.7
|Jun precipitation days = 3.5
|Jul precipitation days = 8.7
|Aug precipitation days = 8.3
|Sep precipitation days = 5.9
|Oct precipitation days = 4.7
|Nov precipitation days = 3.4
|Dec precipitation days = 4.0
|year precipitation days = 56.1
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.3
|Nov snow days = 0.9
|Dec snow days = 2.5
|Jan snow days = 1.9
|Feb snow days = 1.6
|Mar snow days = 1.0
|Apr snow days = 0.3
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|year snow days = 8.5
|Jan sun = 234.2 |Jan percentsun = 75
|Feb sun = 225.3 |Feb percentsun = 74
|Mar sun = 270.2 |Mar percentsun = 73
|Apr sun = 304.6 |Apr percentsun = 78
|May sun = 347.4 |May percentsun = 80
|Jun sun = 359.3 |Jun percentsun = 83
|Jul sun = 335.0 |Jul percentsun = 76
|Aug sun = 314.2 |Aug percentsun = 75
|Sep sun = 286.7 |Sep percentsun = 77
|Oct sun = 281.4 |Oct percentsun = 80
|Nov sun = 233.8 |Nov percentsun = 75
|Dec sun = 223.3 |Dec percentsun = 73
|year percentsun = 77
|Jan humidity = 56.3
|Feb humidity = 49.8
|Mar humidity = 39.7
|Apr humidity = 32.5
|May humidity = 31.1
|Jun humidity = 29.8
|Jul humidity = 41.9
|Aug humidity = 47.1
|Sep humidity = 47.4
|Oct humidity = 45.3
|Nov humidity = 49.9
|Dec humidity = 56.8
|year humidity = 44.0
|Jan dew point C = −7.8
|Feb dew point C = −6.9
|Mar dew point C = −7.1
|Apr dew point C = −5.9
|May dew point C = −2.3
|Jun dew point C = 1.9
|Jul dew point C = 9.5
|Aug dew point C = 10.2
|Sep dew point C = 6.7
|Oct dew point C = 0.3
|Nov dew point C = −4.6
|Dec dew point C = −7.2
|source 1 = NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)<ref name = NOAA1 >{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=abq |title=NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=] |access-date=October 13, 2021 |archive-date=April 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430063248/https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=abq |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NCEI Summary of Monthly Normals - Albuquerque - 1991-2020">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00023050&format=pdf |title=Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 |publisher=] |access-date=October 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714063557/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00023050&format=pdf |archive-date=July 14, 2023 }}</ref><ref name= noaasun >{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72365.TXT |title=WMO Climate Normals for ALBUQUERQUE/INT'L ARPT NM 1961–1990 |access-date=August 29, 2020 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714060206/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72365.TXT |archive-date=July 14, 2023 }}</ref><!--<ref name = "Percent Sunshine" >
{{cite web |url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ccd/pctpos.txt |title=Average Percent Sunshine through 2009 |access-date=November 16, 2012 |publisher=] }}</ref>-->

}} }}
{{Weather box
Albuquerque's climate is usually sunny and dry, with low relative humidity. Brilliant sunshine defines the region, averaging more than 300 days a year; periods of variably mid and high-level cloudiness temper the sun at other times. Extended cloudiness is rare. The city has four distinct seasons, but the heat and cold are mild compared to the extremes that occur more commonly in other parts of the country.
|location =] (elevation {{cvt|1510.3|m|order=flip}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1991–2022)
|single line = Y
|collapsed = Y
|Jan record high F = 73
|Feb record high F = 79
|Mar record high F = 86
|Apr record high F = 89
|May record high F = 101
|Jun record high F = 105
|Jul record high F = 104
|Aug record high F = 101
|Sep record high F = 98
|Oct record high F = 89
|Nov record high F = 79
|Dec record high F = 70
|year record high F = 105


|Jan avg record high F = 64.2
Winters are rather brief but definite; daytime highs range from the mid 40s to upper 50s ], while the overnight lows drop into the low 20s to near 30 by sunrise; nights are often colder in the valley and uppermost foothills by several degrees, or during cold frontal passages from the Great Basin or Rocky Mountains. The occasional snowfall, associated with low pressure areas, fronts and troughs, often melts by the mid-afternoon; over half of the scant winter moisture occurs in the form of light rain showers, usually brief in duration. In the much higher and colder Sandia Mountains, moisture falls as snow; many years have enough snow to create decent skiing conditions at the local ski area.
|Feb avg record high F = 70.3
|Mar avg record high F = 79.3
|Apr avg record high F = 84.1
|May avg record high F = 91.7
|Jun avg record high F = 99.9
|Jul avg record high F = 100.3
|Aug avg record high F = 97.2
|Sep avg record high F = 92.9
|Oct avg record high F = 84.5
|Nov avg record high F = 73.0
|Dec avg record high F = 63.5
|year avg record high F = 101.4


|Jan high F = 51.1
Spring time starts off windy and cool, sometimes unsettled with some rain and even light snow, though spring is usually the driest part of the year in Albuquerque. March and April tend to see many days with the wind blowing at {{convert|20|to|30|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}, and afternoon gusts can produce periods of blowing sand and dust. In May, the winds tend to subside, as temperatures start to feel like summer.
|Feb high F = 57.1
|Mar high F = 65.5
|Apr high F = 72.4
|May high F = 80.9
|Jun high F = 90.9
|Jul high F = 92.5
|Aug high F = 90.1
|Sep high F = 83.4
|Oct high F = 72.2
|Nov high F = 59.7
|Dec high F = 49.9
|year high F = 72.1
|Jan mean F = 36.7
|Feb mean F = 41.9
|Mar mean F = 49.3
|Apr mean F = 56.2
|May mean F = 64.5
|Jun mean F = 73.9
|Jul mean F = 78.0
|Aug mean F = 76.0
|Sep mean F = 68.6
|Oct mean F = 56.8
|Nov mean F = 44.6
|Dec mean F = 36.1
|year mean F = 56.9
|Jan low F = 22.3
|Feb low F = 26.8
|Mar low F = 33.1
|Apr low F = 40.1
|May low F = 48.1
|Jun low F = 56.8
|Jul low F = 63.4
|Aug low F = 61.9
|Sep low F = 53.9
|Oct low F = 41.4
|Nov low F = 29.5
|Dec low F = 22.4
|year low F = 41.6


|Jan avg record low F = 9.9
Summer daytime highs range from the upper 80s to the upper 90's, while dropping into the low 60s to low 70s overnight; the valley and uppermost foothills are often several degrees cooler than that. The heat is quite tolerable because of low humidity, except during the late summer during increased humidity from surges in the monsoonal pattern; at that time, daytime highs drop slightly but the extra moisture in the air can cause nighttime temperatures to increase.
|Feb avg record low F = 13.5
|Mar avg record low F = 19.4
|Apr avg record low F = 27.3
|May avg record low F = 35.6
|Jun avg record low F = 46.4
|Jul avg record low F = 56.1
|Aug avg record low F = 54.1
|Sep avg record low F = 42.3
|Oct avg record low F = 27.9
|Nov avg record low F = 15.8
|Dec avg record low F = 10.4
|year avg record low F = 6.9


|Jan record low F = -4
Fall sees mild days and cool nights with less rain, though the weather can be more unsettled closer to winter.
|Feb record low F = -5
|Mar record low F = 6
|Apr record low F = 22
|May record low F = 26
|Jun record low F = 41
|Jul record low F = 47
|Aug record low F = 44
|Sep record low F = 36
|Oct record low F = 15
|Nov record low F = 9
|Dec record low F = 2
|year record low F= -5
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.45
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.47
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.54
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.59
|May precipitation inch = 0.48
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.57
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.53
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.52
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.26
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.02
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.59
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.65
|year precipitation inch = 9.67
|Jan snow inch = 1.4
|Feb snow inch = 1.3
|Mar snow inch = 0.6
|Apr snow inch = 0.3
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.3
|Nov snow inch = 0.6
|Dec snow inch = 2.3
|year snow inch = 6.8
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 3.9
|Feb precipitation days = 3.6
|Mar precipitation days = 3.7
|Apr precipitation days = 3.0
|May precipitation days = 3.6
|Jun precipitation days = 3.6
|Jul precipitation days = 8.5
|Aug precipitation days = 8.9
|Sep precipitation days = 5.8
|Oct precipitation days = 4.6
|Nov precipitation days = 2.9
|Dec precipitation days = 4.1
|year precipitation days = 56.2
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 1.4
|Feb snow days = 1.0
|Mar snow days = 0.4
|Apr snow days = 0.2
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.2
|Nov snow days = 0.4
|Dec snow days = 1.3
|year snow days = 4.9
|source 1 = NOAA<ref name="NCEI Summary of Monthly Normals - South Valley - 1991-2020">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00290231&format=pdf |title=Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 |publisher=] |access-date=October 13, 2021 |archive-date=December 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220104006/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00290231&format=pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=NOAA1/>
}}
{{weather box
|location = Albuquerque Foothills (elevation {{cvt|1865.4|m|order=flip}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1991–present)
|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA1/><ref name="NCEI Summary of Monthly Normals – Foothills – 1991–2020">{{cite web |url=https://ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00290225&format=pdf |title=Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 |publisher=] |access-date=October 13, 2021 }}</ref>
<!--Q0-->
|single line = Y |collapsed = Y
|year low F = 43.0 |year mean F = 55.3 |year high F = 67.6
|year avg record low F = 8.5 |year avg record high F = 97.7
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |year precipitation days = 75.5
|precipitation colour = green |year precipitation inch = 14.92
|unit snow days = 0.1 in |year snow days = 16.0 |year snow inch = 23.7
<!--Q1-->
|Jan low F = 25.6 |Jan mean F = 35.4 |Jan high F = 45.2
|Jan avg record low F = 12.4 |Jan record low F = 2 |Jan avg record high F = 57.2 |Jan record high F = 69
|Jan precipitation days = 5.3 |Jan snow days = 3.4 |Jan precipitation inch = 0.71 |Jan snow inch = 4.0


|Feb low F = 28.6 |Feb mean F = 39.8 |Feb high F = 51.1
The city was one of several in the region experiencing a severe winter storm leaving between {{convert|10|and|26|in|cm}} of snow in just over 24 hours on December 30, 2006.<ref> - . Retrieved 17 December 2006.</ref>
|Feb avg record low F = 15.2 |Feb avg record high F = 63.7 |Feb record low F = -12 |Feb record high F = 71
|Feb precipitation days = 5.5 |Feb snow days = 3.1 |Feb precipitation inch = 0.85 |Feb snow inch = 4.4


|Mar low F = 34.7 |Mar mean F = 47.4 |Mar high F = 60.1
Albuquerque's climate is classified as ] (BWk or BWh, depending on the particular scheme of the ] system one uses), meaning average annual precipitation is less than half of evaporation, and the mean temperature of the coldest month is above freezing (32F). Only the wettest areas of the Sandia foothills are barely ], where precipitation is more than half of, but still less than, evaporation; such areas are localized and usually lie above {{convert|6000|ft|m}} in elevation and often in arroyo drainages, signified by a slightly denser, taller growth of evergreen oak - juniper - pinon chaparral and rarely, woodland, often mixed with taller desert grasses. These elevated foothill areas still border arid areas, best described as desert grassland or desert shrub, on their west sides.
|Mar avg record low F = 19.8 |Mar record low F = 10 |Mar avg record high F = 73.9 |Mar record high F = 81
|Mar precipitation days = 5.4 |Mar snow days = 2.5 |Mar precipitation inch = 1.05 |Mar snow inch = 3.7
<!--Q2-->
|Apr low F = 40.2 |Apr mean F = 54.4 |Apr high F = 68.5
|Apr avg record low F = 26.5 |Apr record low F = 20 |Apr avg record high F = 80.2 |Apr record high F = 86
|Apr precipitation days = 4.2 |Apr snow days = 1.2 |Apr precipitation inch = 0.88 |Apr snow inch = 1.7


|May low F = 49.1 |May mean F = 63.3 |May high F = 77.6
Traveling to the west, north and east of Albuquerque, one quickly rises in elevation and leaves the sheltering effect of the valley to enter a noticeably cooler and slightly wetter environment. One such area is still considered part of metro Albuquerque, commonly called the "East Mountain" area; it is covered in savannas or woodlands of low juniper and pinon trees, reminiscent of the lower parts of the southern Rocky Mountains, which do not actually contact Albuquerque proper.
|May avg record low F = 35.0 |May record low F = 28 |May avg record high F = 88.8 |May record high F = 96
|May precipitation days = 5.1 |May snow days = 0.2 |May precipitation inch = 0.70 |May snow inch = 0.0


|Jun low F = 58.2 |Jun mean F = 72.9 |Jun high F = 87.7
Those mountains and highlands beyond the city create a "rain shadow" effect, due to the drying of descending air movements; the city usually receives very little rain or snow, averaging 8-9 inches (216&nbsp;mm) of precipitation per year. Valley and west mesa areas, farther from the mountains are drier, averaging 6-8 inches of annual precipitation; the Sandia foothills tend to lift any available moisture, enhancing precipitation to about 10-17 inches annually. Most precipitation occurs during the summer monsoon season (also called a ] in Mexico), typically starting in early July and ending in mid-September.
|Jun avg record low F = 47.5 |Jun record low F = 40 |Jun avg record high F = 96.3 |Jun record high F = 103
|Jun precipitation days = 4.1 |Jun snow days = 0.0 |Jun precipitation inch = 0.61 |Jun snow inch = 0.0
<!--Q3-->
|Jul low F = 62.4 |Jul mean F = 75.6 |Jul high F = 88.7
|Jul avg record low F = 55.3 |Jul record low F = 48 |Jul avg record high F = 96.6 |Jul record high F = 104
|Jul precipitation days = 11.7 |Jul snow days = 0.0 |Jul precipitation inch = 2.61 |Jul snow inch = 0.0


|Aug low F = 60.9 |Aug mean F = 73.6 |Aug high F = 86.3
===Geology===
|Aug avg record low F = 54.1 |Aug record low F = 48 |Aug avg record high F = 93.4 |Aug record high F = 101
The ] are the predominant geographic feature visible in Albuquerque. "Sandía" is ] for "]", and is popularly believed to be a reference to the brilliant coloration of the mountains at sunset: bright pink (melon meat) and green (melon rind). The pink is due to large exposures of ] cliffs, and the green is due to large swaths of ] forests. However, Robert Julyan notes in ''The Place Names of New Mexico'', "the most likely explanation is the one believed by the ]: the Spaniards, when they encountered the Pueblo in 1540, called it Sandia, because they thought the squash growing there were watermelons, and the name Sandia soon was transferred to the mountains east of the pueblo."<ref name="julyan">Robert Julyan, ''The Place Names of New Mexico'' (revised edition), UNM Press, 1998.</ref> He also notes that the Sandia Pueblo Indians call the mountain ''Bien Mur'', "big mountain."<ref name="julyan"/>
|Aug precipitation days = 10.5 |Aug snow days = 0.0 |Aug precipitation inch = 2.66 |Aug snow inch = 0.0


|Sep low F = 54.8 |Sep mean F = 67.3 |Sep high F = 79.8
The Sandia foothills, on the west side of the mountains, have soils derived from that same rock material with varying sizes of decomposed granite, mixed with areas of clay and ] (a ] clay common in the arid southwestern USA), along with some exposed ] bedrock.
|Sep avg record low F = 41.9 |Sep record low F = 31 |Sep avg record high F = 88.7 |Sep record high F = 95
|Sep precipitation days = 7.4 |Sep snow days = 0.0 |Sep precipitation inch = 1.56 |Sep snow inch = 0.0
<!--Q4-->
|Oct low F = 43.4 |Oct mean F = 55.6 |Oct high F = 67.7
|Oct avg record low F = 27.7 |Oct record low F = 17 |Oct avg record high F = 79.9 |Oct record high F = 86
|Oct precipitation days = 5.8 |Oct snow days = 0.4 |Oct precipitation inch = 1.33 |Oct snow inch = 0.6


|Nov low F = 32.9 |Nov mean F = 43.6 |Nov high F = 54.3
Below the foothills, the area usually called the "Heights" consists of a mix of clay and ] soils, overlain by a layer of decomposed granite, resulting from long-term outwash of that material from the adjacent mountains. This ] is quite noticeable when driving into the Albuquerque from the north or south, due to its fairly uniform slope from the mountains' edge downhill to the valley. Sand hills are scattered along the I-25 corridor and directly above the Rio Grande valley, forming the lower end of the Heights.
|Nov avg record low F = 17.7 |Nov record low F = 10 |Nov avg record high F = 66.8 |Nov record high F = 75
|Nov precipitation days = 4.7 |Nov snow days = 1.4 |Nov precipitation inch = 0.88 |Nov snow inch = 2.4


|Dec low F = 25.8 |Dec mean F = 35.2 |Dec high F = 44.5
The Rio Grande valley, due to long-term shifting of the actual river channel, contains layers and areas of soils varying between ], clay, loam, and even some sand. It is the only part of Albuquerque where the ] often lies close to the surface, sometimes less than {{convert|10|ft|m}}.
|Dec avg record low F = 10.6 |Dec record low F = 3 |Dec avg record high F = 56.9 |Dec record high F = 64
|Dec precipitation days = 5.8 |Dec snow days = 3.8 |Dec precipitation inch = 1.08 |Dec snow inch = 6.9
}}

{{Graph:Weather monthly history
| table = Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Albuquerque, New Mexico.tab
| title = Albuquerque monthly weather statistics
}}
]

Albuquerque is located near the crossroads of several ecoregions. According to the ],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/ecoregion-download-files-state-region-6 |title=Ecoregion Download Files by State - Region 6 |first=ORD |last=US EPA |date=March 9, 2016 |website=US EPA |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215174613/https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/ecoregion-download-files-state-region-6 |archive-date=December 15, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> the city is located in the southeastern edge of the ], with the ] defining the adjacent Sandia-Manzano mountains, including the foothills in the eastern edges of the city limits, above Juan Tabo Boulevard. Though the city lies at the northern edge of the ] transitioning into the ], much of Albuquerque area west of the ] shares similar aridity, temperatures, and natural vegetation more with that of the Chihuahuan Desert, namely the desert grassland and sand scrub plant communities.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_circulars/CR374/#1 |title=NMSU: New Mexico Range Plants |website=aces.nmsu.edu |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503163417/https://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_circulars/CR374/#1 |archive-date=May 3, 2019 }}</ref>

The eastern portion of the greater Albuquerque area are known as the East Mountain area, and they are within the ], sometimes considered a southern extension of the central high plains and northeast New Mexico highlands. To the north is the ] ecoregion in the Jemez Mountains.

The average annual precipitation is less than half of evaporation supporting an ] (''BWk''), and no month's daily temperature mean is below freezing. The climate is rather mild compared to parts of the country further north or further south. However, due to the city's high elevation, low temperatures in winter often dip below freezing. Varied terrain and elevations within the city and outlying areas cause daily temperature differentials to vary. The daily average temperatures in December and January, the coldest months, are above freezing at {{convert|36.9|°F}} and {{convert|37.4|°F}}, respectively.

Albuquerque's climate is usually sunny and dry, with an average of 3,415 sunshine hours per year.<ref name="noaasun" /><ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |url=http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/nm/290041.pdf |title=NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals |access-date=October 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723140613/http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/nm/290041.pdf |archive-date=July 23, 2014 }}</ref> Brilliant sunshine defines the region, averaging 278&nbsp;days a year; periods of variably mid and high-level cloudiness temper the sun, mostly during the cooler months. Extended cloudiness lasting longer than two or three days is rare.

Winter typically consists of cool days and cold nights, except following passage of the strongest cold fronts and arctic airmasses when daytime temperatures remain colder than average; overnight temperatures tend to fall below freezing between about 10 pm and 8 am in the city, except during colder airmasses, plus colder spots of the valley and most of the East Mountain areas. December, the coolest month, averages {{convert|36.9|°F|1}}; the median or normal coolest temperature of the year is {{convert|12|°F|0}}, while the average or mean is about {{convert|11|°F|0}}. It is typical for daily low temperatures in much of late December, and January, and February to be below freezing, with a long-term average of 93 days per year falling to or below freezing, and two days failing to rise above freezing. In March, winds dominate as the temperatures began to warm late in the winter.<ref name = NOAA1/>

Spring is windy, sometimes unsettled with rain, though spring is usually the driest part of the year in Albuquerque. Late March and April tend to experience many days with the wind blowing at {{cvt|20|to|30|mi/h|km/h}}, and afternoon gusts can produce periods of blowing sand and dust.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} In May, the winds tend to subside as a summer-like airmass and temperatures begin to occur into with regularity. The warming and drying trend continues into June. By mid-June, temperatures can exceed {{convert|100|°F|0}}.

Summer is lengthy and very warm to hot, relatively tolerable for most people because of low humidity and air movement. The exception is some days during the ], when daily humidity remains relatively high, especially in July and August. 2.6 days of {{convert|100|°F|0}} or warmer highs occur annually on average, mostly in June and July and rarely in August due in part to the monsoon; an average of 64 days experience {{convert|90|°F|0}} or warmer highs.<ref name = NOAA1/> Despite the rarity of such heat, 28 days with highs at or above {{convert|100|°F|0}} occurred in the summer of 1980 at Albuquerque's Sunport. In September, the monsoon begins to weaken.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.weather.gov/abq/clifeatures_100degrees |title=100° Facts for Albuquerque and New Mexico |first=NOAA |last=US Department of Commerce |website=www.weather.gov |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215231250/https://www.weather.gov/abq/clifeatures_100degrees |archive-date=February 15, 2020 }}</ref> Portions of the valley and West Mesa locations experience more high temperatures above {{convert|90|°F|0}} and {{convert|100|°F|0}} as part of normal or extreme weather each summer.

Autumn is generally cool in the mornings and nights but sees less rain than summer, though the weather can be more unsettled closer to winter, as colder airmasses and weather patterns build in from the north and northwest with more frequency.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} Occasionally, snow will fall in late autumn in December; rarely in late November.

Precipitation averages {{convert|8.84|in|mm|0}} per year. On average, January is the driest month, while July and August are the wettest months, as a result of shower and thunderstorm activity produced by the monsoon prevalent over the Southwestern United States. Most rain occurs during the late summer monsoon season, typically starting in early June and ending in mid-September.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}

Albuquerque averages {{convert|7.9|in|cm|0}} of snow per winter, and experiences several accumulating snow events each season. Locations in the Northeast Heights and Eastern Foothills tend to receive more snowfall due to each region's higher elevation and proximity to the mountains. The city was one of several in the region experiencing a severe winter storm on December 28–30, 2006, with locations in Albuquerque receiving between {{convert|10.5|and|26|in|cm}} of snow.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/abq/climate/Monthlyreports/December/2006/PNS12312006.htm |title=Preliminary total snowfall reports across central and northern New Mexico from the December 28–30 winter storm |date=December 31, 2006 |access-date=August 5, 2009 |publisher=National Weather Service Albuquerque, NM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223134054/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/abq/?n=monthly-summaries |archive-date=February 23, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> More recently, a major winter storm in late February 2015 dropped up to a foot (30&nbsp;cm) of snow on most of the city. Such large snowfalls are rare occurrences during the period of record, and they greatly impact traffic movement and the workforce due to their rarity.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}


The mountains and highlands east of the city create a ] effect, due to the drying of air descending the mountains; the Sandia Mountain foothills tend to lift any available moisture, enhancing precipitation to about {{convert|10–17|in|mm|0}} annually.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} Traveling west, north, and east of Albuquerque, one quickly rises in elevation and leaves the sheltering effect of the valley to enter a noticeably cooler and slightly wetter environment.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} One such area is considered part of Albuquerque Metropolitan Area, commonly called the East Mountain area; it is covered in woodlands of juniper and piñon trees, a common trait of southwestern uplands and the southernmost Rocky Mountains.
The last significant area of Albuquerque geologically is the ]: this is the elevated land west of the Rio Grande, including the sandy terrace immediately west and above the river, and the rather sharply defined volcanic escarpment above and west of most of the developed city. The west mesa commonly has soils often referred to as "blow sand", along with occasional clay and caliche and even basalt, nearing the escarpment.


===Hydrology=== ===Hydrology===
{{update}}
Albuquerque's ] presently comes from a delicate ] that was once dismissed as an "underground ]". The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) has developed a water resources management strategy, which pursues ] and the direct extraction of water from the Rio Grande for the development of a stable underground aquifer in the future.<ref>{{cite journal |last= Odenwald |first= Arlene Cinelli |year=1993 |month=April |title=Protecting the aquifer: Albuquerque reacting |journal=New Mexico Business Journal |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=38–39 |id={{ISSN|0164-6796}} |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m5092/is_n4_v17/ai_13856429 |accessdate=2008-12-23 |quote= }}</ref><ref name="water strategy">
{{cite paper | title=Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority: Water Resource Management Strategy | publisher=Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority | date=2007-01-10 | url=http://www.abcwua.org/pdfs/WRMS_Update_101207.pdf | format= PDF |accessdate=2008-10-18 }}</ref>


Albuquerque's drinking water comes from a combination of Rio Grande water (river water diverted from the ] basin through the ]<ref>{{cite web |title=Your Drinking Water |url=http://www.abcwua.org/Your_Drinking_Water.aspx |access-date=August 1, 2013 |website=Albuquerque Bernalillo Water Authority |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805163835/http://abcwua.org/Your_Drinking_Water.aspx |archive-date=August 5, 2013 }}</ref>) and a delicate ] that has been described as an "underground ]". The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) has developed a water resources management strategy that pursues ] and the direct extraction of water from the Rio Grande for the development of a stable underground aquifer in the future.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Odenwald |first=Arlene Cinelli |date=April 1993 |title=Protecting the aquifer: Albuquerque reacting |journal=New Mexico Business Journal |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=38–39 |issn=0164-6796 |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m5092/is_n4_v17/ai_13856429 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081109101124/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m5092/is_n4_v17/ai_13856429 |archive-date=November 9, 2008 |access-date=December 23, 2008 }}</ref><ref name="water strategy">{{cite web |title=Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority: Water Resource Management Strategy |website=Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority |date=January 10, 2007 |url=http://www.abcwua.org/pdfs/WRMS_Update_101207.pdf |access-date=October 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029020514/http://www.abcwua.org/pdfs/WRMS_Update_101207.pdf |archive-date=October 29, 2008 }}</ref>
The aquifer of the ] is too ] to cost-effectively use for drinking purposes.


