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{{short description|American conspiracy theorist, film producer, author, and political lecturer}}
{{otherpeople|Edward Griffin}}
{{Infobox Person {{Infobox person
|name=G. Edward Griffin | name = G. Edward Griffin
|image=G. Edward Griffin.jpg | image = G. Edward Griffin.jpg
| alt =
|birth_date={{birthdate and age|1931|11|7}}
| caption =
|birth_place=], ], ]
| birth_name = George Edward Griffin
|nationality=]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1931|11|07}}
|known_for=] and books on controversial topics
| birth_place = ], ], U.S.
|education=] in speech and communications, ]
| death_date =
|occupation=documentary film producer, writer, lecturer
| death_place =
|website=http://www.realityzone.com/info.html
| other_names =
| known_for = Conspiracy theories
| education = ]<br />(])
| occupation = Author, filmmaker, lecturer
| spouse = Patricia Irving Griffin
}} }}
'''G. Edward Griffin''' (born November 7, 1931) is an ] ], author, and political lecturer.<ref name=mww/> Starting as a ], he became a radio station manager before age 20. After writing for the ], he began a career of producing documentaries and books on controversial topics like ], ], and the ], as well as on ] theories of the ], ], ], and ]. Since the 1970s, Griffin has promoted ] as a killer of cancer cells, a view accepted by few scientists.<ref name=wwc>{{cite web|author=Griffin, G. Edward|url=http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4312930190281243507|title=A World Without Cancer - The Story Of Vitamin B17|format=video|date=2006-04-07|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref><ref name=Milazzo/> He has also promoted the ] as hosting the original Noah's ark, though opposed by some ] and many scientists. He strongly opposes the Federal Reserve, charging it with being a banking ] and an instrument of war and ].<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas, Kenn|title=Popular Paranoia: A Steamshovel Press Anthology|publisher=Adventures Unlimited Press|year=2002|page=298|url=http://books.google.de/books?id=bkGrNwr04VkC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=federal+reserve+%22instrument+of+totalitarianism%22&source=web&ots=fk7RWN0-N0&sig=eS54qD-i4cXdTxEnOlhXq6NGQ5U&hl=de#PPA51,M1|isbn=1931882061}}</ref> In 2002, Griffin founded the ] network Freedom Force International.


'''George Edward Griffin''' (born November 7, 1931) is an American author, filmmaker, lecturer, and a ]. Griffin's writings promote a number of right-wing views and conspiracy theories regarding politics, defense and health care. In his book ''World Without Cancer'', he argued in favor of a ] that asserted ] to be a ] curable by consuming ].<ref name="mm" /><ref name="Lerner1984">{{Cite journal |last=Lerner IJ |date=February 1984 |title=The whys of cancer quackery |journal=Cancer |volume=53 |issue=3 Suppl |pages=815–9 |doi=10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3+<815::aid-cncr2820531334>3.0.co;2-u |pmid=6362828|s2cid=36332694 |doi-access=free }}</ref> He is the author of ''The Creature from Jekyll Island'' (1994),<ref name=mm /> which advances debunked ]<ref>{{Cite book |last=McLeod |first=Kembrew |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/895709009 |title=Pranksters : making mischief in the modern world |date=2014 |publisher=New York University Press |isbn=978-0-8147-6436-7 |location=New York |pages=181 |oclc=895709009}}</ref> about the ]. He is an ], supports the ], and supports the specific ] that ] was not the assassin.<ref name="mm">{{Cite news |last=Easter |first=Sean |date=March 26, 2011 |title=Who is G. Edward Griffin, Beck's Expert on The Federal Reserve? |work=] |url=http://mediamatters.org/research/2011/03/26/who-is-g-edward-griffin-becks-expert-on-the-fed/177986 |access-date=2015-03-10 |quote=On his Fox News show, Glenn Beck presented Griffin as an authority on the history of the Federal Reserve System. Griffin has a history of holding and promoting various conspiracy hypotheses that include notions that question the very existence of HIV/AIDS, as well as the view that the origin of cancer has to do with a specific dietary deficiency, and correspondingly, that cancer can be effectively cured with an 'essential food compound'.}}</ref> He also believes that the Biblical ] is located at the ] in Turkey.<ref name=Noah />
==Early life==
Griffin was born in ], ], on November 7, 1931, and became a ] on local radio in 1942. By 1947 he was emceeing at ] (]), and continued as announcer at ] and station manager at ] (]), 1950–1955. He earned his ] from the ] in ] in 1953, majoring in speech and communications.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagoresourceexpo.com/Default.aspx?tabid=170|title=Speaker Bio – G. Edward Griffin|publisher=Chicago Resource Expo|accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Griffin served in the ] from 1954 to 1956, reaching the rank of ].<ref name=mww>{{cite book|title=] 1994|publisher=]|year=1993|month=December|edition=48th}}</ref>


== Biography ==
==Political and economic advocacy==
=== Early life ===
By 1964, Griffin had completed his first book, ''The Fearful Master'', on the ], a controversial topic that recurred in many of his writings. When ] ran for ] in the ], winning five states for the ] ] ], Griffin served as a writer for Wallace's ] candidate, ],<ref name=mww/> a retired ]. In the next year, Griffin began producing political films for American Media of ]<ref name=mww/> (later moving to ] and ], ]), of which he is president.<ref name=paul/> While he describes his work as the output of "a plain vanilla researcher", Griffin also agrees with the '']'' characterizing him as "]".<ref name=DNLA>{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LA&p_theme=la&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EF66C410AA28A70&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|title=T.O.'s Griffin All Booked Up With Writing, Film Projects|work=]|date=1995-05-22|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref>
Griffin was born in ], ], on November 7, 1931, and became a ] ] on local radio from 1942 to 1947. He later ]d at ] (]), and continued as an assistant announcer at the public radio station ]. He earned his ] from the ] in ] in 1953, majoring in speech and communications. In 1954, he served in the ], and in 1956 was Honorably Discharged as a ].<ref name=mww />


Griffin worked as a writer for ], vice presidential running mate for ] during his ].<ref name="mww">{{Cite book |title=Who's Who in America 1994 |date=December 1993 |publisher=] |edition=48th}}</ref>
Griffin has been a longtime member and officer of the conservative ]<ref name=sayre>{{cite book|author=Sayre, Nora|title=Sixties Going on Seventies|publisher=]|year=1996|page=98|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=3YuMmqgA6hwC&pg=PA98&dq=%22G.+Edward+Griffin%22&lr=&sig=Ns2bARAJVOnuZT7R9YF9lw0uRlY|isbn=0813521939}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Aune, James Arnt|title=Selling the Free Market: The Rhetoric of Economic Correctness|publisher=Guilford Press|year=2001|pages=140-1|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=QdtqtoVvutkC&pg=PA140&dq=%