]
Much of the ] that Albuquerque receives does not recharge its aquifer. It is diverted through storm drains called ]s, to the ]. The water flowing in the Rio Grande was thought to recharge Albuquerque's aquifer, however, it is actually separated from the rest of the ].


The aquifer of the ] is too ] to be cost-effectively used for drinking. Much of the rainwater Albuquerque receives does not recharge its aquifer. It is diverted through a network of paved channels and ]s and empties into the ].
Of the {{convert|62780|acre feet}} per year of the water in the upper ] basin entitled to municipalities in New Mexico by the ], Albuquerque owns 48,200. The water is delivered to the Rio Grande by the ]-] Project. The project's construction was initiated by legislation enacted by President ] in 1962, and completed in 1971. This diversion project transports water under the ] from ] to Lake Heron on the Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio grande. Presently, this water is resold to downstream owners in ]. These arrangements will end in 2008 with the completion of the ABCWUA's Drinking Water Supply Project.<ref>The project's page at the United States Bureau of Reclamation's website</ref>
This project will, using a system of adjustable height ]s, skim water from the Rio Grande into ]s which will lead to ] facilities for direct ]. Some water will be allowed to flow through central Albuquerque, mostly to protect the endangered ]. ] effluent water will be recycled into the Rio Grande to the South of the city. The ABCWUA expects river water to comprise up to seventy percent of its water budget in 2060. ] will still be used. One of the policies of the ABCWUA's strategy is the acquisition of additional river water. <ref>The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority</ref><ref name="water strategy" />{{Rp|Policy G, p.14}}


Of the {{convert|62780|acre.ft}} per year of the water in the upper ] basin entitled to municipalities in New Mexico by the ], Albuquerque owns 48,200. The water is delivered to the Rio Grande by the ]. The project's construction was initiated by legislation signed by President ] in 1962, and was completed in 1971. This diversion project transports water under the ] from ] to Lake Heron on the Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio Grande. In the past much of this water was resold to downstream owners in Texas. These arrangements ended in 2008 with the completion of the ABCWUA's Drinking Water Supply Project.<ref>The project's page at the United States Bureau of Reclamation's website {{cite web |url=http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=San%20Juan-Chama%20Project |title=Project details - San Juan-Chama Project - Bureau of Reclamation |access-date=October 2, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925123715/http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=San%20Juan-Chama%20Project |archive-date=September 25, 2012 }}</ref>
===Cityscape===
{{wide image|Albuquerque_pano_sunset.jpg|1500px|<center> A Panoramic View of the City of Albuquerque 2008.</center>}}
{{Refimprove|section|date=September 2008|talk=y}}
====Architecture====


The ABCWUA's Drinking Water Supply Project uses a system of adjustable-height dams to skim water from the Rio Grande into ]s that lead to ] facilities for direct ]. Some water is allowed to flow through central Albuquerque, mostly to protect the endangered ]. ] effluent water is recycled into the Rio Grande south of the city. The ABCWUA expects river water to comprise up to seventy percent of its water budget in 2060. ] will constitute the remainder. One of the policies of the ABCWUA's strategy is the acquisition of additional river water.<ref name="water strategy"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abcwua.org/content/view/34/27/ |title=The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority |publisher=Abcwua.org |date=December 7, 2008 |access-date=July 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100507020947/http://www.abcwua.org/content/view/34/27/ |archive-date=May 7, 2010 }}</ref> {{Rp|Policy G, 14}}
] is the headquarters to Bank of Albuquerque, 15 law firms and the ] Hotel.]]
] is the southwestern headquarters to ].]]
] is the headquarters of the New Mexico Bank & Trust.]]


==Demographics==
{| class="sortable wikitable"

|+ 10 Tallest Buildings in Albuquerque
Residents of the city are ] ''Burqueños'' (masculine grammatical gender) or ''Burqueñas'' (feminine grammatical gender), or more rarely as simply "Albuquerqueans".
<ref name="Guy 2021">{{cite web |last=Honeycutt |first=Curtis |title=Grammar guy: Spelling and expelling demonyms |website=Herald and News |date=August 25, 2021 |url=https://www.heraldandnews.com/news/syndicated_columns/grammar-guy-spelling-and-expelling-demonyms/article_a6108414-a59c-5979-bbe0-70f7e922fbfc.html |access-date=November 4, 2021 |archive-date=November 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104100935/https://www.heraldandnews.com/news/syndicated_columns/grammar-guy-spelling-and-expelling-demonyms/article_a6108414-a59c-5979-bbe0-70f7e922fbfc.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Spanish terms are from ] slang (]).<ref>{{cite web |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Tim Keller |url=https://www.koat.com/article/tim-keller/12014677 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021201006/https://www.koat.com/article/tim-keller/12014677 |archive-date=October 21, 2017 |access-date=September 6, 2023 |website=KOAT |language=en }}</ref> "Burqueño" is also sometimes used as an adjective for anything related to that city,<ref>{{cite web |date=March 1, 2012 |title=She's Got A Moch: Shit Burqueñas Say {{!}} Weekly Alibi |url=https://alibi.com/feature/shes-got-a-moch-shit-burquenas-say/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906014731/https://alibi.com/feature/shes-got-a-moch-shit-burquenas-say/ |archive-date=September 6, 2023 |access-date=September 6, 2023 |language=en-US }}</ref> or to specifically refer to someone who identifies with the Burqueños New Mexico prison gang, or one of the ]s within Albuquerque.<ref>{{cite web |date=October 15, 2018 |title=Fabian Gonzales' tattoo could solve gang-tie debate |url=https://koat.com/article/fabian-gonzales-tattoo-could-solve-gang-tie-debate/23781514 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906014159/http://koat.com/article/fabian-gonzales-tattoo-could-solve-gang-tie-debate/mraid.js |archive-date=September 6, 2023 |access-date=September 6, 2023 |website=KOAT |language=en }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=June 27, 2015 |title=1 injured, 1 in custody after possible gang related shooting |url=https://krqe.com/news/1-injured-1-in-custody-after-possible-gang-related-shooting |access-date=September 6, 2023 |website=KRQE NEWS 13 - Breaking News, Albuquerque News, New Mexico News, Weather, and Videos |language=en-US |archive-date=September 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906020045/https://www.krqe.com/news/1-injured-1-in-custody-after-possible-gang-related-shooting/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Burqueños often speak ] and ].

{{US Census population
<!----> |1880 = 2315 |1890 = 3785
|1900 = 6238 |1910 = 11020 |1920 = 15157 |1930 = 26570 |1940 = 35449
|1950 = 96815 |1960 = 201189 |1970 = 244501 |1980 = 332920 |1990 = 384736
|2000 = 448607 |2010 = 545852 |2020 = 564559
|footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |website=US Census Bureau |access-date=June 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |archive-date=April 26, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts" /><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web |url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:35&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108 |title=Census Population API |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=October 12, 2022 |archive-date=May 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525062130/https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:35&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

{|class="wikitable sortable collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size: 90%;"
|- |-
! Historical racial profile !! 2020<ref name="2020Census">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/albuquerquecitynewmexico |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Albuquerque city, New Mexico |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=May 24, 2022 |archive-date=May 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513224705/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/albuquerquecitynewmexico |url-status=live }}</ref>!! 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/3502000.html |title=State & County QuickFacts: Albuquerque (city), New Mexico |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418003548/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/35/3502000.html |archive-date=April 18, 2012 }}</ref>!! 1990<ref name="census1"/> !! 1970<ref name="census1"/> !! 1950<ref name="census1"/>
! Name !! Height !! Floors
|- |-
| ] (of any race) || 49.2% || 46.7% || 34.5% || 33.1% || N/A
| ]
| {{nowrap|351 feet (107 m)}}
| 22
|- |-
| ] || 70.3% || 69.7% || 78.2% || 95.7% || 98.0%
| ]
| {{nowrap|256 feet (78 m)}}
| 21
|- |-
|&nbsp;—] || 38.3% || 42.1% || 58.3% || 63.3% || N/A
| ]
| {{nowrap|238 feet (73 m)}}
| 18
|- |-
|American Indian and Alaska Native persons
| ]
|4.5%
| {{nowrap|235 feet (72 m)}}
|4.6%
| 15
|
|
|
|- |-
| ] || 3.1% || 3.3% || 3.0% || 2.2% || 1.3%
| ]
| {{nowrap|213 feet (65 m)}}
| 17
|- |-
| ] || 3% || 2.6% || 1.7% || 0.3% || 0.1%
| ]
|}
| {{nowrap|203 feet (62 m)}}

| 14
According to the 2020 U.S. census, there were 564,559 people and 229,701 households in Albuquerque. The population density was {{convert|2,907.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}, making Albuquerque one of the ] in the U.S.

In 2020, the racial makeup of the city (including Latinos in the racial counts) was 60.3% ],<ref>The U.S. census does not account for ] heritage.</ref> 4.5% Native American, 3.1% ], 3% ], 0.1% Native Hawaiian and other ], and 9.2% ] (two or more races).<ref name="2020Census" /> About half of all residents (47.7%) were ], of any race while ] accounted for 37.7%.<ref name=2020CensusP2/>

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Albuquerque, New Mexico – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web |title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Albuquerque city, New Mexico |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US3502000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004 |publisher=] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web |title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Albuquerque city, New Mexico |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3502000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |publisher=] |access-date= }}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web |title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Albuquerque city, New Mexico |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3502000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |publisher=] |access-date= |archive-date=May 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516212949/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3502000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |url-status=live }}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|- |-
|] alone (NH)
| ]
|223,895
| {{nowrap|197 feet (60 m)}}
|229,933
| 13
|style='background: #ffffe6; |212,966
|49.91%
|42.12%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |37.72%
|- |-
|] alone (NH)
| ]
|12,376
| {{nowrap|184 feet (56 m)}}
|14,878
| 12
|style='background: #ffffe6; |16,649
|2.76%
|2.73%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.95%
|- |-
|Native American or ] alone (NH)
| ]
|14,813
| {{nowrap|180 feet (55 m)}}
|20,627
| 13
|style='background: #ffffe6; |25,195
|3.30%
|3.78%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.46%
|- |-
|] alone (NH)
| ]
|9,689
| {{nowrap|176 feet (54 m)}}
|13,674
| 7
|style='background: #ffffe6; |18,041
|2.16%
|2.51%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.20%
|-
|] alone (NH)
|339
|418
|style='background: #ffffe6; |483
|0.08%
|0.08%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.09%
|-
|] alone (NH)
|682
|1,224
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,888
|0.15%
|0.22%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.51%
|-
|] (NH)
|7,738
|10,043
|style='background: #ffffe6; |19,099
|1.72%
|1.84%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.38%
|-
|] (any race)
|179,075
|255,055
|style='background: #ffffe6; |269,238
|39.92%
|46.73%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |47.69%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''448,607'''
|'''545,852'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''564,559'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|} |}


In 2010, about one-third of Albuquerque households (33.3%) had children under the age of 18, 43.6% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families; 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.02.
{{seealso|List of tallest buildings in Albuquerque}}


In 2010, the age distribution was 24.5% under 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65&nbsp;or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.
], credited with developing and popularizing the ] style, was based in ] but received an important Albuquerque commission in 1933 as the architect of the ]. He retained this commission for the next quarter-century and developed the University's distinctive Southwest style. <ref name="Simmons" />{{Rp|317}}


In 2010, the median income for a household in the city was $38,272, and the median income for a family was $46,979. Males had a median income of $34,208 versus $26,397 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,884. About 10.0% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.
Due to the nature of the soil in the Rio Grande Valley, the skyline is lower than might be expected in a city of commensurate size elsewhere. {{Fact|date=June 2007}}


The ] had 923,630 residents in July 2020.<ref name="2020Pop"/> The area includes ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and part of ]. This metro is part of the larger ] (CSA), with a population of 1,171,991 as of 2016. The CSA constitutes the southernmost point of the ] ], with a population of 5,467,633 according to the ], including other major ] ] cities such as ], Wyoming; ], Colorado; and ].
Albuquerque boasts a unique nighttime cityscape. Many building exteriors are illuminated in vibrant colors. The Wells Fargo Building is illuminated green. The DoubleTree Hotel and the Compass Bank building are illuminated blue. The ] of the county courthouse is illuminated yellow, while the tops of the Bank of Albuquerque and the Bank of the West are illuminated reddish-yellow.


===Religion===
Albuquerque has expanded greatly in area since the mid 1940s. During those years of expansion, the planning of the newer areas has considered that people drive rather than walk. The pre-1940s parts of Albuquerque are quite different in style and scale from the post 1940s areas. These older areas include the North Valley, the South Valley, various neighborhoods near downtown, and Corrales. The newer areas generally feature 4 to 6 lane roads in a <span style="white-space:nowrap">1&nbsp;mile&nbsp;(1.61&nbsp;km)</span> grid. Each <span style="white-space:nowrap">1&nbsp;square mile&nbsp;(2.59&nbsp;km²)</span> is divided into four {{convert|160|acre|km2|sing=on}} neighborhoods by smaller roads set <span style="white-space:nowrap">0.5&nbsp;miles&nbsp;(0.8&nbsp;km)</span> between major roads. When driving along major roads in the newer sections of Albuquerque, one sees strip malls, signs, and cinderblock walls. The upside of this planning style is that neighborhoods are shielded from the worst of the noise and lights on the major roads. The downside is that it is virtually impossible to go anywhere from home without driving.


{{pie chart|label1=]|label2=]|label4=]|label3=]|label5=]|label6=]|label7=]|label8=]|label9=]|label10=Other faiths|color1=Whitesmoke|color2=DarkOrchid|color3=Dodgerblue|color4=Crimson|color5=Gold|color6=Blue|color7=Green|color8=DarkSlateBlue|color9=Orange|color10=DarkGrey|value1=52.8|value2=26.5|value3=16.3|value4=2.1|value5=1|value6=0.4|value7=0.3|value8=0.2|value9=0.1|value10=0.3|caption=Religion in Albuquerque<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dwellics.com/new-mexico/community-in-albuquerque |title=Explore the Community Dynamics of Albuquerque |access-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415151425/https://dwellics.com/new-mexico/community-in-albuquerque |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
====Quadrants====
Albuquerque is geographically divided into four ]s which are officially part of the mailing address. They are '''NE''' (northeast), '''NW''' (northwest), '''SE''' (southeast), and '''SW''' (southwest). The north-south dividing line is Central Avenue (the path that ] took through the city) and the east-west dividing line is the ] tracks.


Of the residents of Albuquerque who are religious, the majority of them are Christian.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/city/new_mexico/albuquerque |title=Albuquerque, New Mexico Religion |website=bestplaces.net |access-date=October 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023170308/https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/city/new_mexico/albuquerque |archive-date=October 23, 2021 }}</ref> Reflecting its long history as a Spanish city, ] is the largest denomination; Catholics are served by the ], whose administrative center is located in Albuquerque.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archdiocese of Santa Fe |url=https://archdiosf.org/ |access-date=October 18, 2022 |website=Archdiocese of Santa Fe |language=en |archive-date=October 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018143203/https://archdiosf.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Collectively, other Christian churches and organizations, such as the ] and ], among others, make up the second largest group. ] form the third largest Christian group, followed by ], ], ], ], ] and ].
]
===== Northeast Quadrant =====


] is the second-largest non-Christian religion in Albuquerque;<ref name=":0" /> ], a ] synagogue established in 1897, is the oldest extant Jewish organization in New Mexico.<ref name="congregationalbert.org" /> Islam is the next largest minority religion, with an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 adherents, representing 85% of the state's Muslim population.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gorman |first=Steve |date=August 8, 2022 |title=New Mexico police seek public's help in probe of four Muslim slayings |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-stands-with-muslims-after-horrific-killings-new-mexico-2022-08-07/ |access-date=December 20, 2022 |archive-date=December 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221220202109/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-stands-with-muslims-after-horrific-killings-new-mexico-2022-08-07/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The ] is the largest mosque in Albuquerque, hosting daily prayers and activities for both Muslims and non-Muslims.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://icnmabq.com/about-us |access-date=October 18, 2022 |website=Islamic Center of New Mexico |language=en-US |archive-date=September 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927105222/http://icnmabq.com/about-us |url-status=dead }}</ref>
This quadrant has been experiencing a housing expansion since the late 1950s. It abuts the base of the Sandia Mountains and contains portions of the Sandia Heights neighborhoods, which are situated in or near the foothills and are significantly higher, in elevation and price range, than the rest of the city. Running from Central Ave. and the railroad tracks to the ], this is the largest quadrant both geographically and by population. The ], the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, the Uptown area which includes Coronado Center, Winrock Town Center, and the newly completed ABQ Uptown (outdoor shopping and restaurants), Journal Center (with over 2 million square feet (180,000 m²) of office space), Balloon Fiesta Park, and ] are all located in this quadrant. Some of the most affluent neighborhoods in the city are located here, including High Desert, Primrose Pointe, Tanoan, Glenwood Hills, Sandia Heights, and North Albuquerque Acres. (Parts of Sandia Heights and North Albuquerque Acres are outside the city limits proper.) A few houses in the farthest reach of this quadrant lie in the ], just over the line into ].


The Albuquerque Sikh Gurudwara and Guru Nanak Gurdwara Albuquerque serve the city's Sikh population, while the main Hindu organizations are the Hindu Temple Society of New Mexico and Gayatri Temple.<ref>{{Cite web |last=HTSNM |title=HTSNM |url=https://htsnm.org/ |access-date=December 22, 2022 |website=HTSNM |language=en-US |archive-date=December 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221222020322/https://htsnm.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> There are several Buddhist temples and centers throughout the city, representing different movements and schools, such as ] and ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 10 Best Buddhist Temples in Albuquerque, NM - Last Updated December 2022 |url=https://www.yelp.com/search?cflt=buddhist_temples&find_loc=Albuquerque%2C+NM |access-date=December 22, 2022 |website=Yelp |language=en-US |archive-date=December 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221222020322/https://www.yelp.com/search?cflt=buddhist_temples&find_loc=Albuquerque,+NM |url-status=live }}</ref>
===== Northwest Quadrant =====


===Homelessness===
This quadrant contains historic ], which dates back to the 1700s, as well as the ]. The area has a mixture of commercial, low-income, middle-income, and some of the more expensive homes in the city. Northwest Albuquerque includes the largest section of ], the Rio Grande Nature Center State Park and the ] (''"woodlands"'' Cottonwood forest), the ], ], the historic Martineztown neighborhood, the Paradise Hills Area, and ]. Additionally, the "North Valley" area, which includes some small ranches and upscale residential homes along the ], is located in this quadrant. The City of Albuquerque engulfs the village of ] and borders ] in the northwest valley. The rapidly-developing area on the west side of the river is known as the "westside" and consists primarily of traditional residential subdivisions. Here the city proper is bordered on the north by the ].
{{main|Homelessness in New Mexico}}
Like many major American cities, Albuquerque struggles with homelessness, which has become more visible since the 2000s. According to Rock at Noon Day, a homeless services center, there were an estimated 4,000 to 4,500 homeless people living in the Albuquerque metropolitan area in 2019, with millennials and elderly accounting for the fastest growing segments.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Annual count shows city's homeless numbers up - Albuquerque Journal |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/1355819/annual-count-shows-citys-homeless-numbers-up.html |access-date=December 22, 2022 |website=www.abqjournal.com |date=August 20, 2019 |archive-date=December 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206181750/https://www.abqjournal.com/1355819/annual-count-shows-citys-homeless-numbers-up.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ] spokeswoman Monica Armenta said the number of homeless children enrolled in district schools (meaning children from families that have no permanent address) has consistently ranged from 3,200 to 3,500. The Coordinated Entry System, a centralized citywide system used to track and fill supportive housing openings when they become available, shows that about 5,000 households experienced homelessness in 2018.<ref name=":1" /> Homelessness is particularly concentrated around Downtown, and also in the ] off Central Avenue, which suffers from chronic ] and drug use.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://abqjournal.com/1355819/annual-count-shows-citys-homeless-numbers-up.html |publisher=] |title=Annual count shows city's homeless numbers' up |date=August 2019 |author=Nathanson, Rick |access-date=October 20, 2023 |archive-date=March 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324194436/https://www.abqjournal.com/1355819/annual-count-shows-citys-homeless-numbers-up.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==Arts and culture==
===== Southeast Quadrant =====


{{see also|List of historic landmarks in Albuquerque, New Mexico|List of points of interest in Albuquerque, New Mexico}}
<!-- Deleted image removed: ] -->
], ], ], the ] main campus, the ], ], ], and ] ("The Pit") are located in the Southeast (SE) quadrant.


]]]
The Nob Hill and East Downtown (EDo) neighborhoods lie along Central Avenue, the border between the Southeast and Northeast quadrants. The expensive residential developments of Four Hills, located in the Manzano foothills, Volterra, Willow Wood, and Ridgecrest are also located in this quadrant. In sharp contrast to these upscale developments, some of the most poverty-stricken neighborhoods in the city are also located in Southeast Albuquerque. During the past two decades, parts of the SE quadrant, mainly around Gibson Blvd. and Central Ave., have become high crime areas. However, recent developments in the neighborhood such as the Cesar Chavez Community Center, Veterans' Memorial, and the renovated Talin Market have shown that this area is reestablishing itself as one of many cultural centers in the city.


Albuquerque hosts the ], the world's largest gathering of hot-air balloons, taking place every October at Balloon Fiesta Park, with its 47-acre launch field.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/20/travel/escapes/20Ahead.html |title=Up, Up and Gently Away |last=Dixon |first=Chris |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 20, 2007 |access-date=September 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084723/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/20/travel/escapes/20Ahead.html |archive-date=September 15, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Another large venue is Expo New Mexico, where other annual events are held, such as North America's largest ] at the ], as well as the ]. Other major venues throughout the metropolitan area include the ], the University of New Mexico's Popejoy Hall, ], and ]. ]'s Plaza, Hotel, and ] hosts traditional fiestas and events such as weddings, also near Old Town are the ], ], ], ], ], and ]. Other notable museums in Albuquerque include the ] and the ] and more can be found ]. Located in ] are historic theaters such as the ], which is located across the street from the ], and the ]. Near the ] is the ] Pavilion and ] with its Kiva Auditorium. Due to its population size, the metropolitan area regularly receives most national and international music concerts, ]s, and other large traveling events, as well as ], and ].
===== Southwest Quadrant =====


]
Traditionally consisting of agricultural and rural areas, the Southwest quadrant is often referred to as the "South Valley". Although the city limits of Albuquerque do not include all of the area, the South Valley is considered to extend all the way to the ]. This includes the old communities of Atrisco, Los Padillas, Kinney, Mountainview, and Pajarito. The south end of downtown Albuquerque and the ] ("woodlands" cottonwood forest), the historic ] neighborhood, the National Hispanic Cultural Center, the ] (which is part of the City's Albuquerque Biological Park system), and ] are also located here.


], adjacent to Albuquerque, provides both winter and summer recreation in the ]. It features ], the world's second-longest passenger aerial tramway, and the longest in the Americas. It stretches from the northeast edge of the city to ], the summit of the ski resort, and has the world's third-longest single span. Elevation at the summit is roughly {{cvt|10300|ft|m}} above sea level, or "ten-three".
The southwest area is currently undergoing rapid and controversial development, including large retail stores and quickly-built subdivisions.


===Media and entertainment===
==Demographics==
{{further|Media in Albuquerque, New Mexico}}
{{USCensusPop
|1890=3785
|1900= 6238
|1910=11020
|1920=15157
|1930=26570
|1940=35449
|1950=96815
|1960=201189
|1970=244501
|1980=332920
|1990=384736
|2000=448607
|estimate=518271
|estyear=2007
|estref= <ref name="Census PopEst over 100,000 2007" />
|footnote=Sources: 1890-1990<ref>{{cite book
|title=Population and Housing Unit Counts
|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-1-1.pdf
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2008-07-03
|series=1990 Census of Population and Housing
|volume=CPH-2-1
|publisher= U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census
|pages=593–594
|chapter=Table 46. Population Rank of Incorporated Places of 100,000 Population or More, 1990; Population, 1790 to 1990; Housing Units: 1940 to 1990}}
</ref>, 2000<ref name="ABQ 2006 pop">
{{cite web
|url= http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2006-04-35.csv
|title= Population Estimates for All Places: 2000 to 2006
|accessdate= 2008-06-24
|date= 2007-06-29
|publisher= US Census Bureau, Population Division
}}
</ref>
}}
===Census 2000 data===
As of the ]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 448,607 people, 183,236 households, and 112,690 families residing in the city. The ] was 2,483.4 people per square mile (958.9/km²). There were 198,465 housing units at an average density of 1,098.7/sq&nbsp;mi (424.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 71.59% ], 3.09% ] or ], 3.89% ], 2.24% ], 0.10% ], 14.78% from ], and 4.31% Multiracial (from two or more races). 39.92% of the population were ] or ] of any race.


Albuquerque is a hub for ]s, including ], which is one of the primary productions hubs for ]. Several major motion pictures and television shows have been filmed and produced in Albuquerque, including scenes from '']'' ],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.westernclippings.com/remember/elfegobaca_doyouremember.shtml |title=Do You Remember... "The Nine Lives of Elfego Baca" |access-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717023139/http://www.westernclippings.com/remember/elfegobaca_doyouremember.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Szasz 2006 pp. 261–274">{{cite journal |last=Szasz |first=Ferenc Morton |title=A New Mexican |journal=Journal of the Southwest |volume=48 |issue=3 |year=2006 |issn=0894-8410 |jstor=40170324 |pages=261–274 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40170324 |access-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717022853/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40170324 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="B 2012">{{cite web |title=LibGuides: ABQPedia: B |website=B |date=November 4, 2012 |url=https://abqlibrary.org/abqpedia/b |access-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717022851/https://abqlibrary.org/abqpedia/b |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="New Mexico True 1970">{{cite web |title=Cerrillos New Mexico Ghost Town - Haunted Places: Old Abandoned Mining Towns |website=New Mexico True |url=https://www.newmexico.org/places-to-visit/ghost-towns/cerrillos/ |access-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-date=June 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605093007/https://www.newmexico.org/places-to-visit/ghost-towns/cerrillos/ |url-status=live }}</ref> '']'', the ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Janela |first=Mike |title=Breaking Bad Cooks Up Record-Breaking Formula for Guinness World Records 2014 Edition |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/9/breaking-bad-cooks-up-record-breaking-formula-for-guinness-world-records-2014-edition-51000/ |work=Guinness World Records 2014 |date=September 4, 2013 |access-date=October 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024153945/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/9/breaking-bad-cooks-up-record-breaking-formula-for-guinness-world-records-2014-edition-51000/ |archive-date=October 24, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Faust |first=Chris Gray |title='Breaking Bad' has been very good for Albuquerque |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/2013/08/11/breaking-bad-albuquerque-tourism/2636859/ |newspaper=] |access-date=October 19, 2013 |date=August 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020154719/http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/destinations/2013/08/11/breaking-bad-albuquerque-tourism/2636859/ |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Verrier |first=Richard |title='Breaking Bad' Tourism Boost Will Last Long After Series Leaves Albuquerque |url=http://skift.com/2013/08/07/breaking-bad-tourism-boost-will-last-long-after-series-leaves-albuquerque/ |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=August 7, 2013 |access-date=October 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020233200/http://skift.com/2013/08/07/breaking-bad-tourism-boost-will-last-long-after-series-leaves-albuquerque/ |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title='Breaking Bad' brings tourists to Albuquerque for 'meth' treats like blue rock candy, bath salts |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/breaking-bad-boosts-albuquerque-tourism-article-1.1289815 |work=Daily News |location=New York |access-date=October 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021084834/http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/breaking-bad-boosts-albuquerque-tourism-article-1.1289815 |archive-date=October 21, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Thoren |first=Laura |title=Buzz surrounds 'burial' for Walter White 'Breaking Bad' character to have services in ABQ cemetery |url=http://www.koat.com/news/new-mexico/albuquerque/buzz-surrounds-burial-for-walter-white/-/9153728/22514828/-/kmocfu/-/index.html?absolute=true |work=KOAT-TV 7 News |access-date=October 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023061915/http://www.koat.com/news/new-mexico/albuquerque/buzz-surrounds-burial-for-walter-white/-/9153728/22514828/-/kmocfu/-/index.html?absolute=true |archive-date=October 23, 2013 }}</ref> '']'',<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://ballantinespr.com/News/Pacifica_Ventures/avengers.html |title=Behind the Scenes: "The Avengers" in Albuquerque, NM |date=May 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505175412/http://ballantinespr.com/News/Pacifica_Ventures/avengers.html |archive-date=May 5, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visitalbuquerque.org/albuquerque/film-tourism/better-call-saul/ |title=Better Call Saul in Albuquerque |website=visitalbuquerque.org |access-date=February 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226152818/http://www.visitalbuquerque.org/albuquerque/film-tourism/better-call-saul/ |archive-date=February 26, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> '']'',<ref>Adrian Gomez, {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314104551/https://www.abqjournal.com/408215/millions-of-eyeballs-on-state-as-movie-opens.html |date=March 14, 2018 }}, Albuquerque Journal, May 30, 2014</ref> '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']'' ]. ] also has a sizable and expanding presence in the city, as do independent ] studios.<ref name="KRWG-2021">{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2021 |title=NBC Universal Officially Opens its New Mexico Production Facility |url=https://www.krwg.org/post/nbcuniversal-officially-opens-its-new-mexico-production-facility |access-date=August 8, 2021 |website=www.krwg.org |language=en |archive-date=August 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210808033951/https://www.krwg.org/post/nbcuniversal-officially-opens-its-new-mexico-production-facility |url-status=live }}</ref>
There were 183,236 households out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were ] living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.02.


Numerous works of fiction take place, either fully or in part, in the Albuquerque metropolitan area including '']'' (1948 Western), '']'', '']'', '']'' (along with its spin-offs '']'' and '']''), and '']''.<ref>Singh, Olivia. , ''Insider'', January 17, 2020.</ref> The city is referenced in ]'s 1967 album ''Lights of Albuquerque'', ]'s 1986 song "The Lights of Albuquerque", ]'s song "]", and ]'s song "]". The city is referenced in "]", the 15th episode of the ] of '']'', which features Albuquerque as the location where the owners of the Springfield Isotopes baseball team wish to relocate; the episode inspired the name of the real ] ] team.<ref>Draper, Heather. {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925004053/http://www.bizjournals.com/denver/news/2014/09/17/colorado-rockies-drop-sky-sox-pick-up-albuquerque.html |date=September 25, 2014 }}, ''Denver Business Journal'', September 17, 2014.</ref> Many ] cartoon ] feature Bugs traveling around the world by burrowing underground. Ending up in the wrong place, Bugs consults a map, complaining, "I knew I should have taken that left turn at Albuquerque." Failure to do so can somehow result in Bugs ending up thousands of miles off-course. (Bugs first uses that line in 1945's '']''.)<ref name="bcdb">{{Cite news |url=http://blog.bcdb.com/cartoon-day-herr-meets-hare-5572/ |title=Herr Meets Hare |publisher=BCDB |date=January 10, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130215142153/http://blog.bcdb.com/cartoon-day-herr-meets-hare-5572/ |archive-date=February 15, 2013 }}</ref>
In the city the population was spread out with 24.5% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.


The city is served by one major newspaper, the ''],'' which, along with '']'', is distributed throughout the Southwestern United States and catalogued by the ]. ''The Journal'' is New Mexico's most widely circulated newspaper, and used to compete with '']'' until 2008; today ''The Journal'' competes with '']'' and '']''. The Albuquerque metropolitan area itself has other local periodicals, '']'', ''] Observer'', ''] Comment'', and the student newspapers of ''The Lobo'' at ] and ''CNM Chronicle'' at ].
The median income for a household in the city was $38,272, and the median income for a family was $46,979. Males had a median income of $34,208 versus $26,397 for females. The ] for the city was $20,884. About 10.0% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the ], including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.


Albuquerque is also home to numerous radio and television stations that serve the metropolitan and outlying rural areas. Albuquerque is home to eighteen broadcast television stations, including ], ], ], and ], although most households are served by direct ] network connections. ] nearly has a monopoly on terrestrial cable service in the city, but not throughout the entire Albuquerque-Santa Fe ], which is ranked as the 48th largest television market in the United States, Comcast shares the metropolitan market with ], Unite Private Networks, and various satellite and wireless providers.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021 Nielsen DMA Rankings |url=https://oaaa.org/Portals/0/Public%20PDFs/OAAA%202021%20NIELSEN%20DMA%20Rankings%20Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224031435/https://oaaa.org/Portals/0/Public%20PDFs/OAAA%202021%20NIELSEN%20DMA%20Rankings%20Report.pdf |archive-date=February 24, 2022 |access-date=March 10, 2022 |work=Out of Home Advertising Association of America }}</ref>
===2007 estimates===
Albuquerque and the Albuquerque ]'s July 1, 2007 populations were estimated at 518,271 and 835,120 respectively by the ]'s Population Estimates Program.<ref name="Census PopEst over 100,000 2007"/><ref name="Census PopEst MSA 2007"/>


] outlets in the city include ] which owns the ] signal, and independent Christian broadcasting exists on ]. Each of the Albuquerque metropolitan area's megachurches have media presence with broadcasts of their sermons, those include Legacy, Calvary, and Sagebrush. ] is found on FM and AM through ], ], ], ], and ].
At the 2005–2007 U.S. Census American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates, the city had 488,416 persons of a single race, divided as: White, 342,324 (70.1%); Black, 17,072 (3.5%); American Indian or Alaskan Native, 24,891 (5.1%); Asian, 12,848 (2.6%); Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 793 (0.2%); and some other race, 90,488 (18.5%). There were 17,162 (3.4% of the population) of two or more races. There were 221,175 (43.7% of the population) Hispanics (of any race).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=16000US3502000&-qr_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_DP3YR5&-context=adp&-ds_name=&-tree_id=3307&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format= |title=American FactFinder: Albuquerque city, New Mexico: ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2005-2007 |accessdate=2009-02-14 |work= |publisher=US Census Bureau |date= }}</ref>


====Radio and music====
==Economy==

One of the longest running ] in the United States is an ] station called ].<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018160257/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.319510008420257&view=1up&seq=363 |date=October 18, 2022 }}, ''Radio Service Bulletin'', May 1, 1922, page 5. Three month license, Serial no. 601, issued April 5, 1922, authorizing operation on 360 and 485 meters (833 and 619 kHz). The KOB ] had previously been assigned to the ''Princess Anne'', before its February 2, 1920, shipwreck on Rockaway Shoals, Long Island. ( by William Fenwick, ''Radio Broadcast'', July 1928, page 150.)</ref> The first officially licensed ] broadcast in Albuquerque was ] which mostly broadcasts the ] genre and ] programming.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Broderick |first1=Gertrude G. |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100669725 |title=List of educational AM and FM radio, and television stations by state and city. |last2=United States |date=1958 |publisher=U.S. Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare. Office of Education |location=Washington |archive-date=October 18, 2022 |access-date=October 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018151753/https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100669725 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=KANW - Homepage |url=https://www.kanw.com/ |access-date=October 18, 2022 |website=KANW {{!}} New Mexico Public Radio |language=en |archive-date=October 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018151751/https://www.kanw.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Performers such as ], ], ], and ] popularized New Mexico's Hispano and Native American folk genre by blending it with ], ], ], ], ], and rock music.<ref name="Arellano 2017">{{cite web |last=Arellano |first=Gustavo |title=The 10 Best Songs of New Mexico Music, America's Forgotten Folk Genre |website=Latino USA |date=November 8, 2017 |url=https://www.latinousa.org/2017/11/08/10-best-songs-new-mexico-music-americas-forgotten-folk-genre/ |access-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216234323/https://www.latinousa.org/2017/11/08/10-best-songs-new-mexico-music-americas-forgotten-folk-genre/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Then mayor ] named the center stage of ] the "Al Hurricane Pavilion".<ref name="City of Albuquerque Tribute">{{cite web |date=March 14, 2022 |title=Tribute to a Legend: "The Godfather" Al Hurricane |url=https://www.cabq.gov/council/events/tribute-to-a-legend-201cthe-godfather201d-al-hurricane |access-date=May 17, 2022 |website=City of Albuquerque |archive-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125003144/https://www.cabq.gov/council/events/tribute-to-a-legend-201cthe-godfather201d-al-hurricane |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Interns 2017">{{cite web |last1=Lamadrid |first1=Enrique |last2=Martinez |first2=Ashley |date=October 31, 2017 |title=Viejo el viento - Remembering Al Hurricane |url=https://folklife.si.edu/talkstory/viejo-el-viento-remembering-al-hurricane |access-date=May 17, 2022 |website=Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216234327/https://folklife.si.edu/talkstory/viejo-el-viento-remembering-al-hurricane |url-status=live }}</ref> Regional folk and country music continues to be played on local radio, such as the New Mexico music genre specific ], as well as ] on Saturdays, country radio stations ] and ], along with KBQI's ] "98.1 The Bull", and Regional Mexican radio on ].

Other forms of ] are represented on ]: ] is featured on ]. During the 1990s, the ] radio format had two major stations, on ] and ].<ref name="Billboard p. 1-PA63">{{cite book |title=Billboard |date=November 28, 1998 |publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc. |issn=0006-2510 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MAoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA63 |language=de |access-date=November 13, 2022 |page=1-PA63 }}</ref> Today, KISS 97.3 still exists, though WILD has changed to a variety of formats. In the 2000s ] stations focusing on ], ], and ] became popular in the city, including the FM station ]. During this time, ] garnered success with ], branded as M88 in its earlier days, due to the crossover of ] and ] with popular music.<ref name="Scarantino 2020">{{cite web |last=Scarantino |first=Jim |title=Tattooed Christians |website=alibi |date=September 3, 2020 |url=https://alibi.com/news/17256/story.html |access-date=November 13, 2022 |archive-date=November 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113192116/https://alibi.com/news/17256/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="alibi 2020">{{cite web |title=M88 |website=alibi |date=September 3, 2020 |url=https://alibi.com/index.php?tag=M88 |access-date=November 13, 2022 |archive-date=November 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113192116/https://alibi.com/index.php?tag=M88 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Music groups based in Albuquerque include ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].

] has several outlets in the Albuquerque area. Including a public radio station run by The University of New Mexico ],<ref>{{Cite web |title=KUNM - Homepage |url=https://www.kunm.org/ |access-date=October 18, 2022 |website=KUNM |language=en |archive-date=October 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018151755/https://www.kunm.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> for ] there is ] "The Rock of Talk" owned by Eddy Aragon,<ref name="Albuquerque Journal Eddy Aragon 2021">{{cite web |title=Q&A mayoral candidate Edward Joseph Aragon Jr. |website=Albuquerque Journal |date=September 28, 2021 |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/2433178/qa-mayoral-candidate-edward-joseph-aragon-jr.html |access-date=November 13, 2022 |archive-date=November 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113192115/https://www.abqjournal.com/2433178/qa-mayoral-candidate-edward-joseph-aragon-jr.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and ] has a ] station affiliated with ]. As for ] there is ] "The Sports Animal" and ] "The Team".

===Food and agriculture===

As a large and multicultural city, Albuquerque is home to a variety of ]s, in addition to local ]. ] receive statewide attention, with several becoming ]; the city hosts the headquarters of ], ], ], ], ], and ], most of which offer New Mexican fare.

As the focus of the ], the city is punctuated by agricultural ]s that contrast with the otherwise heavily urban settings. Crops such as ] are grown along the entire Rio Grande; the red or green chile pepper is a staple of New Mexican cuisine and widely available in restaurants, including national fast-food chains. Likewise, the Albuquerque metro is a major contributor to the ], where ] is produced at several vineyards; the river also provides trade access to the ] to the south (containing ] and ]), with its ], and the adjacent ], which is well known for its New Mexico chile peppers. Albuquerque also has a burgeoning ]

===International Balloon Fiesta===

{{main|Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta}}

]]]

The ] takes place at Balloon Fiesta Park the first week of October. Although the global COVID-19 forced the cancellation of the 2020 event, The Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta successfully returned in 2021. It is one of Albuquerque's biggest attractions. Hundreds of hot-air balloons are seen every day, and there is live music, arts and crafts, and food.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.balloonfiesta.com/guest-guide |title=Guest Info |website=Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta |access-date=September 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160906111828/http://www.balloonfiesta.com/guest-guide |archive-date=September 6, 2016 }}</ref>


===Architecture===
Albuquerque lies at the center of the New Mexico Technology Corridor, a concentration of high-tech private companies and government institutions along the Rio Grande. Larger institutions whose employees contribute to the population are numerous and include ], ], and the attendant contracting companies which bring highly educated workers to a somewhat isolated region. ] operates a large semiconductor factory or "]" just outside the city boundaries of suburban ], in neighboring ], with its attendant large capital investment. ] is located along I-25 in northeast Albuquerque, and ] is located on the West Mesa next to I-40.


{{see also|list of tallest buildings in Albuquerque}}
The ] and architectural-design innovator ] located his company, Zomeworks, to the region in the late 1960s; and ], ], and ] cooperate here in an enterprise that began with the ]. In January 2007, Tempur-Pedic opened an {{convert|800000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} mattress factory in northwest Albuquerque. SCHOTT Solar, Inc., announced in January 2008 they will open a {{convert|200000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} facility manufacturing receivers for concentrated solar thermal power plants (CSP) and 64MW of photovoltaic (PV) modules.


] is filled with ] architecture and design.]]
Forbes Magazine rated Albuquerque the best city in America for business and careers in 2006<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/1/2811.html |title=Best Places For Business And Careers 2006 |accessdate=20 Jan 2009 |publisher=Forbes Magazine |date=2006-01-01}}</ref> and the 13th best (out of 200 metro areas) in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/1/bestplaces08_Best-Places-For-Business-And-Careers_Rank.html |title=Best Places For Business And Careers |accessdate=23 December 2008 |publisher=Forbes Magazine |date=2008-03-19}}</ref>


The original architecture of ''La Villa de Albuquerque'' is referred to as the ], it was revitalized as the ]. Architect ] is often credited with this revival.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
== Arts and culture ==
===Annual cultural events===


John Gaw Meem is also credited with developing and popularizing the ] style, which was based in ] but received an important Albuquerque commission in 1933 as the architect of the ]. He retained this commission for the next quarter-century and developed the university's distinctive Southwest style.<ref name="Simmons" /> {{Rp|317}} Meem also designed the ] in 1950.<ref name="diocese">{{cite web |url=http://www.dioceserg.org/pages/view/history_of_the_diocese |title=History of the Diocese |publisher=Diocese of the Rio Grande |access-date=January 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328194349/http://www.dioceserg.org/pages/view/history_of_the_diocese |archive-date=March 28, 2014 }}</ref>
The city hosts the annual ] for 17 days in September at ], formerly the New Mexico State Fairgrounds.


] was derived from Pueblo and Territorial styles meeting the ] movement, and it is richly featured in ]. Albuquerque boasts a unique nighttime cityscape, personified in the lights of Albuquerque, a common motif in art and song.<ref name="When The Cowboy Sings 2021">{{cite web |title=Jim Glaser performs "The Lights of Albuquerque" Live On The Marty Stuart Show. |website=When The Cowboy Sings |date=May 2, 2021 |url=https://whentcowboysings.com/jim-glaser-the-lights-of-albuquerque/ |access-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-date=June 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626081055/https://whentcowboysings.com/jim-glaser-the-lights-of-albuquerque/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="AllMusic">{{cite web |title=Lights of Albuquerque by Billy Mize - Track Info |website=AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/song/lights-of-albuquerque-mt0055255738 |access-date=June 30, 2022 }}</ref><ref name="AllMusic 2007">{{cite web |title=The Lights of Albuquerque by Pat Duran - Track Info |website=AllMusic |date=February 14, 2007 |url=https://www.allmusic.com/song/the-lights-of-albuquerque-mt0016725986 |access-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630073456/https://www.allmusic.com/song/the-lights-of-albuquerque-mt0016725986 |url-status=live }}</ref> The city lights twinkle and glitter from views on Nine Mile Hill, it was among ]'s favorite views.<ref name="City of Albuquerque 2022">{{cite web |title=Fashion in 1950s Albuquerque |website=City of Albuquerque |date=March 14, 2022 |url=https://www.cabq.gov/artsculture/albuquerque-museum/museum-collections/history/online-history-exhibitions/fashion-in-1950s-albuquerque |access-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517073123/https://www.cabq.gov/artsculture/albuquerque-museum/museum-collections/history/online-history-exhibitions/fashion-in-1950s-albuquerque |url-status=live }}</ref> ] era neon signs, and LED style versions of the neon-style are common throughout the city. Many building exteriors are illuminated in vibrant colors such as green and blue. The Wells Fargo Building is illuminated green.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} The ] changes colors nightly, and the Compass Bank building is illuminated blue. The ] of the county courthouse is illuminated yellow, while the tops of the Bank of Albuquerque and the Bank of the West are illuminated reddish-yellow. Due to the nature of the soil in the Rio Grande Valley, the skyline is lower than might be expected in a city of comparable size elsewhere, and it was used to highlight the low-lying architecture of heritage Pueblo and Hispano architectural styles.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
Albuquerque also has the largest ] gathering in the world. It is called the ] and it is held during early October. It was started in 1972 with 13 balloons. It progressed and in 2000 there were a record 1000 balloons that attended and lifted off in a mass ascension. Since 2000 the officials keep it to no more than 700 registered balloons for safety, and it is the most photographed event in the world.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/features/balloonfiesta/tips_main.html |title=Balloon Fiesta Photo Tips from Rick Sammon |accessdate=2008-08-09 |publisher=Eastman Kodak Company }}</ref>
]


] is a historic park in central Albuquerque.]]
The city is also home to the annual Gathering of Nations ], an international event featuring over 3,000 indigenous ] dancers and singers representing more than 500 tribes from Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Dancers and singers participate socially and competitively at the event, held in April.


Albuquerque has expanded greatly in area since the mid-1940s. During those years of expansion, the planning of the newer areas has considered that people drive rather than walk. The pre-1940s parts of Albuquerque are quite different in style and scale from the post-1940s areas. The older areas include the North Valley, the South Valley, various neighborhoods near downtown, and Corrales. The newer areas generally feature four- to six-lane roads in a <span style="white-space:nowrap">1&nbsp;mile&nbsp;(1.61&nbsp;km)</span> grid. Each <span style="white-space:nowrap">1&nbsp;square mile&nbsp;(2.59&nbsp;km{{sup|2}})</span> is divided into four {{convert|160|acre|km2|adj=on}} neighborhoods by smaller roads set <span style="white-space:nowrap">0.5&nbsp;miles&nbsp;(0.8&nbsp;km)</span> between major roads. When driving along major roads in the newer sections of Albuquerque, one sees strip malls, signs, and cinderblock walls. The upside of this planning style is that neighborhoods are shielded from the worst of the noise and lights on the major roads.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
Albuquerque also annually hosts ] which is among the largest Science Fiction conventions in the South West.


===Libraries===
===Museums and other points of interest===


The ] system consists of nineteen libraries to serve the city, including the ], Special Collections branch (]), and ], which is located in the former home of noted war correspondent ].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://abqlibrary.org/about-us/mission |title=LibGuides: About Us: Mission |access-date=April 24, 2020 |archive-date=July 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725020327/https://abqlibrary.org/about-us/mission |url-status=live }}</ref> The Old Main Library was the first library of Albuquerque and from 1901 until 1948 it was the only public library. The original library was donated to the state by Joshua and Sarah Raynolds. After suffering some fire damage in 1923 the city decided it was time to construct a building for the library to be moved to, however, by 1970 even after additions were made the population and library needs had outgrown the building for its use as a main library and it was turned into Special Collections. The Old Main Library was recognized as a landmark in September 1979.
Albuquerque contains a variety of museums, shops and other points of interest. Some of these include the ] and ].
It was not until 1974 with the movement of the South Valley Library into a new building that the Bernalillo built and administered a public library. Not long after, in 1986, the Bernalillo and Albuquerque government decided that joint powers would work best to serve the needs of the community and created the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Library System.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://abqlibrary.org/libraryhistory |title=LibGuides: Library History: A Brief History of the Public Library |access-date=April 24, 2020 |archive-date=July 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725024149/https://abqlibrary.org/libraryhistory |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Parks and recreation===
Old town contains numerous shops and restaurants as well as a ghost tour performed by the Southwest Ghosthunters Association.


The ] is a major outdoors area in the city, it has to numerous hiking and ] trails. The ] and ] also have many hiking trails, such as ] and ]. According to the Trust for Public Land, Albuquerque has 291 public parks as of 2017, most of which are administered by the city Parks and Recreation Department. The total amount of parkland is 42.9 square miles (111 km2), or about 23% of the city's total area—one of the highest percentages among large cities in the U.S. About 82% of city residents live within walking distance of a park.
The Sandia Mountains to the East offer interesting and varied rock climbing. Climbs from one to 10 pitches can be found at all ability levels.


The ] manages the ], ], ], and ]. Amusement parks in the city include ] and Hinkle Family Fun Center;<ref name="Casselle 2010 p. 148">{{cite book |last=Casselle |first=T. |title=Insiders' Guide® to Albuquerque |publisher=Insider's Guide |series=Insiders' Guide Series |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-7627-6278-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mrW1DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA148 |language=ku |access-date=June 30, 2022 |page=148 }}</ref> there was formerly ], which became a vacant lot on Desert Surf Circle for several years, until ] made a ] in the lot.<ref name="KRQE Topgolf">{{cite web |title=Groundbreaking takes place for Topgolf |website=KRQE NEWS 13 - Breaking News, Albuquerque News, New Mexico News, Weather, and Videos |date=February 27, 2019 |url=https://www.krqe.com/news/groundbreaking-takes-place-for-topgolf/ |access-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-date=October 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006113100/https://www.krqe.com/news/groundbreaking-takes-place-for-topgolf/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The ], located adjacent to Albuquerque is the world's longest passenger aerial tramway. It also has the world's third longest single span. It stretches from the Northeast edge of the city to the crestline of the Sandia Mountains.


There are numerous golf courses in the city area; Arroyo Del Oso Golf Course, Isleta Eagle Golf Course, ], Los Altos Golf Course, Paa-Ko Ridge Golf Club, Paradise Hills Golf Course, Puerto del Sol Golf Course, Sandia Golf Club, Santa Ana Golf Club, Twin Warriors Golf Club, and University of New Mexico's Championship Golf Course.
{{further|], ]}}


=== References in popular culture === === Traditional arts ===
*In ] shorts where Bugs is travelling underground and does not end up where he thought he was going, while consulting a map, he would often say, "I knew I should've taken that left turn at Albuquerque."
*'']'' episode '']'' involves the ] baseball team considering relocating to Albuquerque. The ] are now a minor league affiliate of the ].<ref>{{cite news
| title = Doh! Go Isotopes!
| work = ]
| publisher = ]
| page = C8
| date = ]
| accessdate =2007-06-11
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| first = Dennis
| last = Latta
| title = Team President Throws Isotopes Name Into Play
| work = ]
| publisher = Albuquerque Publishing Company
| page = A1
| date = ]
| accessdate = 2007-06-11
}}</ref>
*In another episode of '']'', titled '']'', Krusty states that the presidential candidates have more hot air than the ].
*] wrote a song for his '']'' album called ].
*The Disney Channel Original Movies '']'', '']'' and '']'' are all set in Albuquerque, though none of them were filmed there. The main characters attend the fictitious East High School.
*In '']'', the family travels from Albuquerque to the pageant. The film, as with ''High School Musical'' above, was not filmed in New Mexico, but rather in parts of Arizona and California. (As a semi-interesting contrast, '']'' which "took place" in Tucson, Arizona, was in fact filmed in and around Albuquerque.)
*] wrote a song called "Albuquerque" for his album '']'' from 1975.
*The city of Albuquerque is mentioned in the American pop song '']'' written by songwriter '']''.
*The Partridge Family had a song called "Point Me In the Direction of Albuquerque" that was played in one of the episodes of the show.
*], a fictional character played by ] in the 1950s sitcom '']'', is from Albuquerque, which is featured in the episode "Ethel's Hometown." Vance, like her character, hails from Albuquerque.
*] mention Albuquerque in the chorus of their song "]".
*In his song "The Jazz Discharge Party Hats," ] tells a story set in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
*The show ](2008) on ] was filmed and takes place in and around Albuquerque.
*Albuquerque was mentioned by ] in the song "Wanted Man" he wrote with ].
*The USA Show ] takes place in Albuquerque, and prominently features many local landmarks.


Albuquerque is home to over 300 other visual arts, music, dance, literary, film, ethnic, and craft organizations, museums, festivals and associations, and the state's capital Santa Fe is known for being a major ]. One of the major art events in the state is the summertime New Mexico Arts and Crafts Fair, a nonprofit show exclusively for New Mexico artists and held annually in Albuquerque since 1961.<ref>{{cite book |title=A History of New Mexico |last2=Roberts |first2=Susan A. |last1=Roberts |first1=Calvin A. |year=2004 |page=319 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71N2246MioQC |publisher=] |location=Albuquerque |isbn=978-0826335074 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nmartsandcraftsfair.org/index.html |title=New Mexico Arts and Crafts Fair |year=2014 |work=Nmartsandcraftsfair.org |publisher=New Mexico Arts and Crafts Fair |access-date=January 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328194528/http://www.nmartsandcraftsfair.org/index.html |archive-date=March 28, 2014 }}</ref>
The 1976 movie Track Of The Moonbeast was filmed in Albuquerque(http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0075343/). Early in the movie you can see the old (west) entrance into the St. Joseph Healthcare hospital. St. Joe's is now called Lovelace Medical Center


==Sports== ==Sports==
], home to the ]]]
{{Unreferenced section|date=February 2009}}

{{Expand|section|date=February 2009}}
] baseball park]]

The ] are a minor league affiliate of the ], having derived their name from '']'' season 12 episode "]", which involves the ] baseball team considering relocating to Albuquerque.<ref>{{cite news |title=Doh! Go Isotopes! |newspaper=] |page=C8 |date=May 13, 2003}}<!--|access-date=June 11, 2007| first=Dennis| last=Latta| title=Team President Throws Isotopes Name into Play| newspaper=]| page=A1| date=September 5, 2002}}--><!--|access-date=June 11, 2007| title=Albuquerque Sol FC Joins PDL |url=http://www.uslsoccer.com/home/773765.html |publisher=USLSoccer.com |access-date=July 30, 2014 |date=December 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709042124/http://www.uslsoccer.com/home/773765.html |archive-date=July 9, 2014 }}--></ref>

On June 6, 2018, the ] division announced its latest soccer expansion club with ], who play their home matches at ].

Having been home to ] mainstays ], ], and ], Albuquerque later became home to Jackson Wink ] gym.<ref name="The Associated Press 2016">{{cite web |author=The Associated Press |title=Jackson Wink MMA gets attention for training top fighters |website=Newsday |date=March 4, 2016 |url=https://www.newsday.com/sports/mixed-martial-arts/jackson-wink-mma-gets-attention-for-training-top-fighters-r24334 |access-date=December 3, 2022 |archive-date=December 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203133845/https://www.newsday.com/sports/mixed-martial-arts/jackson-wink-mma-gets-attention-for-training-top-fighters-r24334 |url-status=live }}</ref> Several MMA world champions and fighters, including ] and ], train in that facility.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Raimondi |first1=Marc |title=UFC's first Albuquerque show is a long time coming for Jackson's MMA |url=http://www.foxsports.com/ufc/story/ufc-s-first-albuquerque-show-is-a-long-time-coming-for-jackson-s-mma-060614 |access-date=December 18, 2014 |work=] |date=June 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218195655/http://www.foxsports.com/ufc/story/ufc-s-first-albuquerque-show-is-a-long-time-coming-for-jackson-s-mma-060614 |archive-date=December 18, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Wright |first1=Rick |title=Duke City a dominant force in MMA |url=http://www.abqjournal.com/440117/sports/duke-city-a-dominant-force-in-mma.html |access-date=December 18, 2014 |newspaper=] |date=August 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218195936/http://www.abqjournal.com/440117/sports/duke-city-a-dominant-force-in-mma.html |archive-date=December 18, 2014 }}</ref> The ] offers Albuquerque golf tournaments with Sun Country Golf House, including the ] and the ] which have been hosted in the metropolitan area several times.<ref name="2022 Sun Country Section Event Schedule 2022">{{cite web |title=Sun Country PGA |website=2022 Sun Country Section Event Schedule |date=January 3, 2022 |url=https://suncpga.bluegolf.com/bluegolf/suncpga22/schedule/index.htm |access-date=September 26, 2022 }}</ref> Roller sports are finding a home in Albuquerque as they hosted USARS Championships in 2015,<ref>{{cite news |title=Roller skating champions to return to Lincoln in 2016 |url=http://journalstar.com/news/local/roller-skating-champions-to-return-to-lincoln-in/article_e7383a3a-d2f0-5275-a002-888bfc6fdcbe.html |access-date=September 29, 2015 |first=Kevin |last=Abourezk |newspaper=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905133235/http://journalstar.com/news/local/roller-skating-champions-to-return-to-lincoln-in/article_e7383a3a-d2f0-5275-a002-888bfc6fdcbe.html |archive-date=September 5, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> and are home to Roller hockey,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Hockey (Aztecs) |url=http://www.rollerskatecity.com/page/show/446845-albuquerque-aztecs |access-date=September 29, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930121634/https://www.rollerskatecity.com/page/show/446845-albuquerque-aztecs |archive-date=September 30, 2015 }}</ref> and Roller Derby teams.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hell on Skates: Roller derby enters the new millennium |url=http://alibi.com/news/49079/Hell-on-Skates.html |access-date=September 29, 2015 |first=Sonja |last=Dewing |date=May 7, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930123711/http://alibi.com/news/49079/Hell-on-Skates.html |archive-date=September 30, 2015 }}</ref>

While no longer operating in an official capacity, the defunct ] minor league baseball team still has a major following, and the ] organization is aware of the team's continued popularity.<ref name="Kocak 2012 p. 145">{{cite book |last=Kocak |first=P. |title=Baseball's Starry Night: Reliving Major League Baseball's 2011 Wild Card Night of Shock and Awe |publisher=Digitature |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-615-62230-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FzsNa5bAgU8C&pg=PA145 |access-date=July 1, 2022 |page=145 }}</ref> The Isotopes sometimes hold a Dukes Retro Night where they wear Dukes uniforms,<ref name="Albuquerque Journal 2021">{{cite web |title=Dukes Retro Night elicits fond memories |website=Albuquerque Journal |date=August 8, 2021 |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/2417775/dukes-retro-night-elicits-fond-memories.html |access-date=July 1, 2022 |archive-date=September 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925214947/https://www.abqjournal.com/2417775/dukes-retro-night-elicits-fond-memories.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and The Duke mascot continues to be an icon of the city.<ref name="Kocak 2012 p. 145"/><ref name="Snow 2022">{{cite web |last=Snow |first=Patricia Gabbett |title=Home Run |website=New Mexico Magazine |date=June 8, 2022 |url=https://www.newmexicomagazine.org/blog/post/dick-moots-albuquerque-dukes/ |access-date=July 1, 2022 |archive-date=July 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701060753/https://www.newmexicomagazine.org/blog/post/dick-moots-albuquerque-dukes/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


]
{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable"
|- |-
!Team
!Club
!Sport !Sport
!League !League
!Venue !Venue
!capacity
!Capacity
|- |-
|] |]
|] |Baseball
|] |]
|] |]
|12,500 |13,279
|-
|]
|]
|]
|]
|11,200
|- |-
|] |]
|Soccer
|]
|]
|]
|]
|]
|8,000 |13,279
|- |-
|]
|]
|Soccer
|]
|]
|]
|]
|]
|8,000 |1,500
|- |-
|]
|]
|] |Indoor Football
|]
|]
|6,000
|-
|]
|] ]
|] |]
|] |]
|41,000 |42,000
|- |-
|] |New Mexico Lobos (] and ])
|] |]
|] |]
|] (also known as The Pit) |]
|18,018 |15,411
|-
|]
|]
|
|Wells Park Community Center
|
|-
|]
|]
|]
|Outpost Ice Arenas
|
|-
|New Mexico Macanas
|]
|]
|Mesa Verde Community Center
|
|} |}


==Parks and Recreation== ==Government and politics==


{{main|Government of Albuquerque, New Mexico}}
Albuquerque has numerous parks, bike paths, and hiking areas scattered throughout the metro area. Most of the city's best biking and hiking areas are concentrated in and around the Sandia and Manzano foothills.


{| class=wikitable style="float:right; margin-left:1em"
The city was ranked #1 as the fittest city in the United States, according to a March 2007 issue of Men's Fitness magazine. The critera used in the study included the availability of gyms and bike paths, commute times, and federal health statistics on obesity-related injuries and illnesses.
! colspan = 6 |Albuquerque registered voters as of July 2016<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sos.state.nm.us/uploads/FileLinks/c2426e22e02d478ca940282b232f0647/STATEWIDE_JAN_29_2016.PDF |title=Albuquerque Registered Voter Enrollment: 2016 |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220164129/http://www.sos.state.nm.us/uploads/FileLinks/c2426e22e02d478ca940282b232f0647/STATEWIDE_JAN_29_2016.PDF |archive-date=December 20, 2016 }}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 |Party
! Number of Voters
! Percentage
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (United States)}}
| ]
| style="text-align:center;"| 123,594
| style="text-align:center;"| 40.03%
|-
| {{party color cell|Republican Party (United States)}}
| ]
| style="text-align:center;"|104,662
| style="text-align:center;"| 34.13%
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent Party (United States)}}
| ] and ]
| style="text-align:center;"| 78,404
| style="text-align:center;"| 25.57%
|-
|}


Albuquerque is a ], exercising ] as opposed to being directly ].<ref name="City Charter">{{cite web |url=https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/albuquerque/latest/albuqcharter/0-0-0-1 |title=Charter of the City of Albuquerque |website=American Legal Publishing Corporation |access-date=July 10, 2022 |archive-date=July 10, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710163746/https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/albuquerque/latest/albuqcharter/0-0-0-1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CityCharter2">{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/documents/charter-review-task-force/city_charter.pdf |title=Charter of the City of Albuquerque |access-date=December 10, 2009 |publisher=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830064622/http://www.cabq.gov/council/documents/charter-review-task-force/city_charter.pdf |archive-date=August 30, 2009}}
* http://www.cabq.gov/bike/ Documents the extensive network of bicycle trails and lanes
</ref> Its charter was adopted in 1917 and has been amended several times, most notably in 1974, when the municipal government was changed from a ] to its current ] system. Under this arrangement, power is divided between a mayor who serves as chief executive,<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|V}} and a nine-member council that holds legislative authority.<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|IV}} The current mayor is ], who was elected in 2017.
* http://www.cabq.gov/recreation/ An overview of available recreation activities
* http://www.cabq.gov/gis/park.php A comprehensive list of parks in the area
* ] <!-- Has parking, walking and hiking utilities -->
* ]
<!-- * ] -->


The ] holds a full-time paid position and is directly elected for four-year terms.<ref name="Council FAQ">{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/frequently-asked-questions-faq |title=Council&nbsp;– Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) – City of Albuquerque |access-date=December 26, 2008 |publisher=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131164946/http://www.cabq.gov/council/frequently-asked-questions-faq |archive-date=January 31, 2009 }}</ref> Members of the ] serve part-time, paid positions and are elected from their nine respective districts for four-year terms, with four or five councilors elected every two years.<ref name="Council front page" /> Elections for mayor and councilor are ].<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|IV.4}}<ref name="CityCharter2" /> Each December, a new council president and vice-president are chosen by and among council members.<ref name="Council FAQ" />
==Government==

{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; float:right; margin: .5em;"
The city council has the power to adopt all ordinances, resolutions, or other legislation.<ref name="Council front page">{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/ |title=Albuquerque City Council |access-date=December 26, 2008 |publisher=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218101628/http://www.cabq.gov/council/ |archive-date=December 18, 2008 }}</ref> It meets twice a month in the Vincent E. Griego Council Chambers of the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Government Center.<ref name="Council meeting schedule">{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/council-meeting-schedules |title=City Council Meetings Schedule |access-date=December 26, 2008 |publisher=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131164902/http://www.cabq.gov/council/council-meeting-schedules |archive-date=January 31, 2009 }}</ref> Ordinances and resolutions passed by the council are presented to the mayor for his approval; if the mayor vetoes an item, the council can override the veto by a two-thirds vote of councilors.<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|XI.3|}} Each year, the mayor submits a city budget proposal for the next year to the council by April 1, and the council acts on the proposal within the next 60&nbsp;days.<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|VII}}
|+ '''Albuquerque City Council'''<ref name="Mayor front page">

{{Cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/mayor/ |title=Mayor Martin J. Chávez |accessdate=26 December 2008 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date=}}
Albuquerque's judicial system consists of the ], which serves other municipalities and unincorporated areas in the county; the main ] is located in downtown Judges serve in nineteen divisions and are subject to partisan elections by county voters every four years.
</ref><ref name="List of Councilors">

{{Cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/councilors/albuquerque-city-councilors |title=Albuquerque City Councilors |accessdate=26 December 2008 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date=}}
The ] (APD) is the chief law enforcement entity within city limits; the unincorporated area of ] is policed primarily by the Bernalillo County Sheriff's Department. With approximately 1,000 sworn officers, APD is the largest municipal police department in ]; in September 2008, it was the 49th largest police department in the country, according to the ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies |year=2008 |website=] |url=http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/csllea08.pdf |access-date=March 31, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130226051352/http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/csllea08.pdf |archive-date=February 26, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
</ref>

Albuquerque serves as the ] of ].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County share some ], and have created a joint city-county commission called the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Government Commission (ABCGC).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cabq.gov/council/albuquerque-bernalillo-county-government-commission |title=Albuquerque Bernalillo County Government Commission — City of Albuquerque |access-date=February 6, 2024 |publisher=The City of Albuquerque }}</ref> In 1986, the City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County governments entered the joint powers agreement that created the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://abqlibrary.org/libraryhistory |title=A Brief History of the Public Library - Library History - LibGuides at the Public Library Albuquerque Bernalillo County |publisher=The Public Library Albuquerque and Bernalillo County |access-date=February 6, 2024 |archive-date=April 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422145435/https://abqlibrary.org/libraryhistory |url-status=live }}</ref> The ] opened in 2003 and was jointly managed by the City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County until 2006, and fully managed by Bernalillo County from 2006 to present.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bernco.gov/metropolitan-detention-center/frequently-asked-questions/ |title=Frequently Asked Questions - Metropolitan Detention Center |publisher=Bernalillo County |access-date=February 6, 2024 |archive-date=February 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205020125/https://www.bernco.gov/metropolitan-detention-center/frequently-asked-questions/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Economy==

{{see also|economy of New Mexico}}

Albuquerque is New Mexico's leading economic center, accounting for half the state's economic activity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Albuquerque, NM Economy at a Glance |url=https://www.bls.gov/eag/eag.nm_albuquerque_msa.htm |access-date=December 27, 2022 |website=www.bls.gov |language=en |archive-date=December 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227203840/https://www.bls.gov/eag/eag.nm_albuquerque_msa.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The city's economy is highly diversified, centering on science, medicine, technology, commerce, education, media entertainment, and culture (particularly fine arts); construction, film production, and retail trade have seen the most robust growth since 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Albuquerque Economy Showing Remarkable Growth, August GRT Data Just Released |url=https://www.cabq.gov/economicdevelopment/news/albuquerque-economy-showing-remarkable-growth-august-grt-data-just-released |access-date=December 27, 2022 |website=City of Albuquerque |language=en |archive-date=December 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227203838/https://www.cabq.gov/economicdevelopment/news/albuquerque-economy-showing-remarkable-growth-august-grt-data-just-released |url-status=live }}</ref>

Albuquerque is the center of the New Mexico Technology Corridor, a concentration of institutions engaged in ], which in turn forms part of the larger Rio Grande Technology Corridor that stretches from southern Colorado to southwestern Texas.<ref>{{Cite press release |last=Caregiver |first=Electronic |title=Will The Rio Grande Tech Corridor Become The Silicon Valley Of New Mexico? |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/will-the-rio-grande-tech-corridor-become-the-silicon-valley-of-new-mexico-300762129.html |access-date=December 27, 2022 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en |archive-date=December 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227203838/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/will-the-rio-grande-tech-corridor-become-the-silicon-valley-of-new-mexico-300762129.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Major nodes within the corridor include federal installations such as ], ], and ]; private healthcare facilities such as ] and ]; academic institutions such as the ] and ]; and private companies such as ] (which has a ] in neighboring ]), Facebook (with a data center in ]), ], ] company ], and ]. The city was also the founding location of ] and ].

Beginning with the ] in the 1940s, ] such as Los Alamos, ], and ] have cooperated on multidisciplinary research in the region; contractors for these facilities bring highly educated workers and researchers to an otherwise relatively isolated area, many of whom establish or work with local tech companies. The federal government spends roughly $4 billion annually in research and development in and around Albuquerque. Pursuant to the ]—<nowiki/>federal legislation aimed at expanding domestic semiconductor manufacturing, research and development of new technology, and workforce training—the U.S. Department of Energy announced plans to construct a new 100,000-square-foot ] for companies, academia, and national laboratories, as well as a new platform for facilitating the development of tech startups among minority communities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Monson |first=Mary |title=Opportunities knocking for NM tech economy |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/2562655/opportunities-knocking-for-nm-tech-economy.html |website=Albuquerque Journal |date=January 8, 2023 |access-date=January 16, 2023 |archive-date=January 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109205919/https://www.abqjournal.com/2562655/opportunities-knocking-for-nm-tech-economy.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The governments of Albuquerque and New Mexico have sought to attract more private investment into technology startups.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Mexico scientists have formed nearly 150 bioscience startups in just the past 10 years. The rest of the country is starting to notice. - Albuquerque Journal |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/2564749/bioscience-dominates-nms-startup-landscape.html |access-date=January 16, 2023 |website=www.abqjournal.com |date=January 16, 2023 |archive-date=January 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116195209/https://www.abqjournal.com/2564749/bioscience-dominates-nms-startup-landscape.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The ] has experienced particularly robust growth, beginning with the 2013 opening of a BioScience Center in Uptown Albuquerque, which was the state's first private incubator for biotechnology startups; since then, New Mexico-based scientists have formed roughly 150 bioscience startups, many of which are based in the Albuquerque metropolitan area.<ref name="abqjournal.com">{{Cite web |title=New jobs, bigger facilities, local support: New Mexico's bioscience industry is alive and kicking - Albuquerque Journal |url=https://www.abqjournal.com/2564756/nms-bioscience-industry-is-alive-and-kicking.html |access-date=January 16, 2023 |website=www.abqjournal.com |date=January 16, 2023 |archive-date=January 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116195210/https://www.abqjournal.com/2564756/nms-bioscience-industry-is-alive-and-kicking.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017, the state-funded Bioscience Authority was established to help promote local industry development, particularly through public-private partnerships; the following year, pharmaceutical company Curia built two large facilities in Albuquerque, and in fall 2022 broke ground on a $100 million expansion of its local operations.<ref name="abqjournal.com"/>

]s have a major presence throughout New Mexico; ] maintains a major production hub at ]. There are numerous shopping centers and malls within the city, including ], ], ], ], and ]. Outside city limits but surrounded by the city is a ] track and ] called The Downs Casino and Racetrack, and the ]s surrounding the city feature ] casinos, including ], ], ] Resort, and ]'s Route 66 Resort.

{| class="wikitable floatright"
|+ Largest employers in Albuquerque
|-
| 1|| ]
|-
| 2|| ]
|-
| 3 || ]
|-
| 4|| ]
|-
| 5 || ]
|-
| 6 || ] (Government)
|-
| 7 || Lovelace–Sandia Health System
|-
|8
|Presbyterian Medical Services
|-
|9|| ]
|- |-
|10
|'''President''' || Isaac Benton (since 2008)<ref name="Council 2008 President" />
| ] (Government)
|- |-
|11|| ]
|'''Vice-President''' || Sally Mayer (since 2008)<ref name="Council 2008 President" />
|-
| '''District 1''' || Ken Sánchez
|-
| '''District 2''' || Debbie O'Malley
|-
| '''District 3''' || Isaac Benton
|-
| '''District 4''' || Bradley Winter
|-
| '''District 5''' || Michael J. Cadigan
|-
| '''District 6''' || Rey Garduño
|-
| '''District 7''' || Sally Mayer
|-
| '''District 8''' || Trudy Jones
|-
| '''District 9''' || Don Harris
|} |}


==Education==
] Federal Courthouse on Lomas Blvd.]]
Albuquerque is a ]<ref name="City Charter">
{{Cite web |url=http://www.amlegal.com/nxt/gateway.dll/New%20Mexico/albuqwin/charterofthecityofalbuquerque |title=Charter of the City of Albuquerque |accessdate=26 December 2008 |work= |publisher=American Legal Publishing Corporation |date=}}
</ref>. City government is divided into an executive branch, headed by a ]<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|V}} and a nine-member ] that holds the legislative authority.<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|IV}} The form of city government is therefore ]. As of 2009 the mayor is ].


{{further
The Mayor holds a full-time paid elected position with a four-year term.<ref name="Council FAQ">
|list of middle schools in Albuquerque, New Mexico
{{Cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/frequently-asked-questions-faq |title=Council - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) - City of Albuquerque |accessdate=26 December 2008 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date=}}</ref>
|list of high schools in Albuquerque, New Mexico
The Council members hold part-time paid positions and are elected from the nine Council districts for four-year terms, with four or five Councilors elected every two years.<ref name="Council front page" /> Elections for Mayor and Councilor are ].<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|IV.4}} Each year in December one of the Council members is elected by the members of the Council to be the Council President, and one is elected to be the Vice-President.<ref name="Council FAQ" /> On December 1, 2008 Isaac Benton was elected President of the Council for the next year and Sally Mayer was elected Vice-President.<ref name="Council 2008 President">
|list of colleges and universities in New Mexico
{{Cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/councilors/district-3/news/unanimous-election-for-council-president-isaac-benton |title=Unanimous Election for Council President Isaac Benton |accessdate=24 December 2008 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date=}}
}}
</ref>

Albuquerque is home to the ], the largest university in the state and the flagship of the state public university system. ] is a county-funded junior college serving new high school graduates and adults returning to school.


]
The Council is the legislative authority of the city, and has the power to adopt all ordinances, resolutions, or other legislation.<ref name="Council front page">
{{Cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/ |title=Albuquerque City Council |accessdate=26 December 2008 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date=}}
</ref>
The Council meets two times a month, with meetings held in the Vincent E. Griego Council Chambers in the basement level of Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Government Center.<ref name="Council meeting schedule">
{{Cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/council/council-meeting-schedules |title=City Council Meetings Schedule |accessdate=26 December 2008 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date=}}
</ref>
Ordinances and resolutions passed by the Council are presented to the Mayor for his approval. If the Mayor ]es an item, the Council can override the veto with a vote of two-thirds of the membership of the Council.<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|XI.3}}


Albuquerque hosts several programs and nonprofit schools of higher learning, including ], ], the ] College of Nursing and Allied Health Department of Physician Assistant Studies, and the ] Master of Theological Studies program.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ebert |first=Howard |title=SNC Master of Theological Studies |url=http://www.snc.edu/mts/ |work=2012 |publisher=St. Norbert College |access-date=August 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022064510/http://www.snc.edu/mts/ |archive-date=October 22, 2013 }}</ref> ] (SIPI) is in an ] adjacent to Albuquerque.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st35_nm/place/p3502000_albuquerque/DC20BLK_P3502000.pdf |title=2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Albuquerque city, NM |publisher=] |page=8 (PDF p. 9/25) |access-date=November 6, 2023 |quote=Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Inst |archive-date=November 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107004836/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st35_nm/place/p3502000_albuquerque/DC20BLK_P3502000.pdf |url-status=live }} - also seen in: {{cite web |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st35_nm/county/c35001_bernalillo/DC20BLK_C35001.pdf |title=2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Bernalillo County, NM |publisher=] |access-date=November 6, 2023 |page=26 (PDF p. 27/41) |archive-date=November 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107005032/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st35_nm/county/c35001_bernalillo/DC20BLK_C35001.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The Ayurvedic Institute, one of the first ] colleges specializing in ] medicine outside India, was established in 1984. Other state and nonprofit institutions of higher learning have moved some programs into Albuquerque; these include ], ], ], ], and ]. Several for-profit technical schools including ], ], ], ], the ] and several barber/beauty colleges have established their presence in the area.
Each year, the Mayor submits a ] proposal for the year to the Council by April 1, and the Council acts on the proposal within the next 60 days.<ref name="City Charter" />{{Rp|VII}}


] (APS) is the ] covering all of Albuquerque.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st35_nm/schooldistrict_maps/c35001_bernalillo/DC20SD_C35001.pdf |title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Bernalillo County, NM |publisher=] |access-date=July 20, 2021 |archive-date=July 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720162826/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st35_nm/schooldistrict_maps/c35001_bernalillo/DC20SD_C35001.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Schools within APS include both public and charter entities. Numerous accredited private preparatory schools also serve Albuquerque students. These include various pre-high school religious (Christian, Jewish, Islamic) affiliates and Montessori schools, as well as ], ], ], ], the ], Evangel Christian Academy, Hope Christian School, Hope Connection School, Shepherd Lutheran School,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://shepherdlutheranschool.com/ |title=Website |website=shepherdlutheranschool.com |access-date=April 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806200528/http://shepherdlutheranschool.com/ |archive-date=August 6, 2019 }}</ref> Temple Baptist Academy, and Victory Christian. Accredited private schools serving students with special education needs in Albuquerque include: Desert Hills, Pathways Academy, and Presbyterian Ear Institute Oral School. The ] runs a preschool for children with hearing impairments in Albuquerque.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nmsd.k12.nm.us/about_n_m_s_d |title=About NMSD |publisher=] |access-date=July 20, 2021 |archive-date=July 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720131709/https://www.nmsd.k12.nm.us/about_n_m_s_d |url-status=dead }}</ref>
== Education ==
]
The city is home to the ], one of two large state universities in New Mexico. UNM includes a School of Medicine which was ranked in the top 50 primary care-oriented medical schools in the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/med/brief/mdprank_brief.php |title=America's Best Graduate Schools 2008 |accessdate=2008-01-19 |format= |work= }}</ref> Albuquerque is also home to the ], ], and the ] College of Nursing and Allied Health Department of Physician Assistant Studies. The ] serves most of the area, as do several technical schools including ] and the ]. Furthermore, ] offers bachelor's degrees in Graphic and Interior Design, animation, illustration, Photography as well as several other disciplines.
], one of the largest ] in the nation, provides educational services to over 87,000 children across the city.
{{Further|], ], ]}}


==Media== ==Infrastructure==
{{further|]}}
Albuquerque is a media hub for much of ]. The city is served by one major newspaper, the ]. Albuquerque is also home to several radio and television stations that serve the metropolitan area.


Since the city's founding, it has continued to be included on travel and trade routes including the historic ], ], ], and the modern ], ], ], and ].<ref name="simmons">{{cite book |last1=Simmons |first1=Marc |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=En4WFnjfg2AC |title=Hispanic Albuquerque, 1706–1846 |date=2003 |publisher=UNM Press |isbn=9780826331601 |location=Albuquerque |page=66 |language=en |access-date=October 12, 2017 |via=Google Books }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Julyan |first1=Robert Hixson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p3fMJnT1gx0C |title=The Place Names of New Mexico |date=1996 |publisher=UNM Press |isbn=9780826316899 |location=Albuquerque |pages=9–10 |language=en |access-date=October 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160722033358/https://books.google.com/books?id=p3fMJnT1gx0C |archive-date=July 22, 2016 |url-status=live |via=Google Books }}</ref> Albuquerque is the second largest city in the United States (after ]) to have at least two Interstate Highways, but no ].]]]
== Infrastructure ==
=== Transportation ===


==== Main highways ==== ===Transportation===
] and ], known as ]]]


====Main highways====
Some of the main highways in the city include:


Some of the main highways in the metro area include:
* ''']''' - More commonly known as ] or "I-25", it is the main north-south highway on the city's eastern side of the ]. It is also the main north-south highway in the state (by connecting Albuquerque with ] and ]) and a plausible route of the eponymous ].
* ]:<ref name="Bryan">{{cite book |last=Bryan |first=Howard |title=Albuquerque Remembered |publisher=] |location=Albuquerque |year=1989 |isbn=0-8263-3782-1 |oclc=62109913 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rSQAbMtClsYC&q=%22Pan%20American%20Freeway%22%20%22Coronado%20Freeway%22&pg=PA248 |access-date=August 5, 2009 }}</ref>{{Rp|248}} More commonly known as ] or "I-25", it is the main north–south highway on the city's eastern side of the ]. It is also the main north–south highway in the state (by connecting Albuquerque with ] and ]) and a plausible route of the eponymous ]. Since ] was decommissioned in the 1980s, the only remaining US highway in Albuquerque, unsigned ], shares its alignment with I-25. ] splits off to the northwest from I-25/US-85 in ].
* ''']''' - More commonly known as ] or "I-40", it is the city's main east-west traffic artery and an important transcontinental route. The freeway's name in the city is in reference to 16<sup>th</sup> century ] and explorer ].
* ]:<ref name="Bryan" />{{Rp|248}} More commonly known as ] or "I-40", it is the city's main east–west traffic artery and an important transcontinental route. The freeway's name in the city is in reference to 16th century ] and explorer ].
* '''Paseo del Norte''' - Concurrent with ], Paseo del Norte connects two parts of Albuquerque that are separated by the ] and by ]. Paseo del Norte is a ] from Jefferson Street to Eagle Ranch Road, as it crosses the Rio Grande. A controversial extension of this road through ] was finally opened in 2007. Roughly parallel to Interstate 40 and approximately five miles to the north, Paseo Del Norte connects Interstate 25 and Coors Boulevard.
* ]: (aka; New Mexico State Highway 423): This 6-lane ] is approximately five miles north of Interstate 40. It runs as a surface road with at-grade intersections from Tramway Boulevard (at the base of the Sandia Mountains) to Interstate 25, after which it continues as a controlled-access freeway through Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, over the Rio Grande to North Coors Boulevard. Paseo Del Norte then continues west as a surface road through the Petroglyph National Monument until it reaches Atrisco Vista Boulevard and the Double Eagle II Airport. The interchange with Interstate 25 was reconstructed in 2014 to improve traffic flow.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cabq.gov/mayor/priorities-initiatives/initiatives/abq-the-plan/paseo-del-norte-at-i-25-interchange |title=Paseo del Norte at I-25 Interchange — City of Albuquerque |access-date=October 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013013206/https://www.cabq.gov/mayor/priorities-initiatives/initiatives/abq-the-plan/paseo-del-norte-at-i-25-interchange |archive-date=October 13, 2017}} Paseo del Norte at I-25 Interchange Reconstruction Project – City of Albuquerque</ref>
* '''Coors Boulevard''' - Coors is the main north-south artery to the west of the Rio Grande in Albuquerque. There is one full ] where it connects with Interstate 40. The rest of the route has ]s, ]s and ]s. To the north of Interstate 40, part of the route is numbered as ], while to the south, part of the route is numbered as ].
* ]: Coors is the main north–south artery to the west of the Rio Grande in Albuquerque. There is one full ] where it connects with Interstate 40; The rest of the route connects to other roads with at-grade intersections controlled by ]s. The Interstate 25 underpass has no access to Coors. Parts of the highway have ]s, ]s, and ]s, but most sections have only dirt shoulders and a center turn lane. To the north of Interstate 40, part of the route is numbered as ], while to the south, part of the route is numbered as ].
* '''Central Avenue''' - Central is one of the historical routings of ], it is no longer a main through highway, its usefulness having been supplanted by Interstate 40.
* ''']''' - Serves as a bypass around the northeastern quadrant, the route is designated as ]. Tramway Boulevard starts at I-25 near near Sandia Pueblo, and heads east as a two-lane road. It turns south near the base of the ] and becomes a ] until its terminus near I-40 and Central Avenue by the western entrance to ]. * ]: The main river crossing between Westside Albuquerque and the ], Rio Bravo is a four-lane ] that runs from University Boulevard in the east, through the South Valley, to Coors Boulevard in the west where it is contiguous with Dennis Chaves Boulevard. It follows ] for its entire route.
* ]: Central is one of the historical routings of ], it is no longer a main through highway, its usefulness having been supplanted by Interstate 40.<ref name="Bryan" />{{Rp|248}}
* ]: The main road between Rio Rancho and North Albuquerque, Alameda Boulevard stretches from Tramway Road to Coors Boulevard The route is designated as the eastern portion of ].
* ]: Serves as a bypass around the northeastern quadrant, the route is designated as ]. Tramway Boulevard starts at I-25 near Sandia Pueblo, and heads east as a two-lane road. It turns south near the base of the ] and becomes an expressway-type divided highway until its terminus near I-40 and Central Avenue by the western entrance to ].


The ] between I-40 and I-25 is known as the "]". Originally built in 1966, it was rebuilt in 2002. The ] between I-40 and I-25 is known as the "]".<ref name="Bryan" />{{Rp|248}} Originally built in 1966, it was rebuilt in 2002. The Big I is the only ] in the state of New Mexico.


====Bridges====
Numerous major ]s of the city have been outfitted with ]s to issue fines for running ]s as well as ].<ref>Location of Cameras, City of Albuquerque </ref>


There are six road bridges that cross the ] and serve the municipality on at least one end if not both. The eastern approaches of the northernmost three all pass through adjacent unincorporated areas, the Village of ], or the ]. In downstream order they are:
===== Bridges=====
There are six road bridges that cross the ] and serve the municipality on at least one end if not both. The eastern approaches of the northernmost three all pass through adjacent unincorporated areas, the Village of ], or the ]. In downstream order they are:
* '''Alameda Bridge''' * '''Alameda Bridge'''
* '''Paseo del Norte Bridge''' * '''Paseo del Norte Bridge'''
* '''Montano Bridge''' * '''Montaño Bridge'''
* ''' I-40 Bridge''' * ''' I-40 Bridge'''
* '''Old Town Bridge''' * '''Central at Old Town Bridge'''
* '''Barelas Bridge''' * '''Barelas Bridge'''


Two more bridges serve ]s contiguous to the city's perforated southern boundary . Two more bridges serve ]s contiguous to the city's perforated southern boundary.
* '''Rio Bravo Bridge''' (])
* '''I-25 Bridge''' (near ])


==== Rail and mass transit ==== ====Rail====
] is the local transit agency in the city. ABQ RIDE operates a variety of bus routes, including the ] ] service.
The ], a ] line, began serving greater Albuquerque in July 2006 using an existing ] right-of-way. Since December 17, 2008, the service has connected ], ], ], and ] Counties. The trains connect Albuquerque to downtown ] with up to eight roundtrips in a day. The section of the line running south to ] is served less frequently.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nmrailrunner.com/PDF/Weekday%20Schedule%20SF%2012-08.pdf |format=PDF |title=New Mexico Rail Runner Express Monday–Friday Schedule |accessdate=23 December 2008 |publisher=New Mexico Rail Runner Express |date=2008-12-02}}</ref>


]
]'s ], which travels between ] and ], serves the Albuquerque area daily with a stop at the Alvarado Transportation Center in downtown.


The state owns most of the city's rail infrastructure which is used by Amtrak, the commuter train, and the ]. The state owns most of the city's rail infrastructure which is used by a commuter rail system, long-distance passenger trains, and the freight trains of the ].


==== Airports ==== ====Freight service====

Albuquerque is served by two airports, the larger of which is ]. It is located 3 miles (5&nbsp;km) southeast of the ] of Albuquerque. The Albuquerque International Sunport served over 6,000,000 passengers in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/airport/sunport-information/facts-figures |title=Sunport Facts & Figures |accessdate=2009-02-12 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date= }}</ref> ] is the other airport. It is primarily used as an ], corporate flight, military flight, training flight, ], and private flight facility.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/airport/double-eagle-ii-airport |title=Double Eagle II Airport |accessdate=2009-02-12 |work= |publisher=City of Albuquerque |date= }}</ref>
] operates a small yard operation out of Abajo yard, located just south of the César E. Chávez Ave. overpass and the ] yards. Most freight traffic through the Central New Mexico region is processed via a much larger hub in nearby ].

====Intercity rail====

]'s ], which travels between Chicago and Los Angeles, serves the Albuquerque area daily with one stop in each direction at the ] in downtown.

====Intercity Bus Services====

] and ] offer intercity transportation services to the ] as well as transportation to other cities around the United States.

====Commuter rail====

The ], a ] line, began service between ] and Albuquerque in July 2006 using an existing ] right-of-way which was purchased by New Mexico in 2005. Service expanded to ] in December 2006 and to ] on December 17, 2008. Rail Runner now connects ], Sandoval, ], and Valencia Counties with thirteen station stops, including three stops within Albuquerque.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Mexico Rail Runner Express: Stations listed North to South |url=http://www.nmrailrunner.com/stations.asp |publisher=New Mexico Rail Runner |access-date=August 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106174708/http://www.nmrailrunner.com/stations.asp |archive-date=January 6, 2012 }}</ref>
The trains connect Albuquerque to downtown Santa Fe with eight roundtrips per weekday. The section of the line running south to ] is served less frequently.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nmrailrunner.com/PDF/Weekday%20Schedule%20SF%2012-08.pdf |title=New Mexico Rail Runner Express Monday–Friday Schedule |access-date=December 23, 2008 |publisher=New Mexico Rail Runner Express |date=December 2, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114191537/http://www.nmrailrunner.com/PDF/Weekday%20Schedule%20SF%2012-08.pdf |archive-date=January 14, 2009 }}</ref>

====Local mass transit====

<!-- ] redirects here -->
], an intermodal transportation hub in downtown Albuquerque]]
<!-- ] redirects here -->

The primary mass transit system is ], which operates a variety of bus routes throughout the city, including the ] express bus service. The central nexus for public transportation is the Alvarado Transportation System, which connects ABQ RIDE to ], ], and the ] ].] logo]]

In 2011, the City of Albuquerque commissioned a study to develop a ] system through the Central Avenue corridor, which accounted for 44% of all bus riders in ABQ RIDE.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/transit/planning-for-the-future-bus-rapid-transit-brt-service-on-central-avenue |title=Planning for the Future: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Service on Central Avenue |publisher=CABQ.gov |access-date=October 5, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011184639/http://cabq.gov/transit/planning-for-the-future-bus-rapid-transit-brt-service-on-central-avenue |archive-date=October 11, 2011 }}</ref> Construction began in 2017 on ] (ART), including dedicated bus lanes between Coors and Louisiana Boulevards.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.brtabq.com/ |title=Albuquerque Rapid Transit |access-date=December 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222173649/https://www.brtabq.com/ |archive-date=December 22, 2018 }}</ref> ART opened for service in November 2019 and was free to use until January 1, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Albuquerque Rapid Transit - ART |url=https://www.cabq.gov/transit/services/art-information |access-date=January 12, 2023 |website=City of Albuquerque |language=en }}</ref>

Albuquerque was one of two cities in New Mexico to have had an electric street railway; its horse-drawn streetcar lines were electrified in the early 20th century. The Albuquerque Traction Company assumed operation of the system in 1905, and it grew to its maximum length of {{convert|6|mi|km}} over the next ten years, connecting destinations such as ] to the west and the ] to the east with the town's urban center near the former ] depot. The Albuquerque Traction Company failed financially in 1915 and the City Electric Company was formed in its place. Despite traffic booms during the ], and unaided by lawsuits attempting to force the streetcar company to pay for paving, that system also failed later in 1927, leaving the ]'s "motorettes" unemployed.<ref name="Myrick">{{cite book |last=Myrick |first=David F |title=New Mexico's Railroads --- An Historical Survey |publisher=Colorado Railroad Museum |year=1970 |location=Golden, Colorado |id=Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 70-116915 }}</ref>{{Rp|177–181}}

In 2006, under Mayor ], Albuquerque planned a "fast track" development of a "Modern Streetcar" project, which would run mostly in the southeast quadrant on Central Avenue and Yale Boulevard. Funding for the $270 million system failed amid vocal opposition from some residents.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gisick |first=Michael |date=December 4, 2006 |title=Council: Streetcar project rushed |newspaper=Albuquerque Tribune |url=http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2006/dec/04/council-streetcar-project-rushed/ |access-date=April 26, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004065158/http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2006/dec/04/council-streetcar-project-rushed/ |archive-date=October 4, 2010 }}</ref>

===Bicycle transit===

Albuquerque has a well-developed network of trails, bicycle routes, and paths totaling over 400 miles.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/bike/ |title=Biking in Albuquerque |website=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222212606/http://www.cabq.gov/bike/ |archive-date=December 22, 2008 }}</ref> A 2021 study by Walk Score ranked it 26th out of 130 U.S. cities in bike friendliness, based on indicators such infrastructure, terrain, and connectivity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Walk Score Methodology |url=https://www.walkscore.com/methodology.shtml |access-date=January 12, 2023 |website=Walk Score |language=en |archive-date=January 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112235439/https://www.walkscore.com/methodology.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2009, Albuquerque opened its first Bicycle Boulevard on Silver Avenue.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kob.com/article/stories/S742822.shtml |title=Bike Boulevard to run through ABQ |publisher=KOB New Mexico |first1=Jeremy |last1=Jojola |author2=Joshua Panas |date=January 14, 2009 |access-date=August 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722122433/http://www.kob.com/article/stories/S742822.shtml |archive-date=July 22, 2011 }}</ref> In 2015, the city adopted the "Bikeway & Trails Facility Plan" to invest in its bicycle infrastructure, including improving and expanding the existing system, adding new routes, and establishing bike sharing programs.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abqjournal.com/4869/blogs/city-hall/albuquerque-to-launch-bike-sharing-program.html |title=Albuquerque To Launch Bike-Sharing Program |newspaper=Albuquerque Journal |access-date=April 14, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904052519/http://www.abqjournal.com/4869/blogs/city-hall/albuquerque-to-launch-bike-sharing-program.html |archive-date=September 4, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Walkability===

A 2011 study by ] ranked Albuquerque as the 28th most walkable of the fifty largest U.S. cities, indicating below average performance in metrics such as access to public transit and proximity to people or amenities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/ |title=2011 City and Neighborhood Rankings |publisher=Walk Score |year=2011 |access-date=August 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120919182522/http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/ |archive-date=September 19, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> A follow-up study a decade later ranked the city 73rd out of 130 cities nationwide, with a walkability score of 42.6 compared to an average of 48, classifying it as "car-dependent".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Most Walkable Cities in the United States and Canada on Walk Score |url=https://www.walkscore.com/cities-and-neighborhoods/ |access-date=January 12, 2023 |website=Walk Score |language=en |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816231153/https://www.walkscore.com/cities-and-neighborhoods/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Airports===

]]]

Albuquerque is served primarily by the ], located {{cvt|3|mi}} southeast of the city's central business district. It is the largest airport in New Mexico, and the state's sole international airport, serving over 5 million passengers annually.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cabq.gov/airport/sunport-information/facts-figures |title=Sunport Facts & Figures |access-date=February 12, 2009 |publisher=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213023917/http://cabq.gov/airport/sunport-information/facts-figures |archive-date=February 13, 2009 }}</ref> The city owns and operates the much smaller ], which is primarily used for ]s, corporate flights, military flights, ]s, aviation training, and private flights.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabq.gov/airport/double-eagle-ii-airport |title=Double Eagle II Airport |access-date=February 12, 2009 |website=City of Albuquerque |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203011933/http://www.cabq.gov/airport/double-eagle-ii-airport |archive-date=February 3, 2009 }}</ref>

===Utilities===


=== Utilities ===
<!-- ==== Communications ==== --> <!-- ==== Communications ==== -->
==== Energy ====
PNM, New Mexico's largest electricity provider, is based in Albuquerque. They serve about 487,000 electricity customers statewide.


====Energy====
New Mexico Gas Company provides natural gas services to more than 500,000 customers in the state, including the Albuquerque metro area.


], New Mexico's largest electricity provider, is based in Albuquerque. They serve about 487,000 electricity customers statewide. In September 2021, PNM entered final merger talks with ], the U.S. subsidiary of Spanish power giant ]. New Mexico Gas Company, a subsidiary of Canadian utility company ], provides natural gas services to more than 540,000 customers in the state, including the Albuquerque metro area.
==== Sanitation ====
The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority is responsible for the delivery of ] and the treatment of ].
{{details|Albuquerque#Hydrology}}


=== Healthcare === ====Sanitation====


The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority is responsible for the delivery of ] and the treatment of ]. Trash and recycling in the city are managed by the City of Albuquerque Solid Waste Management Department.
Albuquerque is the medical hub of New Mexico, hosting numerous state-of-the-art medical centers. Some of the city's premier hospitals include the VA Medical Center, Presbyterian Hospital, Heart Hospital of New Mexico, and Lovelace Women's Hospital. ] is the only ] in the state.
{{further|#Hydrology}}
South Side Water Reclamation Plant.


===Healthcare===
==Notable natives and residents==


Albuquerque is the medical hub of New Mexico, hosting numerous medical centers. The ] is the largest hospital in New Mexico with 628 licensed beds and is the primary teaching hospital for the ], the state's only medical school. It provides the state's only residency training programs, children's hospital, burn center, and level I pediatric and adult trauma centers, as well as a certified advanced primary stroke center and the largest collection of adult and pediatric specialty and subspecialty programs in the state. Albuquerque's other largest hospitals are Presbyterian Hospital (]) with 543 licensed beds, Raymond G. Murphy VA Medical Center (]) with 298 beds, and Lovelace Medical Center (]) with 263 beds.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vadnais |first1=Juliana |title=New Mexico Hospitals |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/albuquerque/subscriber-only/2020/07/31/new-mexico-hospitals.html |publisher=Albuquerque Business First |access-date=May 26, 2021 |date=July 31, 2020 |archive-date=December 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241219145558/https://www.bizjournals.com/albuquerque/subscriber-only/2020/07/31/new-mexico-hospitals.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Smaller specialty hospitals include the Heart Hospital of New Mexico and Lovelace Women's Hospital.
{{Main|List of famous people from Albuquerque}}

==Notable people==

{{main|List of people from Albuquerque, New Mexico}}


==Sister cities== ==Sister cities==
Albuquerque has nine ], as designated by ]:


{{sisterCities|Albuquerque|11}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cabq.gov/about/albuquerque-sister-cities |title=Albuquerque Sister Cities |website=City of Albuquerque |access-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119205119/http://cabq.gov/about/albuquerque-sister-cities |archive-date=November 19, 2018 }}</ref>
{|
| valign="top" |
* {{flagicon|Spain}} - ], ]
* {{flagicon|Turkmenistan}} - ], ]
* {{flagicon|Mexico}} - ], ], ]
* {{flagicon|Spain}} - ],]
* {{flagicon|Mexico}} - ], ], ]
| valign="top" |
* {{flagicon|Germany}} - ], ]
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} - ], ]
* {{flagicon|China}} - ], ]
* {{flagicon|Japan}} - ], ]
|}


{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
== References ==
* ], Spain
* ], Turkmenistan
* ], Mexico
* ], Mexico
* ], Germany
* ], Taiwan
* ], China
* ], Zambia
* ], Israel
* ], Japan
* ], Ukraine
{{div col end}}


==See also==
{{reflist}}


{{portal|New Mexico}}
== External links ==
{{sisterlinks|Albuquerque, New Mexico}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Albuquerque}}
*
*{{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/New_Mexico/Localities/A/Albuquerque}}


* ]
* {{wikitravel|Albuquerque}}
* ]
* ]
* '']'' and '']'', TV shows set in Albuquerque
* ] 1999 song by ] named for and set primarily in Albuquerque


==Explanatory notes==
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|35.110703|-106.609991}}
{{Notelist}}


==References==
{{Albuquerque}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Bernalillo County, New Mexico}}

{{New Mexico}}
==Further reading==
{{USLargestCities}}
{{see also|Timeline of Albuquerque, New Mexico#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Albuquerque, New Mexico}}
* Ciotola, Nicholas P. "Italian immigrants in Albuquerque, 1880 to 1930: A study in Western distinctiveness." ''Journal of the West'' 43.4 (2004): 41–48.
* Luckingham, Bradford. ''The urban southwest: a profile history of Albuquerque, El Paso, Phoenix, Tucson'' (Texas Western Press, 1982)
* Simmons, Marc. ''Albuquerque: a narrative history'' (University of New Mexico Press, 1982)

==External links==
{{sister project links|voy=Albuquerque|wikt=Albuquerque|b=no|v=no|mw=no|m=no|species=no|s=Portal:New Mexico|q=no}}
* {{official website|https://cabq.gov}}
*
* {{cite web |title=Albuquerque, New Mexico |url=https://www.c-span.org/series/?citiesTour&city=5120 |publisher=] Cities Tour |date=March 2013 }}

{{New Mexico}} {{Albuquerque}} {{Bernalillo County, New Mexico}} {{USPopulousCities}} {{New Mexico county seats}}{{Portal bar|United States|New Mexico|North America|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 04:04, 19 January 2025

City in the United States "Albuquerque" redirects here. For other uses, see Albuquerque (disambiguation).

City in New Mexico, United States
Albuquerque
City
Downtown AlbuquerqueSandia Peak TramwayAlvarado CenterSan Felipe de Neri ChurchRio GrandeAlbuquerque International Balloon Fiesta
Flag of AlbuquerqueFlagOfficial seal of AlbuquerqueSeal
Nicknames: The Duke City, ABQ, The 505, Burque, The Q.
Interactive map of Albuquerque
Albuquerque is located in New MexicoAlbuquerqueAlbuquerqueLocation in New MexicoShow map of New MexicoAlbuquerque is located in the United StatesAlbuquerqueAlbuquerqueLocation in the United StatesShow map of the United States
Coordinates: 35°5′4″N 106°39′1″W / 35.08444°N 106.65028°W / 35.08444; -106.65028
CountryUnited States
StateNew Mexico
CountyBernalillo
Metropolitan areaAlbuquerque metropolitan area
Founded1706 (as Alburquerque)
Incorporated1891 (as Albuquerque)
Founded byFrancisco Cuervo y Valdés
Named forFrancisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque
Government
 • TypeMayor–council government
 • MayorTim Keller (D)
 • City Council Councilors
  • 5 Democrats,
    4 Republicans
  • Louie Sánchez (D)
  • Tammy Fiebelkorn (D)
  • Isaac Benton (D)
  • Dan Lewis (R)
  • Brooke Bassan (R)
  • Pat Davis (D)
  • Klarissa J. Peña (D)
  • Trudy Jones (R)
  • Renee Grout (R)
 • State House Representatives
  • 13 Democrats,
    11 Republicans
  • G. Andres Romero (D)
  • Javier Martínez (D)
  • Patricio Ruiloba (D)
  • Eleanor Chavez (D)
  • Patricia Roybal Caballero (D)
  • Miguel Garcia (D)
  • Sarah Maestas Barnes (R)
  • Antonio Maestas (D)
  • Deborah Armstrong (D)
  • Gail Chasey (D)
  • Sheryl M. Williams-Stapleton (D)
  • Jim Dines (R)
  • Stephanie Maez (D)
  • James Smith (R)
  • Paul Pacheco (R)
  • Conrad James (R)
  • Christine Trujillo (D)
  • Georgene Louis (D)
  • Larry Larranaga (R)
  • Jimmie C. Hall (R)
  • David Adkins (R)
  • Nathaniel Gentry (R)
  • William Rehm (R)
  • Monica Youngblood (R)
 • State Senate State senators
 • U.S. HouseMelanie Stansbury (D)
Gabe Vasquez (D)
Area
 • City194.93 sq mi (489.39 km)
 • Land188.27 sq mi (486.03 km)
 • Water1.62 sq mi (4.35 km)
Elevation5,312 ft (1,619 m)
Population
 • City564,559
 • Rank85th in North America
32nd in the United States
1st in New Mexico
 • Density3,014.68/sq mi (1,163.97/km)
 • Urban769,837 (US: 59th)
 • Urban density2,926.3/sq mi (1,129.9/km)
 • Metro960,000 (US: 61st)
Demonym(s)Albuquerquean (uncommon), Burqueño, Burqueña
Time zoneUTC−7 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
ZIP Codes87101–87125, 87131,
87151, 87153, 87154,
87158, 87174, 87176,
87181, 87184, 87185,
87187, 87190–87199
Area codes505
FIPS code35-02000
GNIS feature ID2409678
Websitewww.cabq.gov Edit this at Wikidata

Albuquerque (/ˈælbəkɜːrki/ AL-bə-kur-kee; Spanish: [alβuˈkeɾke] ), also known as ABQ, Burque, the Duke City, and in the past 'the Q', is the most populous city in the U.S. state of New Mexico. Founded in 1706 as La Villa de Alburquerque by Santa Fe de Nuevo México governor Francisco Cuervo y Valdés, and named in honor of Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque and Viceroy of New Spain, it was an outpost on El Camino Real linking Mexico City to the northernmost territories of New Spain.

Located in the Albuquerque Basin, the city is flanked by the Sandia Mountains to the east and the West Mesa to the west, with the Rio Grande and bosque flowing north-to-south through the middle of the city. According to the 2020 census, Albuquerque had 564,559 residents, making it the 32nd-most populous city in the United States and the fourth largest in the Southwest. The Albuquerque metropolitan area had 955,000 residents in 2023, and forms part of the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area, which had a population of 1,162,523.

Albuquerque is a hub for technology, fine arts, and media companies. It is home to several historic landmarks, the University of New Mexico, the Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta, the Gathering of Nations, the New Mexico State Fair, and a diverse restaurant scene, which features both New Mexican and global cuisine.

History

Main article: History of Albuquerque, New Mexico For a chronological guide, see Timeline of Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Petroglyphs carved into basalt in the western part of the city bear testimony to a Native American presence in the area dating back many centuries. These are preserved in the Petroglyph National Monument.

The Tanoan and Keresan peoples had lived along the Rio Grande for centuries before European colonists arrived in the area that developed as Albuquerque. By the 1500s, there were around 20 Tiwa pueblos along a 60-mile (97 km) stretch of river from present-day Algodones to the Rio Puerco confluence south of Belen. Of these, 12 or 13 were densely clustered near present-day Bernalillo, and the remainder were spread out to the south.

Two Tiwa pueblos lie on the outskirts of present-day Albuquerque. Both have been continuously inhabited for many centuries: Sandia Pueblo was founded in the 14th century, and Pueblo of Isleta is documented in written records since the early 17th century. It was then chosen as the site of the San Agustín de la Isleta Mission, a Catholic mission.

The historic Navajo, Apache, and Comanche peoples were likely to have set camps in the Albuquerque area, as there is evidence of trade and cultural exchange among the different Native American groups going back centuries before European arrival.

In 1706, Albuquerque was founded as a villa of Nuevo México, New Spain

Albuquerque was founded in 1706 as an outpost as La Villa de Alburquerque by Francisco Cuervo y Valdés in the provincial kingdom of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The settlement was named after the original town of Viceroy Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th duke of Alburquerque, who was from Alburquerque, Badajoz in southwest Spain.

Albuquerque developed primarily for farming and sheep herds. It was a strategically located trading and military outpost along the Camino Real. It served other Tiquex and Hispano towns settled in the area, such as Barelas, Corrales, Isleta Pueblo, Los Ranchos, and Sandia Pueblo.

After gaining independence in 1821, Mexico established a military presence here. The town of Alburquerque was built in the traditional Spanish villa pattern: a central plaza surrounded by government buildings, homes, and a church. This central plaza area has been preserved and is open to the public as a cultural area and center of commerce. It is referred to as "Old Town Albuquerque" or simply "Old Town". Historically it was sometimes referred to as "La Placita" (Little Plaza in Spanish). On the north side of Old Town Plaza is San Felipe de Neri Church. Built in 1793, it is one of the oldest surviving buildings in the city.

After the New Mexico Territory became a part of the United States in the mid-19th century, a federal garrison and quartermaster depot, the Post of Albuquerque, were established here, operating from 1846 to 1867. In Beyond the Mississippi (1867), Albert D. Richardson, traveling to California via coach, passed through Albuquerque in late October 1859—its population was 3,000 at the time—and described it as "one of the richest and pleasantest towns, with a Spanish cathedral and other buildings more than two hundred years old."

During the Civil War, Albuquerque was occupied for a month in February 1862 by Confederate troops under General Henry Hopkins Sibley. He soon afterward advanced with his main body into northern New Mexico. During his retreat from Union troops into Texas, he made a stand on April 8, 1862, and fought the Battle of Albuquerque against a detachment of Union soldiers commanded by Colonel Edward R. S. Canby. This daylong engagement at long range led to few casualties. The residents of Albuquerque aided the Republican Union to rid the city of the occupying Confederate troops.

Downtown Albuquerque in the 1880s

When the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad arrived in 1880, it bypassed the Plaza, locating the passenger depot and railyards about 2 miles (3 km) east in what quickly became known as New Albuquerque or New Town. The railway company built a hospital for its workers that was later used as a juvenile psychiatric facility. It has since been converted to a hotel.

Many Anglo merchants, mountain men, and settlers slowly filtered into Albuquerque, creating a major mercantile commercial center in Downtown Albuquerque. From this commercial center on July 4, 1882, Park Van Tassel became the first to fly a balloon in Albuquerque with a landing at Old Town. This was the first balloon flight in the New Mexico Territory.

Due to a rising rate of violent crime, gunman Milt Yarberry was appointed the town's first marshal that year. New Albuquerque was incorporated as a town in 1885, with Henry N. Jaffa its first mayor. It was incorporated as a city in 1891.

Old Town remained a separate community until the 1920s, when it was absorbed by Albuquerque. Old Albuquerque High School, the city's first public high school, was established in 1879. Congregation Albert, a Reform synagogue established in 1897, by Henry N. Jaffa, who was also the city's first mayor, is the oldest continuing Jewish organization in the city.

Old Albuquerque High, built in 1914. Victorian and Gothic styles were used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

By 1900, Albuquerque boasted a population of 8,000 and all the modern amenities, including an electric street railway connecting Old Town, New Town, and the recently established University of New Mexico campus on the East Mesa. In 1902, the Alvarado Hotel was built adjacent to the new passenger depot, and it remained a famous symbol of the city for decades. Outdated, it was razed in 1970 and the site was converted to a parking lot.

In 2002, the Alvarado Transportation Center was built on the site in a style resembling the old landmark. The large metro station functions as the downtown headquarters for the city's transit department. It also is an intermodal hub for local buses, Greyhound buses, Amtrak passenger trains, and the Rail Runner commuter rail line.

In the early days of transcontinental air service, Albuquerque was an important stop on many transcontinental air routes, earning it the nickname "Crossroads of the Southwest".

During the early 20th century, New Mexico's dry climate attracted many tuberculosis patients to the city in search of a cure; this was before penicillin was found to be effective. Several sanitaria were developed on the West Mesa for TB patients. Presbyterian Hospital and St. Joseph Hospital, two of the largest hospitals in the Southwest, had their beginnings during this period. Influential New Deal–era governor Clyde Tingley and famed Southwestern architect John Gaw Meem were among those who came to New Mexico seeking recovery from TB.

The McCanna–Hubbell Building, built in 1915, is one of downtown Albuquerque's many historic buildings

The first travelers on Route 66 appeared in Albuquerque in 1926. Soon dozens of motels, restaurants, and gift shops sprouted along the roadside. Route 66 originally ran through the city on a north–south alignment along Fourth Street. In 1937 it was realigned along Central Avenue, a more direct east–west route. The intersection of Fourth and Central downtown was the principal crossroads of the city for decades. The majority of the surviving structures from the Route 66 era are on Central, though there are also some on Fourth. Signs between Bernalillo and Los Lunas along the old route now have brown, historical highway markers denoting it as Pre-1937 Route 66.

The establishment of Kirtland Air Force Base in 1939, Sandia Base in the early 1940s, and Sandia National Laboratories in 1949, would make Albuquerque a key player of the Atomic Age. Meanwhile, the city continued to expand outward into the Northeast Heights, reaching a population of 201,189 by 1960 per the U.S. Census.

By 1990, it was 384,736 and in 2007 it was 518,271. In June 2007, Albuquerque was listed as the sixth fastest-growing city in the United States. In 1990, the U.S. Census Bureau reported Albuquerque's population as 34.5% Hispanic and 58.3% non-Hispanic white.

On April 11, 1950, a USAF B-29 bomber carrying a nuclear weapon crashed into a mountain near Manzano Base. On May 22, 1957, a B-36 accidentally dropped a Mark 17 nuclear bomb 4.5 miles from the control tower while landing at Kirtland Air Force Base. Only the conventional trigger detonated, as the bomb was unarmed. These incidents were not reported as they were classified as secret for decades.

Following the end of World War II, population shifts as well as suburban development, urban sprawl and gentrification, Albuquerque's downtown entered a period of decline. Many historic buildings were razed in the 1960s and 1970s to make way for new plazas, high-rises, and parking lots as part of the city's urban renewal phase. As of 2010, only recently has Downtown Albuquerque come to regain much of its urban character, mainly through the construction of many new loft apartment buildings and the renovation of historic structures such as the KiMo Theater.

During the 21st century, Albuquerque's population has continued to grow rapidly. The population of the city proper was estimated at 564,559 in 2020, 528,497 in 2009, and 448,607 in the 2000 census. During 2005 and 2006, the city celebrated its tricentennial with a diverse program of cultural events.

The passage of the Planned Growth Strategy in 2002–2004 was the community's strongest effort to create a framework for a more balanced and sustainable approach to urban growth.

Urban sprawl is limited on three sides—by the Sandia Pueblo to the north, the Isleta Pueblo and Kirtland Air Force Base to the south, and the Sandia Mountains to the east. Suburban growth continues at a strong pace to the west, beyond the Petroglyph National Monument, once thought to be a natural boundary to sprawl development.

Because of less-costly land and lower taxes, much of the growth in the metropolitan area is taking place outside of the city of Albuquerque itself. In Rio Rancho to the northwest, the communities east of the mountains, and the incorporated parts of Valencia County, population growth rates approach twice that of Albuquerque. The primary cities in Valencia County are Los Lunas and Belen, both of which are home to growing industrial complexes and new residential subdivisions. The mountain towns of Tijeras, Edgewood, and Moriarty, while close enough to Albuquerque to be considered suburbs, have experienced much less growth compared to Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Los Lunas, and Belen. Limited water supply and rugged terrain are the main limiting factors for development in these towns. The Mid Region Council of Governments (MRCOG), which includes constituents from throughout the Albuquerque area, was formed to ensure that these governments along the middle Rio Grande would be able to meet the needs of their rapidly rising populations. MRCOG's cornerstone project is currently the New Mexico Rail Runner Express.

Geography

Satellite view of Albuquerque taken in May 2023
Aerial view of the Rio Grande flowing through Albuquerque in 2016

Albuquerque is located in north-central New Mexico. To its east are the Sandia–Manzano Mountains. The Rio Grande flows north to south through its center, while the West Mesa and Petroglyph National Monument make up the western part of the city. Albuquerque has one of the highest elevations of any major city in the U.S., ranging from 4,900 feet (1,500 m) above sea level near the Rio Grande to over 6,700 feet (2,000 m) in the foothill areas of Sandia Heights and Glenwood Hills. The civic apex is found in an undeveloped area within the Albuquerque Open Space; there, the terrain rises to an elevation of approximately 6,880 feet (2,100 m), and the metropolitan area's highest point is Sandia Crest at an altitude of 10,678 feet (3,255 m).

According to the United States Census Bureau, Albuquerque has a total area of 189.5 square miles (490.9 km), of which 187.7 square miles (486.2 km) is land and 1.8 square miles (4.7 km), or 0.96%, is water.

Albuquerque lies within the fertile Rio Grande Valley with its Bosque forest, in the center of the Albuquerque Basin, flanked on the eastern side by the Sandia Mountains and to the west by the West Mesa. Located in central New Mexico, the city also has noticeable influences from the adjacent Colorado Plateau semi-desert, New Mexico Mountains forested with juniper and pine, and Southwest plateaus and plains steppe ecoregions, depending on where one is located.

Landforms and drainage

Albuquerque has one of the highest and most varied elevations of any major city in the United States, though the effects of this are greatly tempered by its southwesterly continental position. The elevation of the city ranges from 4,949 feet (1,508 m) above sea level near the Rio Grande (in the Valley) to 6,165 feet (1,879 m) in the foothill areas of Sandia Heights. At the Albuquerque International Sunport, the elevation is 5,355 feet (1,632 m) above sea level.

The Rio Grande is classified, like the Nile, as an "exotic" river. The New Mexico portion of the Rio Grande lies within the Rio Grande Rift Valley, bordered by a system of faults, including those that lifted up the adjacent Sandia and Manzano Mountains, while lowering the area where the life-sustaining Rio Grande now flows.

Geology and Ecology

Main article: Albuquerque Basin

Albuquerque lies in the Albuquerque Basin, a portion of the Rio Grande rift. The Sandia Mountains are the predominant geographic feature visible in Albuquerque. Sandía is Spanish for "watermelon", and is popularly believed to be a reference to the brilliant pink and green coloration of the mountains at sunset. The pink is due to large exposures of granodiorite cliffs, and the green is due to large swaths of conifer forests. However, Robert Julyan notes in The Place Names of New Mexico, "the most likely explanation is the one believed by the Sandia Pueblo Indians: the Spaniards, when they encountered the Pueblo in 1540, called it Sandia, because they thought the squash growing there were watermelons, and the name Sandia soon was transferred to the mountains east of the pueblo." He also notes that the Sandia Pueblo Indians call the mountain Bien Mur, "Big Mountain."

Albuquerque lies at the northern edge of the Chihuahuan Desert transitioning into the Colorado Plateau. The Sandia Mountains represent the northern edge of the Arizona/New Mexico Mountains ecoregion.

The environments of Albuquerque include the Rio Grande bosque, (floodplain cottonwood forest), arid scrub, and mesas that turn into the Sandia foothills in the east. The Rio Grande's bosque has been significantly reduced and its natural flood cycle disrupted by dams built further upstream. A corridor of bosque surrounding the river within the city has been preserved as Rio Grande Valley State Park.

The South Diversion Channel

A few remaining natural arroyos provide riparian habitat within the city, though natural arroyos draining into the Rio Grande have largely been replaced with concrete channels. After a series of floods in the 1950s, passage of the "Arroyo Flood Control Act of 1963" provided for the construction of a series of concrete diversion channels. The network of channels was built by the Army Corps of Engineers during the 1960s and early 1970s.

Iconic urban wildlife includes the roadrunner, Gunnison's prairie dog, coyote, and New Mexico whiptail lizard. The bosque is a popular destination for wildlife viewing, with opportunities to see porcupines and sandhill cranes in the winter. Cooper's hawks are common in city parks.

Iconic vegetation includes the Rio Grande cottonwood in the bosque, and tree cholla, prickly pear, yucca, chamisa, and oneseed juniper in upland areas. The foothill open space at the eastern border also features Sonoran scrub oak and piñon pine. Desert willows are commonly planted throughout the city. Tumbleweeds are a common weed in disturbed areas, and are used by the city to make an annual holiday snowman.

Cityscape

Panoramic view of the city of Albuquerque looking east
Photo shows the nighttime cityscape of Albuquerque as seen looking west by south from the upper terminal of Sandia Peak Tramway
Nocturnal view of Albuquerque from Sandia Peak Tramway upper terminal

Quadrants

Albuquerque is geographically divided into four unequal quadrants that are officially part of mailing addresses, placed immediately after the street name. They are Northeast (NE), Northwest (NW), Southeast (SE), and Southwest (SW). Albuquerque's official quadrant system uses Central Ave for the north–south division and the railroad tracks for the east–west division. I-25 and I-40 are also sometimes used informally to divide the city into quadrants.

Northeast

This quadrant has been experiencing a housing expansion since the late 1950s. It abuts the base of the Sandia Mountains and contains portions of the foothills neighborhoods, which are significantly higher in elevation than the rest of the city. Running from Central Ave and the Railrunner tracks to the Sandia Peak Aerial Tram, this is the largest quadrant both geographically and by population. Martineztown, the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, the Uptown area, which includes three shopping malls (Coronado Center, ABQ Uptown, and Winrock Town Center), Hoffmantown, Journal Center, and Cliff's Amusement Park are all in this quadrant.

Some of the most affluent neighborhoods in the city are here, including: High Desert, Tanoan, Sandia Heights, and North Albuquerque Acres. Parts of Sandia Heights and North Albuquerque Acres are outside the city limits proper. A few houses in the farthest reach of this quadrant lie in the Cibola National Forest, just over the line into Sandoval County.

Northwest
KiMo Theatre in Downtown

This quadrant contains historic Old Town Albuquerque, which dates to the 18th century, as well as the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center. The area has a mixture of commercial districts and low to high-income neighborhoods. Northwest Albuquerque includes the largest section of Downtown, Rio Grande Nature Center State Park and the Bosque ("woodlands"), Petroglyph National Monument, Double Eagle II Airport, the Paradise Hills neighborhood, Taylor Ranch, and Cottonwood Mall.

This quadrant also contains the North Valley settlement, outside the city limits, which has some expensive homes and small ranches along the Rio Grande. The city of Albuquerque engulfs the village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque. A small portion of the rapidly developing area on the west side of the river south of the Petroglyphs, known as the "West Mesa" or "Westside", consisting primarily of traditional residential subdivisions, also extends into this quadrant. The city proper is bordered on the north by the North Valley, the village of Corrales, and the city of Rio Rancho.

Southeast
Lobo Theater in Nob Hill

Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia National Laboratories, Sandia Science & Technology Park, the Max Q commercial district, Albuquerque International Sunport, American Society of Radiologic Technologists, Central New Mexico Community College, UNM South Campus, Presbyterian Hospital Duke City BMX, University Stadium, Rio Grande Credit Union Field at Isotopes Park, The Pit, Mesa del Sol, Isleta Amphitheater, Netflix Studios, Isleta Resort & Casino, the National Museum of Nuclear Science & History, New Mexico Veterans Memorial, and Talin Market are all located in the Southeast quadrant of Albuquerque.

The southern half of the International District lies along Central Ave and Louisiana Blvd. Here, many immigrant communities have settled and thrive, having established numerous businesses. Albuquerque's Vietnamese American community is partly business-centered in this area, as well as the Eubank, Juan Tabo, and Central areas, and other parts of Albuquerque. There is also a Laotian American temple and a sizable community in parts of this area as well as around Uptown. There is also an African American community around Highland.

The Four Hills neighborhoods are located in and around the foothills on the outskirts of Southeast Albuquerque. The vast newer subdivision of Volterra lies west of the Four Hills area. Popular urban neighborhoods that can be found in Southeast Albuquerque include Nob Hill, Ridgecrest, Parkland Hills, Hyder Park, and University Heights.

Southwest

Traditionally consisting of agricultural and rural areas and suburban neighborhoods, the Southwest quadrant comprises the south-end of Downtown Albuquerque, the Barelas neighborhood, the rapidly growing west side, and the community of South Valley, New Mexico, often called "The South Valley". The quadrant extends all the way to the Isleta Indian Reservation. Newer suburban subdivisions on the West Mesa near the southwestern city limits join homes of older construction, some dating as far back as the 1940s. This quadrant includes the old communities of Atrisco, Los Padillas, Huning Castle, Kinney, Westgate, Westside, Alamosa, Mountainview, and Pajarito. The Bosque ("woodlands"), the National Hispanic Cultural Center, the Rio Grande Zoo, and Tingley Beach are also here.

A new adopted development plan, the Santolina Master Plan, will extend development on the west side past 118th Street SW to the edge of the Rio Puerco Valley and house 100,000 by 2050.

Climate

Albuquerque's climate is classified as a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) according to the Köppen climate classification system, while The Biota of North America Program and the U.S. Geological Survey describe it as warm temperate semi-desert.

Climate data for Albuquerque (Albuquerque International Sunport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1891–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22) 		79
(26) 		85
(29) 		89
(32) 		98
(37) 		107
(42) 		105
(41) 		102
(39) 		100
(38) 		91
(33) 		83
(28) 		72
(22) 		107
(42)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.9
(16.1) 		67.5
(19.7) 		76.8
(24.9) 		83.2
(28.4) 		91.2
(32.9) 		99.3
(37.4) 		99.4
(37.4) 		96.1
(35.6) 		91.7
(33.2) 		83.6
(28.7) 		71.1
(21.7) 		60.8
(16.0) 		100.8
(38.2)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 48.4
(9.1) 		54.1
(12.3) 		62.8
(17.1) 		70.3
(21.3) 		79.9
(26.6) 		90.4
(32.4) 		91.2
(32.9) 		88.8
(31.6) 		82.5
(28.1) 		70.6
(21.4) 		57.3
(14.1) 		47.3
(8.5) 		70.3
(21.3)
Daily mean °F (°C) 37.4
(3.0) 		41.9
(5.5) 		49.5
(9.7) 		56.8
(13.8) 		66.1
(18.9) 		76.1
(24.5) 		78.9
(26.1) 		76.9
(24.9) 		70.3
(21.3) 		58.4
(14.7) 		45.7
(7.6) 		36.9
(2.7) 		57.9
(14.4)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 26.4
(−3.1) 		29.8
(−1.2) 		36.2
(2.3) 		43.2
(6.2) 		52.4
(11.3) 		61.9
(16.6) 		66.5
(19.2) 		64.9
(18.3) 		58.1
(14.5) 		46.1
(7.8) 		34.1
(1.2) 		26.6
(−3.0) 		45.5
(7.5)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 15.4
(−9.2) 		17.6
(−8.0) 		23.9
(−4.5) 		30.5
(−0.8) 		39.6
(4.2) 		52.3
(11.3) 		60.6
(15.9) 		59.0
(15.0) 		47.4
(8.6) 		31.9
(−0.1) 		21.3
(−5.9) 		13.7
(−10.2) 		10.9
(−11.7)
Record low °F (°C) −17
(−27) 		−10
(−23) 		6
(−14) 		13
(−11) 		25
(−4) 		35
(2) 		42
(6) 		46
(8) 		26
(−3) 		19
(−7) 		−7
(−22) 		−16
(−27) 		−17
(−27)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.36
(9.1) 		0.43
(11) 		0.46
(12) 		0.51
(13) 		0.44
(11) 		0.57
(14) 		1.64
(42) 		1.31
(33) 		1.15
(29) 		0.87
(22) 		0.57
(14) 		0.53
(13) 		8.84
(225)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 1.4
(3.6) 		1.5
(3.8) 		0.7
(1.8) 		0.3
(0.76) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.3
(0.76) 		0.9
(2.3) 		2.8
(7.1) 		7.9
(20)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 3.6 3.7 3.8 2.8 3.7 3.5 8.7 8.3 5.9 4.7 3.4 4.0 56.1
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 1.9 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.9 2.5 8.5
Average relative humidity (%) 56.3 49.8 39.7 32.5 31.1 29.8 41.9 47.1 47.4 45.3 49.9 56.8 44.0
Average dew point °F (°C) 18.0
(−7.8) 		19.6
(−6.9) 		19.2
(−7.1) 		21.4
(−5.9) 		27.9
(−2.3) 		35.4
(1.9) 		49.1
(9.5) 		50.4
(10.2) 		44.1
(6.7) 		32.5
(0.3) 		23.7
(−4.6) 		19.0
(−7.2) 		30.0
(−1.1)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 234.2 225.3 270.2 304.6 347.4 359.3 335.0 314.2 286.7 281.4 233.8 223.3 3,415.4
Percent possible sunshine 75 74 73 78 80 83 76 75 77 80 75 73 77
Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)
Climate data for South Valley, New Mexico (elevation 4,955 ft (1,510.3 m), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1991–2022)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 73
(23) 		79
(26) 		86
(30) 		89
(32) 		101
(38) 		105
(41) 		104
(40) 		101
(38) 		98
(37) 		89
(32) 		79
(26) 		70
(21) 		105
(41)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 64.2
(17.9) 		70.3
(21.3) 		79.3
(26.3) 		84.1
(28.9) 		91.7
(33.2) 		99.9
(37.7) 		100.3
(37.9) 		97.2
(36.2) 		92.9
(33.8) 		84.5
(29.2) 		73.0
(22.8) 		63.5
(17.5) 		101.4
(38.6)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 51.1
(10.6) 		57.1
(13.9) 		65.5
(18.6) 		72.4
(22.4) 		80.9
(27.2) 		90.9
(32.7) 		92.5
(33.6) 		90.1
(32.3) 		83.4
(28.6) 		72.2
(22.3) 		59.7
(15.4) 		49.9
(9.9) 		72.1
(22.3)
Daily mean °F (°C) 36.7
(2.6) 		41.9
(5.5) 		49.3
(9.6) 		56.2
(13.4) 		64.5
(18.1) 		73.9
(23.3) 		78.0
(25.6) 		76.0
(24.4) 		68.6
(20.3) 		56.8
(13.8) 		44.6
(7.0) 		36.1
(2.3) 		56.9
(13.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 22.3
(−5.4) 		26.8
(−2.9) 		33.1
(0.6) 		40.1
(4.5) 		48.1
(8.9) 		56.8
(13.8) 		63.4
(17.4) 		61.9
(16.6) 		53.9
(12.2) 		41.4
(5.2) 		29.5
(−1.4) 		22.4
(−5.3) 		41.6
(5.3)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.9
(−12.3) 		13.5
(−10.3) 		19.4
(−7.0) 		27.3
(−2.6) 		35.6
(2.0) 		46.4
(8.0) 		56.1
(13.4) 		54.1
(12.3) 		42.3
(5.7) 		27.9
(−2.3) 		15.8
(−9.0) 		10.4
(−12.0) 		6.9
(−13.9)
Record low °F (°C) −4
(−20) 		−5
(−21) 		6
(−14) 		22
(−6) 		26
(−3) 		41
(5) 		47
(8) 		44
(7) 		36
(2) 		15
(−9) 		9
(−13) 		2
(−17) 		−5
(−21)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.45
(11) 		0.47
(12) 		0.54
(14) 		0.59
(15) 		0.48
(12) 		0.57
(14) 		1.53
(39) 		1.52
(39) 		1.26
(32) 		1.02
(26) 		0.59
(15) 		0.65
(17) 		9.67
(246)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 1.4
(3.6) 		1.3
(3.3) 		0.6
(1.5) 		0.3
(0.76) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.3
(0.76) 		0.6
(1.5) 		2.3
(5.8) 		6.8
(17)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.0 3.6 3.6 8.5 8.9 5.8 4.6 2.9 4.1 56.2
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 1.4 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 1.3 4.9
Source: NOAA
Climate data for Albuquerque Foothills (elevation 6,120 ft (1,865.4 m), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1991–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 69
(21) 		71
(22) 		81
(27) 		86
(30) 		96
(36) 		103
(39) 		104
(40) 		101
(38) 		95
(35) 		86
(30) 		75
(24) 		64
(18) 		104
(40)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 57.2
(14.0) 		63.7
(17.6) 		73.9
(23.3) 		80.2
(26.8) 		88.8
(31.6) 		96.3
(35.7) 		96.6
(35.9) 		93.4
(34.1) 		88.7
(31.5) 		79.9
(26.6) 		66.8
(19.3) 		56.9
(13.8) 		97.7
(36.5)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 45.2
(7.3) 		51.1
(10.6) 		60.1
(15.6) 		68.5
(20.3) 		77.6
(25.3) 		87.7
(30.9) 		88.7
(31.5) 		86.3
(30.2) 		79.8
(26.6) 		67.7
(19.8) 		54.3
(12.4) 		44.5
(6.9) 		67.6
(19.8)
Daily mean °F (°C) 35.4
(1.9) 		39.8
(4.3) 		47.4
(8.6) 		54.4
(12.4) 		63.3
(17.4) 		72.9
(22.7) 		75.6
(24.2) 		73.6
(23.1) 		67.3
(19.6) 		55.6
(13.1) 		43.6
(6.4) 		35.2
(1.8) 		55.3
(12.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 25.6
(−3.6) 		28.6
(−1.9) 		34.7
(1.5) 		40.2
(4.6) 		49.1
(9.5) 		58.2
(14.6) 		62.4
(16.9) 		60.9
(16.1) 		54.8
(12.7) 		43.4
(6.3) 		32.9
(0.5) 		25.8
(−3.4) 		43.0
(6.1)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 12.4
(−10.9) 		15.2
(−9.3) 		19.8
(−6.8) 		26.5
(−3.1) 		35.0
(1.7) 		47.5
(8.6) 		55.3
(12.9) 		54.1
(12.3) 		41.9
(5.5) 		27.7
(−2.4) 		17.7
(−7.9) 		10.6
(−11.9) 		8.5
(−13.1)
Record low °F (°C) 2
(−17) 		−12
(−24) 		10
(−12) 		20
(−7) 		28
(−2) 		40
(4) 		48
(9) 		48
(9) 		31
(−1) 		17
(−8) 		10
(−12) 		3
(−16) 		−12
(−24)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.71
(18) 		0.85
(22) 		1.05
(27) 		0.88
(22) 		0.70
(18) 		0.61
(15) 		2.61
(66) 		2.66
(68) 		1.56
(40) 		1.33
(34) 		0.88
(22) 		1.08
(27) 		14.92
(379)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 4.0
(10) 		4.4
(11) 		3.7
(9.4) 		1.7
(4.3) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.6
(1.5) 		2.4
(6.1) 		6.9
(18) 		23.7
(60)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 5.3 5.5 5.4 4.2 5.1 4.1 11.7 10.5 7.4 5.8 4.7 5.8 75.5
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 3.4 3.1 2.5 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.4 3.8 16.0
Source: NOAA
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Climate chart for Albuquerque

Albuquerque is located near the crossroads of several ecoregions. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the city is located in the southeastern edge of the Arizona/New Mexico Plateau, with the Arizona/New Mexico Mountains ecoregion defining the adjacent Sandia-Manzano mountains, including the foothills in the eastern edges of the city limits, above Juan Tabo Boulevard. Though the city lies at the northern edge of the Chihuahuan Desert transitioning into the Colorado Plateau, much of Albuquerque area west of the Sandia Mountains shares similar aridity, temperatures, and natural vegetation more with that of the Chihuahuan Desert, namely the desert grassland and sand scrub plant communities.

The eastern portion of the greater Albuquerque area are known as the East Mountain area, and they are within the Southwestern Tablelands, sometimes considered a southern extension of the central high plains and northeast New Mexico highlands. To the north is the Southern Rockies ecoregion in the Jemez Mountains.

The average annual precipitation is less than half of evaporation supporting an arid climate (BWk), and no month's daily temperature mean is below freezing. The climate is rather mild compared to parts of the country further north or further south. However, due to the city's high elevation, low temperatures in winter often dip below freezing. Varied terrain and elevations within the city and outlying areas cause daily temperature differentials to vary. The daily average temperatures in December and January, the coldest months, are above freezing at 36.9 °F (2.7 °C) and 37.4 °F (3.0 °C), respectively.

Albuquerque's climate is usually sunny and dry, with an average of 3,415 sunshine hours per year. Brilliant sunshine defines the region, averaging 278 days a year; periods of variably mid and high-level cloudiness temper the sun, mostly during the cooler months. Extended cloudiness lasting longer than two or three days is rare.

Winter typically consists of cool days and cold nights, except following passage of the strongest cold fronts and arctic airmasses when daytime temperatures remain colder than average; overnight temperatures tend to fall below freezing between about 10 pm and 8 am in the city, except during colder airmasses, plus colder spots of the valley and most of the East Mountain areas. December, the coolest month, averages 36.9 °F (2.7 °C); the median or normal coolest temperature of the year is 12 °F (−11 °C), while the average or mean is about 11 °F (−12 °C). It is typical for daily low temperatures in much of late December, and January, and February to be below freezing, with a long-term average of 93 days per year falling to or below freezing, and two days failing to rise above freezing. In March, winds dominate as the temperatures began to warm late in the winter.

Spring is windy, sometimes unsettled with rain, though spring is usually the driest part of the year in Albuquerque. Late March and April tend to experience many days with the wind blowing at 20 to 30 mph (32 to 48 km/h), and afternoon gusts can produce periods of blowing sand and dust. In May, the winds tend to subside as a summer-like airmass and temperatures begin to occur into with regularity. The warming and drying trend continues into June. By mid-June, temperatures can exceed 100 °F (38 °C).

Summer is lengthy and very warm to hot, relatively tolerable for most people because of low humidity and air movement. The exception is some days during the New Mexico monsoon, when daily humidity remains relatively high, especially in July and August. 2.6 days of 100 °F (38 °C) or warmer highs occur annually on average, mostly in June and July and rarely in August due in part to the monsoon; an average of 64 days experience 90 °F (32 °C) or warmer highs. Despite the rarity of such heat, 28 days with highs at or above 100 °F (38 °C) occurred in the summer of 1980 at Albuquerque's Sunport. In September, the monsoon begins to weaken. Portions of the valley and West Mesa locations experience more high temperatures above 90 °F (32 °C) and 100 °F (38 °C) as part of normal or extreme weather each summer.

Autumn is generally cool in the mornings and nights but sees less rain than summer, though the weather can be more unsettled closer to winter, as colder airmasses and weather patterns build in from the north and northwest with more frequency. Occasionally, snow will fall in late autumn in December; rarely in late November.

Precipitation averages 8.84 inches (225 mm) per year. On average, January is the driest month, while July and August are the wettest months, as a result of shower and thunderstorm activity produced by the monsoon prevalent over the Southwestern United States. Most rain occurs during the late summer monsoon season, typically starting in early June and ending in mid-September.

Albuquerque averages 7.9 inches (20 cm) of snow per winter, and experiences several accumulating snow events each season. Locations in the Northeast Heights and Eastern Foothills tend to receive more snowfall due to each region's higher elevation and proximity to the mountains. The city was one of several in the region experiencing a severe winter storm on December 28–30, 2006, with locations in Albuquerque receiving between 10.5 and 26 inches (27 and 66 cm) of snow. More recently, a major winter storm in late February 2015 dropped up to a foot (30 cm) of snow on most of the city. Such large snowfalls are rare occurrences during the period of record, and they greatly impact traffic movement and the workforce due to their rarity.

The mountains and highlands east of the city create a rain shadow effect, due to the drying of air descending the mountains; the Sandia Mountain foothills tend to lift any available moisture, enhancing precipitation to about 10–17 inches (254–432 mm) annually. Traveling west, north, and east of Albuquerque, one quickly rises in elevation and leaves the sheltering effect of the valley to enter a noticeably cooler and slightly wetter environment. One such area is considered part of Albuquerque Metropolitan Area, commonly called the East Mountain area; it is covered in woodlands of juniper and piñon trees, a common trait of southwestern uplands and the southernmost Rocky Mountains.

Hydrology

Albuquerque's drinking water comes from a combination of Rio Grande water (river water diverted from the Colorado River basin through the San Juan–Chama Project) and a delicate aquifer that has been described as an "underground Lake Superior". The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority (ABCWUA) has developed a water resources management strategy that pursues conservation and the direct extraction of water from the Rio Grande for the development of a stable underground aquifer in the future.

Tingley Beach in Old Town, Albuquerque, a pond in a former watercourse by the Rio Grande

The aquifer of the Rio Puerco is too saline to be cost-effectively used for drinking. Much of the rainwater Albuquerque receives does not recharge its aquifer. It is diverted through a network of paved channels and arroyos and empties into the Rio Grande.

Of the 62,780 acre-feet (77,440,000 m) per year of the water in the upper Colorado River basin entitled to municipalities in New Mexico by the Upper Colorado River Basin Compact, Albuquerque owns 48,200. The water is delivered to the Rio Grande by the San Juan–Chama Project. The project's construction was initiated by legislation signed by President John F. Kennedy in 1962, and was completed in 1971. This diversion project transports water under the continental divide from Navajo Lake to Lake Heron on the Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio Grande. In the past much of this water was resold to downstream owners in Texas. These arrangements ended in 2008 with the completion of the ABCWUA's Drinking Water Supply Project.

The ABCWUA's Drinking Water Supply Project uses a system of adjustable-height dams to skim water from the Rio Grande into sluices that lead to water treatment facilities for direct conversion to potable water. Some water is allowed to flow through central Albuquerque, mostly to protect the endangered Rio Grande silvery minnow. Treated effluent water is recycled into the Rio Grande south of the city. The ABCWUA expects river water to comprise up to seventy percent of its water budget in 2060. Groundwater will constitute the remainder. One of the policies of the ABCWUA's strategy is the acquisition of additional river water.

Demographics

Residents of the city are known as Burqueños (masculine grammatical gender) or Burqueñas (feminine grammatical gender), or more rarely as simply "Albuquerqueans". The Spanish terms are from Chicano slang (Caló). "Burqueño" is also sometimes used as an adjective for anything related to that city, or to specifically refer to someone who identifies with the Burqueños New Mexico prison gang, or one of the barrios within Albuquerque. Burqueños often speak New Mexican Spanish and Western American English.

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18802,315—
18903,78563.5%
19006,23864.8%
191011,02076.7%
192015,15737.5%
193026,57075.3%
194035,44933.4%
195096,815173.1%
1960201,189107.8%
1970244,50121.5%
1980332,92036.2%
1990384,73615.6%
2000448,60716.6%
2010545,85221.7%
2020564,5593.4%
U.S. Decennial Census
2010–2020
Historical racial profile 2020 2010 1990 1970 1950
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 49.2% 46.7% 34.5% 33.1% N/A
White 70.3% 69.7% 78.2% 95.7% 98.0%
 —Non-Hispanic 38.3% 42.1% 58.3% 63.3% N/A
American Indian and Alaska Native persons 4.5% 4.6%
Black or African American 3.1% 3.3% 3.0% 2.2% 1.3%
Asian 3% 2.6% 1.7% 0.3% 0.1%

According to the 2020 U.S. census, there were 564,559 people and 229,701 households in Albuquerque. The population density was 2,907.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,122.6/km), making Albuquerque one of the least densely populated large cities in the U.S.

In 2020, the racial makeup of the city (including Latinos in the racial counts) was 60.3% White, 4.5% Native American, 3.1% Black or African American, 3% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, and 9.2% Multiracial (two or more races). About half of all residents (47.7%) were Hispanic or Latino, of any race while non-Hispanic whites accounted for 37.7%.

2020 census

Albuquerque, New Mexico – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000 Pop 2010 Pop 2020 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 223,895 229,933 212,966 49.91% 42.12% 37.72%
Black or African American alone (NH) 12,376 14,878 16,649 2.76% 2.73% 2.95%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 14,813 20,627 25,195 3.30% 3.78% 4.46%
Asian alone (NH) 9,689 13,674 18,041 2.16% 2.51% 3.20%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 339 418 483 0.08% 0.08% 0.09%
Other race alone (NH) 682 1,224 2,888 0.15% 0.22% 0.51%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 7,738 10,043 19,099 1.72% 1.84% 3.38%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 179,075 255,055 269,238 39.92% 46.73% 47.69%
Total 448,607 545,852 564,559 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

In 2010, about one-third of Albuquerque households (33.3%) had children under the age of 18, 43.6% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families; 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.02.

In 2010, the age distribution was 24.5% under 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

In 2010, the median income for a household in the city was $38,272, and the median income for a family was $46,979. Males had a median income of $34,208 versus $26,397 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,884. About 10.0% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

The Albuquerque metropolitan area had 923,630 residents in July 2020. The area includes Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Placitas, Zia Pueblo, Los Lunas, Belen, South Valley, Bosque Farms, Jemez Pueblo, Cuba, and part of Laguna Pueblo. This metro is part of the larger Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area (CSA), with a population of 1,171,991 as of 2016. The CSA constitutes the southernmost point of the Southern Rocky Mountain Front megalopolis, with a population of 5,467,633 according to the 2010 United States census, including other major Rocky Mountain region cities such as Cheyenne, Wyoming; Denver, Colorado; and Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Religion

Religion in Albuquerque

  Unaffiliated (52.8%)  Catholic (26.5%)  Protestant (16.3%)  Mormon (2.1%)  Buddhism (1%)  Jewish (0.4%)  Islam (0.3%)  Orthodox (0.2%)  Hinduism (0.1%)  Other faiths (0.3%)

Of the residents of Albuquerque who are religious, the majority of them are Christian. Reflecting its long history as a Spanish city, Catholicism is the largest denomination; Catholics are served by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Fe, whose administrative center is located in Albuquerque. Collectively, other Christian churches and organizations, such as the Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy, among others, make up the second largest group. Baptists form the third largest Christian group, followed by Latter Day Saints, Pentecostals, Methodists, Presbyterians, Lutherans and Episcopalians.

Judaism is the second-largest non-Christian religion in Albuquerque; Congregation Albert, a Reform synagogue established in 1897, is the oldest extant Jewish organization in New Mexico. Islam is the next largest minority religion, with an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 adherents, representing 85% of the state's Muslim population. The Islamic Center of New Mexico is the largest mosque in Albuquerque, hosting daily prayers and activities for both Muslims and non-Muslims.

The Albuquerque Sikh Gurudwara and Guru Nanak Gurdwara Albuquerque serve the city's Sikh population, while the main Hindu organizations are the Hindu Temple Society of New Mexico and Gayatri Temple. There are several Buddhist temples and centers throughout the city, representing different movements and schools, such as Zen and Soka Gakki.

Homelessness

Main article: Homelessness in New Mexico

Like many major American cities, Albuquerque struggles with homelessness, which has become more visible since the 2000s. According to Rock at Noon Day, a homeless services center, there were an estimated 4,000 to 4,500 homeless people living in the Albuquerque metropolitan area in 2019, with millennials and elderly accounting for the fastest growing segments. Albuquerque Public Schools spokeswoman Monica Armenta said the number of homeless children enrolled in district schools (meaning children from families that have no permanent address) has consistently ranged from 3,200 to 3,500. The Coordinated Entry System, a centralized citywide system used to track and fill supportive housing openings when they become available, shows that about 5,000 households experienced homelessness in 2018. Homelessness is particularly concentrated around Downtown, and also in the International District off Central Avenue, which suffers from chronic urban decay and drug use.

Arts and culture

See also: List of historic landmarks in Albuquerque, New Mexico and List of points of interest in Albuquerque, New Mexico
Sandia Peak Tramway

Albuquerque hosts the International Balloon Fiesta, the world's largest gathering of hot-air balloons, taking place every October at Balloon Fiesta Park, with its 47-acre launch field. Another large venue is Expo New Mexico, where other annual events are held, such as North America's largest pow wow at the Gathering of Nations, as well as the New Mexico State Fair. Other major venues throughout the metropolitan area include the National Hispanic Cultural Center, the University of New Mexico's Popejoy Hall, Santa Ana Star Center, and Isleta Amphitheater. Old Town Albuquerque's Plaza, Hotel, and San Felipe de Neri Church hosts traditional fiestas and events such as weddings, also near Old Town are the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque Museum of Art and History, Indian Pueblo Cultural Center, Explora, American International Rattlesnake Museum, and Albuquerque Biological Park. Other notable museums in Albuquerque include the National Museum of Nuclear Science & History and the Anderson-Abruzzo Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta Museum and more can be found here. Located in Downtown Albuquerque are historic theaters such as the KiMo Theater, which is located across the street from the New Mexico Holocaust & Intolerance Museum, and the Albuquerque Little Theater. Near the Civic Plaza is the Al Hurricane Pavilion and Albuquerque Convention Center with its Kiva Auditorium. Due to its population size, the metropolitan area regularly receives most national and international music concerts, Broadway shows, and other large traveling events, as well as New Mexico music, and other local music performances.

Albuquerque Botanical Gardens

Sandia Peak Ski Area, adjacent to Albuquerque, provides both winter and summer recreation in the Sandia Mountains. It features Sandia Peak Tramway, the world's second-longest passenger aerial tramway, and the longest in the Americas. It stretches from the northeast edge of the city to Sandia Peak, the summit of the ski resort, and has the world's third-longest single span. Elevation at the summit is roughly 10,300 ft (3,100 m) above sea level, or "ten-three".

Media and entertainment

Further information: Media in Albuquerque, New Mexico

Albuquerque is a hub for production studios, including Albuquerque Studios, which is one of the primary productions hubs for Netflix. Several major motion pictures and television shows have been filmed and produced in Albuquerque, including scenes from Walt Disney Presents Elfego Baca, The Muppet Movie, the Breaking Bad franchise, The Avengers, A Million Ways to Die in the West, In Plain Sight, Speechless, Daybreak, Just Getting Started, and Stranger Things season 4. NBCUniversal also has a sizable and expanding presence in the city, as do independent multimedia franchise studios.

Numerous works of fiction take place, either fully or in part, in the Albuquerque metropolitan area including Albuquerque (1948 Western), Bless Me, Ultima, The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, Breaking Bad (along with its spin-offs Better Call Saul and El Camino), and High School Musical. The city is referenced in Billy Mize's 1967 album Lights of Albuquerque, Jim Glaser's 1986 song "The Lights of Albuquerque", Neil Young's song "Albuquerque", and "Weird" Al Yankovic's song "Albuquerque". The city is referenced in "Hungry, Hungry Homer", the 15th episode of the twelfth season of The Simpsons, which features Albuquerque as the location where the owners of the Springfield Isotopes baseball team wish to relocate; the episode inspired the name of the real Albuquerque Isotopes Minor League team. Many Bugs Bunny cartoon shorts feature Bugs traveling around the world by burrowing underground. Ending up in the wrong place, Bugs consults a map, complaining, "I knew I should have taken that left turn at Albuquerque." Failure to do so can somehow result in Bugs ending up thousands of miles off-course. (Bugs first uses that line in 1945's Herr Meets Hare.)

The city is served by one major newspaper, the Albuquerque Journal, which, along with Albuquerque the Magazine, is distributed throughout the Southwestern United States and catalogued by the Library of Congress. The Journal is New Mexico's most widely circulated newspaper, and used to compete with The Albuquerque Tribune until 2008; today The Journal competes with The Santa Fe New Mexican and Las Cruces Sun-News. The Albuquerque metropolitan area itself has other local periodicals, Valencia County News-Bulletin, Rio Rancho Observer, Corrales Comment, and the student newspapers of The Lobo at University of New Mexico and CNM Chronicle at Central New Mexico Community College.

Albuquerque is also home to numerous radio and television stations that serve the metropolitan and outlying rural areas. Albuquerque is home to eighteen broadcast television stations, including KOB, KRQE, KOAT-TV, and KLUZ-TV, although most households are served by direct cable network connections. Comcast Cable nearly has a monopoly on terrestrial cable service in the city, but not throughout the entire Albuquerque-Santa Fe media market, which is ranked as the 48th largest television market in the United States, Comcast shares the metropolitan market with Cable One, Unite Private Networks, and various satellite and wireless providers.

Christian media outlets in the city include Trinity Broadcasting Network which owns the KNAT-TV signal, and independent Christian broadcasting exists on KAZQ. Each of the Albuquerque metropolitan area's megachurches have media presence with broadcasts of their sermons, those include Legacy, Calvary, and Sagebrush. Christian radio is found on FM and AM through KLYT, KSVA, KDAZ, KFLQ, and KKIM.

Radio and music

One of the longest running AM broadcasts in the United States is an ABC News Radio station called KKOB (AM). The first officially licensed FM radio broadcast in Albuquerque was KANW which mostly broadcasts the New Mexico music genre and NPR programming.

Performers such as Al Hurricane, Al Hurricane Jr, Lorenzo Antonio, and Sparx popularized New Mexico's Hispano and Native American folk genre by blending it with rockabilly, jazz, Western, Norteño, Latin pop, and rock music. Then mayor Richard J. Berry named the center stage of Albuquerque Plaza the "Al Hurricane Pavilion". Regional folk and country music continues to be played on local radio, such as the New Mexico music genre specific KANW, as well as KNMM on Saturdays, country radio stations KRST "92.1" and KBQI "The Big-I 107.9", along with KBQI's classic country "98.1 The Bull", and Regional Mexican radio on KLVO "Radio Lobo 97.7".

Other forms of American popular music are represented on FM radio: contemporary hit radio is featured on KOBQ. During the 1990s, the urban contemporary music radio format had two major stations, on "KISS 97.3" KKSS and "WILD 106" KDLW. Today, KISS 97.3 still exists, though WILD has changed to a variety of formats. In the 2000s modern rock stations focusing on alternative rock, nu metal, and adult contemporary music became popular in the city, including the FM station KPEK "100.3 The Peak". During this time, contemporary Christian music garnered success with KLYT, branded as M88 in its earlier days, due to the crossover of Christian rock and Christian hip hop with popular music.

Music groups based in Albuquerque include A Hawk and A Hacksaw, Beirut, The Echoing Green, The Eyeliners, Hazeldine, Leiahdorus, Oliver Riot, Scared of Chaka, and The Shins.

Talk radio has several outlets in the Albuquerque area. Including a public radio station run by The University of New Mexico KUNM-FM, for conservative talk radio there is KIVA "The Rock of Talk" owned by Eddy Aragon, and KKOB has a Cumulus Media station affiliated with ABC News Radio. As for sports radio there is KNML "The Sports Animal" and KQTM "The Team".

Food and agriculture

As a large and multicultural city, Albuquerque is home to a variety of global cuisines, in addition to local New Mexican cuisine. Many local restaurants receive statewide attention, with several becoming chains; the city hosts the headquarters of Blake's Lotaburger, Little Anita's, Twisters, Dion's, Boba Tea Company, and Sadie's, most of which offer New Mexican fare.

As the focus of the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District, the city is punctuated by agricultural acequias that contrast with the otherwise heavily urban settings. Crops such as New Mexico chile are grown along the entire Rio Grande; the red or green chile pepper is a staple of New Mexican cuisine and widely available in restaurants, including national fast-food chains. Likewise, the Albuquerque metro is a major contributor to the Middle Rio Grande Valley AVA, where New Mexico wine is produced at several vineyards; the river also provides trade access to the Mesilla Valley to the south (containing Las Cruces, New Mexico and El Paso, Texas), with its own wine offerings, and the adjacent Hatch Valley, which is well known for its New Mexico chile peppers. Albuquerque also has a burgeoning brewery scene.

International Balloon Fiesta

Main article: Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta
Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta

The Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta takes place at Balloon Fiesta Park the first week of October. Although the global COVID-19 forced the cancellation of the 2020 event, The Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta successfully returned in 2021. It is one of Albuquerque's biggest attractions. Hundreds of hot-air balloons are seen every day, and there is live music, arts and crafts, and food.

Architecture

See also: list of tallest buildings in Albuquerque
Old Town Albuquerque is filled with Territorial Style architecture and design.

The original architecture of La Villa de Albuquerque is referred to as the Territorial Style, it was revitalized as the Territorial Revival architecture. Architect John Gaw Meem is often credited with this revival.

John Gaw Meem is also credited with developing and popularizing the Pueblo Revival style, which was based in Santa Fe but received an important Albuquerque commission in 1933 as the architect of the University of New Mexico. He retained this commission for the next quarter-century and developed the university's distinctive Southwest style. Meem also designed the Cathedral Church of St. John in 1950.

Pueblo Deco architecture was derived from Pueblo and Territorial styles meeting the Art Deco movement, and it is richly featured in downtown Albuquerque. Albuquerque boasts a unique nighttime cityscape, personified in the lights of Albuquerque, a common motif in art and song. The city lights twinkle and glitter from views on Nine Mile Hill, it was among Elvis Presley's favorite views. Route 66 era neon signs, and LED style versions of the neon-style are common throughout the city. Many building exteriors are illuminated in vibrant colors such as green and blue. The Wells Fargo Building is illuminated green. The DoubleTree Hotel changes colors nightly, and the Compass Bank building is illuminated blue. The rotunda of the county courthouse is illuminated yellow, while the tops of the Bank of Albuquerque and the Bank of the West are illuminated reddish-yellow. Due to the nature of the soil in the Rio Grande Valley, the skyline is lower than might be expected in a city of comparable size elsewhere, and it was used to highlight the low-lying architecture of heritage Pueblo and Hispano architectural styles.

Roosevelt Park is a historic park in central Albuquerque.

Albuquerque has expanded greatly in area since the mid-1940s. During those years of expansion, the planning of the newer areas has considered that people drive rather than walk. The pre-1940s parts of Albuquerque are quite different in style and scale from the post-1940s areas. The older areas include the North Valley, the South Valley, various neighborhoods near downtown, and Corrales. The newer areas generally feature four- to six-lane roads in a 1 mile (1.61 km) grid. Each 1 square mile (2.59 km) is divided into four 160-acre (0.65 km) neighborhoods by smaller roads set 0.5 miles (0.8 km) between major roads. When driving along major roads in the newer sections of Albuquerque, one sees strip malls, signs, and cinderblock walls. The upside of this planning style is that neighborhoods are shielded from the worst of the noise and lights on the major roads.

Libraries

The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Library system consists of nineteen libraries to serve the city, including the Main Library, Special Collections branch (Old Main Library), and Ernie Pyle branch, which is located in the former home of noted war correspondent Ernie Pyle. The Old Main Library was the first library of Albuquerque and from 1901 until 1948 it was the only public library. The original library was donated to the state by Joshua and Sarah Raynolds. After suffering some fire damage in 1923 the city decided it was time to construct a building for the library to be moved to, however, by 1970 even after additions were made the population and library needs had outgrown the building for its use as a main library and it was turned into Special Collections. The Old Main Library was recognized as a landmark in September 1979. It was not until 1974 with the movement of the South Valley Library into a new building that the Bernalillo built and administered a public library. Not long after, in 1986, the Bernalillo and Albuquerque government decided that joint powers would work best to serve the needs of the community and created the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Library System.

Parks and recreation

The Bosque is a major outdoors area in the city, it has to numerous hiking and biking trails. The Sandia–Manzano Mountains and West Mesa also have many hiking trails, such as La Luz Trail and Petroglyph National Monument. According to the Trust for Public Land, Albuquerque has 291 public parks as of 2017, most of which are administered by the city Parks and Recreation Department. The total amount of parkland is 42.9 square miles (111 km2), or about 23% of the city's total area—one of the highest percentages among large cities in the U.S. About 82% of city residents live within walking distance of a park.

The Albuquerque Biological Park manages the ABQ BioPark Botanic Garden, ABQ BioPark Aquarium, Tingley Beach, and ABQ BioPark Zoo. Amusement parks in the city include Cliff's Amusement Park and Hinkle Family Fun Center; there was formerly The Beach waterpark, which became a vacant lot on Desert Surf Circle for several years, until Topgolf made a driving range in the lot.

There are numerous golf courses in the city area; Arroyo Del Oso Golf Course, Isleta Eagle Golf Course, Ladera Golf Course, Los Altos Golf Course, Paa-Ko Ridge Golf Club, Paradise Hills Golf Course, Puerto del Sol Golf Course, Sandia Golf Club, Santa Ana Golf Club, Twin Warriors Golf Club, and University of New Mexico's Championship Golf Course.

Traditional arts

Albuquerque is home to over 300 other visual arts, music, dance, literary, film, ethnic, and craft organizations, museums, festivals and associations, and the state's capital Santa Fe is known for being a major arts city. One of the major art events in the state is the summertime New Mexico Arts and Crafts Fair, a nonprofit show exclusively for New Mexico artists and held annually in Albuquerque since 1961.

Sports

University Stadium, home to the New Mexico Lobos football
Isotopes baseball park

The Albuquerque Isotopes are a minor league affiliate of the Colorado Rockies, having derived their name from The Simpsons season 12 episode "Hungry, Hungry Homer", which involves the Springfield Isotopes baseball team considering relocating to Albuquerque.

On June 6, 2018, the USL Championship division announced its latest soccer expansion club with New Mexico United, who play their home matches at Rio Grande Credit Union Field at Isotopes Park.

Having been home to boxing mainstays Brenda Burnside, Bob Foster, and Johnny Tapia, Albuquerque later became home to Jackson Wink MMA gym. Several MMA world champions and fighters, including Holly Holm and Jon Jones, train in that facility. The PGA of America offers Albuquerque golf tournaments with Sun Country Golf House, including the Sun Country PGA Championship and the New Mexico Open which have been hosted in the metropolitan area several times. Roller sports are finding a home in Albuquerque as they hosted USARS Championships in 2015, and are home to Roller hockey, and Roller Derby teams.

While no longer operating in an official capacity, the defunct Albuquerque Dukes minor league baseball team still has a major following, and the Major League Baseball organization is aware of the team's continued popularity. The Isotopes sometimes hold a Dukes Retro Night where they wear Dukes uniforms, and The Duke mascot continues to be an icon of the city.

Team Sport League Venue capacity
Albuquerque Isotopes Baseball Pacific Coast League Rio Grande Credit Union Field at Isotopes Park 13,279
New Mexico United Soccer USL Championship Rio Grande Credit Union Field at Isotopes Park 13,279
Albuquerque Sol Soccer USL League Two Ben Rios Field 1,500
Duke City Gladiators Indoor Football Indoor Football League Rio Rancho Events Center 6,000
New Mexico Lobos NCAA Division I FBS Football Mountain West Conference University Stadium 42,000
New Mexico Lobos (men and women) NCAA Division I Basketball Mountain West Conference The Pit 15,411
Duke City Roller Derby Roller Derby Wells Park Community Center
New Mexico Ice Wolves Ice hockey NAHL Outpost Ice Arenas
New Mexico Macanas Ulama de Cadera AJUPEME USA Mesa Verde Community Center

Government and politics

Main article: Government of Albuquerque, New Mexico
Albuquerque registered voters as of July 2016
Party Number of Voters Percentage
Democratic 123,594 40.03%
Republican 104,662 34.13%
Unaffiliated and third party 78,404 25.57%

Albuquerque is a charter city, exercising home rule as opposed to being directly governed by state law. Its charter was adopted in 1917 and has been amended several times, most notably in 1974, when the municipal government was changed from a commission-manager system to its current mayor–council system. Under this arrangement, power is divided between a mayor who serves as chief executive, and a nine-member council that holds legislative authority. The current mayor is Tim Keller, who was elected in 2017.

The mayor of Albuquerque holds a full-time paid position and is directly elected for four-year terms. Members of the Albuquerque City Council serve part-time, paid positions and are elected from their nine respective districts for four-year terms, with four or five councilors elected every two years. Elections for mayor and councilor are nonpartisan. Each December, a new council president and vice-president are chosen by and among council members.

The city council has the power to adopt all ordinances, resolutions, or other legislation. It meets twice a month in the Vincent E. Griego Council Chambers of the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Government Center. Ordinances and resolutions passed by the council are presented to the mayor for his approval; if the mayor vetoes an item, the council can override the veto by a two-thirds vote of councilors. Each year, the mayor submits a city budget proposal for the next year to the council by April 1, and the council acts on the proposal within the next 60 days.

Albuquerque's judicial system consists of the Bernalillo County Metropolitan Court, which serves other municipalities and unincorporated areas in the county; the main Metropolitan Courthouse is located in downtown Judges serve in nineteen divisions and are subject to partisan elections by county voters every four years.

The Albuquerque Police Department (APD) is the chief law enforcement entity within city limits; the unincorporated area of Bernalillo County is policed primarily by the Bernalillo County Sheriff's Department. With approximately 1,000 sworn officers, APD is the largest municipal police department in New Mexico; in September 2008, it was the 49th largest police department in the country, according to the U.S. Department of Justice.

Albuquerque serves as the county seat of Bernalillo County. The City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County share some social services, and have created a joint city-county commission called the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Government Commission (ABCGC). In 1986, the City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County governments entered the joint powers agreement that created the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County Library System. The Bernalillo County Metropolitan Detention Center opened in 2003 and was jointly managed by the City of Albuquerque and Bernalillo County until 2006, and fully managed by Bernalillo County from 2006 to present.

Economy

See also: economy of New Mexico

Albuquerque is New Mexico's leading economic center, accounting for half the state's economic activity. The city's economy is highly diversified, centering on science, medicine, technology, commerce, education, media entertainment, and culture (particularly fine arts); construction, film production, and retail trade have seen the most robust growth since 2020.

Albuquerque is the center of the New Mexico Technology Corridor, a concentration of institutions engaged in scientific research and development, which in turn forms part of the larger Rio Grande Technology Corridor that stretches from southern Colorado to southwestern Texas. Major nodes within the corridor include federal installations such as Kirtland Air Force Base, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratories; private healthcare facilities such as Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute and Presbyterian Health Services; academic institutions such as the University of New Mexico and Central New Mexico Community College; and private companies such as Intel (which has a fabrication site in neighboring Rio Rancho), Facebook (with a data center in Los Lunas), Northrop Grumman, passive solar energy company Zomeworks, and Tempur-Pedic. The city was also the founding location of MITS and Microsoft.

Beginning with the Manhattan Project in the 1940s, federal labs such as Los Alamos, Sandia, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have cooperated on multidisciplinary research in the region; contractors for these facilities bring highly educated workers and researchers to an otherwise relatively isolated area, many of whom establish or work with local tech companies. The federal government spends roughly $4 billion annually in research and development in and around Albuquerque. Pursuant to the CHIPS and Science Act—federal legislation aimed at expanding domestic semiconductor manufacturing, research and development of new technology, and workforce training—the U.S. Department of Energy announced plans to construct a new 100,000-square-foot technology incubator for companies, academia, and national laboratories, as well as a new platform for facilitating the development of tech startups among minority communities.

The governments of Albuquerque and New Mexico have sought to attract more private investment into technology startups. The bioscience sector has experienced particularly robust growth, beginning with the 2013 opening of a BioScience Center in Uptown Albuquerque, which was the state's first private incubator for biotechnology startups; since then, New Mexico-based scientists have formed roughly 150 bioscience startups, many of which are based in the Albuquerque metropolitan area. In 2017, the state-funded Bioscience Authority was established to help promote local industry development, particularly through public-private partnerships; the following year, pharmaceutical company Curia built two large facilities in Albuquerque, and in fall 2022 broke ground on a $100 million expansion of its local operations.

Film studios have a major presence throughout New Mexico; Netflix maintains a major production hub at Albuquerque Studios. There are numerous shopping centers and malls within the city, including ABQ Uptown, Coronado, Cottonwood, Nob Hill, and Winrock. Outside city limits but surrounded by the city is a horse racing track and casino called The Downs Casino and Racetrack, and the pueblos surrounding the city feature resort casinos, including Sandia Resort, Santa Ana Star, Isleta Resort, and Laguna Pueblo's Route 66 Resort.

Largest employers in Albuquerque
1 Kirtland Air Force Base
2 University of New Mexico
3 Sandia National Laboratories
4 Albuquerque Public Schools
5 Presbyterian Healthcare Services
6 City of Albuquerque (Government)
7 Lovelace–Sandia Health System
8 Presbyterian Medical Services
9 Intel Corporation
10 State of New Mexico (Government)
11 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

Education

Further information: list of middle schools in Albuquerque, New Mexico; list of high schools in Albuquerque, New Mexico; and list of colleges and universities in New Mexico

Albuquerque is home to the University of New Mexico, the largest university in the state and the flagship of the state public university system. Central New Mexico Community College is a county-funded junior college serving new high school graduates and adults returning to school.

Zimmerman Library at University of New Mexico

Albuquerque hosts several programs and nonprofit schools of higher learning, including Southwest University of Visual Arts, Trinity Southwest University, the University of St. Francis College of Nursing and Allied Health Department of Physician Assistant Studies, and the St. Norbert College Master of Theological Studies program. Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute (SIPI) is in an unincorporated area adjacent to Albuquerque. The Ayurvedic Institute, one of the first Ayurveda colleges specializing in Ayurvedic medicine outside India, was established in 1984. Other state and nonprofit institutions of higher learning have moved some programs into Albuquerque; these include New Mexico State University, Highlands University, Lewis University, Wayland Baptist University, and Webster University. Several for-profit technical schools including Brookline College, Pima Medical Institute, National American University, Grand Canyon University, the University of Phoenix and several barber/beauty colleges have established their presence in the area.

Albuquerque Public Schools (APS) is the school district covering all of Albuquerque. Schools within APS include both public and charter entities. Numerous accredited private preparatory schools also serve Albuquerque students. These include various pre-high school religious (Christian, Jewish, Islamic) affiliates and Montessori schools, as well as Menaul School, Albuquerque Academy, St. Pius X High School, Sandia Preparatory School, the Bosque School, Evangel Christian Academy, Hope Christian School, Hope Connection School, Shepherd Lutheran School, Temple Baptist Academy, and Victory Christian. Accredited private schools serving students with special education needs in Albuquerque include: Desert Hills, Pathways Academy, and Presbyterian Ear Institute Oral School. The New Mexico School for the Deaf runs a preschool for children with hearing impairments in Albuquerque.

Infrastructure

Since the city's founding, it has continued to be included on travel and trade routes including the historic El Camino Real, Santa Fe Railway (ATSF), Route 66, and the modern Interstate 25, Interstate 40, New Mexico State Road 45, and Albuquerque International Sunport. Albuquerque is the second largest city in the United States (after Phoenix) to have at least two Interstate Highways, but no three-digit Interstates.

Aerial view of Interstate 40

Transportation

Main highways

Some of the main highways in the metro area include:

  • Pan-American Freeway: More commonly known as Interstate 25 or "I-25", it is the main north–south highway on the city's eastern side of the Rio Grande. It is also the main north–south highway in the state (by connecting Albuquerque with Santa Fe and Las Cruces) and a plausible route of the eponymous Pan American Highway. Since Route 66 was decommissioned in the 1980s, the only remaining US highway in Albuquerque, unsigned US-85, shares its alignment with I-25. US-550 splits off to the northwest from I-25/US-85 in Bernalillo.
  • Coronado Freeway: More commonly known as Interstate 40 or "I-40", it is the city's main east–west traffic artery and an important transcontinental route. The freeway's name in the city is in reference to 16th century conquistador and explorer Francisco Vásquez de Coronado.
  • Paseo del Norte: (aka; New Mexico State Highway 423): This 6-lane controlled-access highway is approximately five miles north of Interstate 40. It runs as a surface road with at-grade intersections from Tramway Boulevard (at the base of the Sandia Mountains) to Interstate 25, after which it continues as a controlled-access freeway through Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, over the Rio Grande to North Coors Boulevard. Paseo Del Norte then continues west as a surface road through the Petroglyph National Monument until it reaches Atrisco Vista Boulevard and the Double Eagle II Airport. The interchange with Interstate 25 was reconstructed in 2014 to improve traffic flow.
  • Coors Boulevard: Coors is the main north–south artery to the west of the Rio Grande in Albuquerque. There is one full interchange where it connects with Interstate 40; The rest of the route connects to other roads with at-grade intersections controlled by stoplights. The Interstate 25 underpass has no access to Coors. Parts of the highway have sidewalks, bike lanes, and medians, but most sections have only dirt shoulders and a center turn lane. To the north of Interstate 40, part of the route is numbered as State Highway 448, while to the south, part of the route is numbered as State Highway 45.
  • Rio Bravo Boulevard: The main river crossing between Westside Albuquerque and the Sunport, Rio Bravo is a four-lane divided highway that runs from University Boulevard in the east, through the South Valley, to Coors Boulevard in the west where it is contiguous with Dennis Chaves Boulevard. It follows NM-500 for its entire route.
  • Central Avenue: Central is one of the historical routings of Route 66, it is no longer a main through highway, its usefulness having been supplanted by Interstate 40.
  • Alameda Boulevard: The main road between Rio Rancho and North Albuquerque, Alameda Boulevard stretches from Tramway Road to Coors Boulevard The route is designated as the eastern portion of NM-528.
  • Tramway Boulevard: Serves as a bypass around the northeastern quadrant, the route is designated as NM-556. Tramway Boulevard starts at I-25 near Sandia Pueblo, and heads east as a two-lane road. It turns south near the base of the Sandia Peak Tramway and becomes an expressway-type divided highway until its terminus near I-40 and Central Avenue by the western entrance to Tijeras Canyon.

The interchange between I-40 and I-25 is known as the "Big I". Originally built in 1966, it was rebuilt in 2002. The Big I is the only five-level stack interchange in the state of New Mexico.

Bridges

There are six road bridges that cross the Rio Grande and serve the municipality on at least one end if not both. The eastern approaches of the northernmost three all pass through adjacent unincorporated areas, the Village of Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, or the North Valley. In downstream order they are:

  • Alameda Bridge
  • Paseo del Norte Bridge
  • Montaño Bridge
  • I-40 Bridge
  • Central at Old Town Bridge
  • Barelas Bridge

Two more bridges serve urbanized areas contiguous to the city's perforated southern boundary.

Rail

Rail Runner Express Downtown Albuquerque station train platform

The state owns most of the city's rail infrastructure which is used by a commuter rail system, long-distance passenger trains, and the freight trains of the BNSF Railway.

Freight service

BNSF Railway operates a small yard operation out of Abajo yard, located just south of the César E. Chávez Ave. overpass and the New Mexico Rail Runner Express yards. Most freight traffic through the Central New Mexico region is processed via a much larger hub in nearby Belen, New Mexico.

Intercity rail

Amtrak's Southwest Chief, which travels between Chicago and Los Angeles, serves the Albuquerque area daily with one stop in each direction at the Alvarado Transportation Center in downtown.

Intercity Bus Services

Greyhound Lines and FlixBus offer intercity transportation services to the Albuquerque Metro Area as well as transportation to other cities around the United States.

Commuter rail

The New Mexico Rail Runner Express, a commuter rail line, began service between Sandoval County and Albuquerque in July 2006 using an existing BNSF right-of-way which was purchased by New Mexico in 2005. Service expanded to Valencia County in December 2006 and to Santa Fe on December 17, 2008. Rail Runner now connects Santa Fe, Sandoval, Bernalillo, and Valencia Counties with thirteen station stops, including three stops within Albuquerque. The trains connect Albuquerque to downtown Santa Fe with eight roundtrips per weekday. The section of the line running south to Belen is served less frequently.

Local mass transit

Alvarado Transportation Center, an intermodal transportation hub in downtown Albuquerque

The primary mass transit system is ABQ RIDE, which operates a variety of bus routes throughout the city, including the Albuquerque Rapid Transit (ART) express bus service. The central nexus for public transportation is the Alvarado Transportation System, which connects ABQ RIDE to Amtrak, Greyhound Lines, and the New Mexico Rail Runner Express commuter rail.

ART logo

In 2011, the City of Albuquerque commissioned a study to develop a bus rapid transit system through the Central Avenue corridor, which accounted for 44% of all bus riders in ABQ RIDE. Construction began in 2017 on Albuquerque Rapid Transit (ART), including dedicated bus lanes between Coors and Louisiana Boulevards. ART opened for service in November 2019 and was free to use until January 1, 2020.

Albuquerque was one of two cities in New Mexico to have had an electric street railway; its horse-drawn streetcar lines were electrified in the early 20th century. The Albuquerque Traction Company assumed operation of the system in 1905, and it grew to its maximum length of 6 miles (9.7 km) over the next ten years, connecting destinations such as Old Town to the west and the University of New Mexico to the east with the town's urban center near the former Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway depot. The Albuquerque Traction Company failed financially in 1915 and the City Electric Company was formed in its place. Despite traffic booms during the First World War, and unaided by lawsuits attempting to force the streetcar company to pay for paving, that system also failed later in 1927, leaving the streetcar's "motorettes" unemployed.

In 2006, under Mayor Martin Chavez, Albuquerque planned a "fast track" development of a "Modern Streetcar" project, which would run mostly in the southeast quadrant on Central Avenue and Yale Boulevard. Funding for the $270 million system failed amid vocal opposition from some residents.

Bicycle transit

Albuquerque has a well-developed network of trails, bicycle routes, and paths totaling over 400 miles. A 2021 study by Walk Score ranked it 26th out of 130 U.S. cities in bike friendliness, based on indicators such infrastructure, terrain, and connectivity. In 2009, Albuquerque opened its first Bicycle Boulevard on Silver Avenue. In 2015, the city adopted the "Bikeway & Trails Facility Plan" to invest in its bicycle infrastructure, including improving and expanding the existing system, adding new routes, and establishing bike sharing programs.

Walkability

A 2011 study by Walk Score ranked Albuquerque as the 28th most walkable of the fifty largest U.S. cities, indicating below average performance in metrics such as access to public transit and proximity to people or amenities. A follow-up study a decade later ranked the city 73rd out of 130 cities nationwide, with a walkability score of 42.6 compared to an average of 48, classifying it as "car-dependent".

Airports

Albuquerque International Sunport

Albuquerque is served primarily by the Albuquerque International Sunport, located 3 mi (4.8 km) southeast of the city's central business district. It is the largest airport in New Mexico, and the state's sole international airport, serving over 5 million passengers annually. The city owns and operates the much smaller Double Eagle II Airport, which is primarily used for air ambulances, corporate flights, military flights, charter flights, aviation training, and private flights.

Utilities

Energy

PNM Resources, New Mexico's largest electricity provider, is based in Albuquerque. They serve about 487,000 electricity customers statewide. In September 2021, PNM entered final merger talks with Avangrid, the U.S. subsidiary of Spanish power giant Iberdrola. New Mexico Gas Company, a subsidiary of Canadian utility company Emera, provides natural gas services to more than 540,000 customers in the state, including the Albuquerque metro area.

Sanitation

The Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority is responsible for the delivery of drinking water and the treatment of wastewater. Trash and recycling in the city are managed by the City of Albuquerque Solid Waste Management Department.

Further information: § Hydrology

South Side Water Reclamation Plant.

Healthcare

Albuquerque is the medical hub of New Mexico, hosting numerous medical centers. The University of New Mexico Hospital is the largest hospital in New Mexico with 628 licensed beds and is the primary teaching hospital for the University of New Mexico School of Medicine, the state's only medical school. It provides the state's only residency training programs, children's hospital, burn center, and level I pediatric and adult trauma centers, as well as a certified advanced primary stroke center and the largest collection of adult and pediatric specialty and subspecialty programs in the state. Albuquerque's other largest hospitals are Presbyterian Hospital (Presbyterian Healthcare Services) with 543 licensed beds, Raymond G. Murphy VA Medical Center (Veterans Health Administration) with 298 beds, and Lovelace Medical Center (Lovelace Health System) with 263 beds. Smaller specialty hospitals include the Heart Hospital of New Mexico and Lovelace Women's Hospital.

Notable people

Main article: List of people from Albuquerque, New Mexico

Sister cities

Albuquerque has 11 sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. Spanish also Alburquerque [alβuɾˈkeɾke] ; Navajo: Beeʼeldííl Dahsinil [peː˩ʔe˩ltiː˥l ta˩hsi˩ni˩l]; Eastern Keres: Arawageeki; Jemez: Vakêêke; Zuni: Alo:ke:k'ya; Jicarilla Apache: Gołgéeki'yé.
  2. Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
  3. Official records for Albuquerque kept December 1891 to January 22, 1933, at the Weather Bureau Office and at Albuquerque Int'l since January 23, 1933. For more information, see Threadex

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Further reading

See also: Bibliography of the history of Albuquerque, New Mexico
  • Ciotola, Nicholas P. "Italian immigrants in Albuquerque, 1880 to 1930: A study in Western distinctiveness." Journal of the West 43.4 (2004): 41–48.
  • Luckingham, Bradford. The urban southwest: a profile history of Albuquerque, El Paso, Phoenix, Tucson (Texas Western Press, 1982)
  • Simmons, Marc. Albuquerque: a narrative history (University of New Mexico Press, 1982)

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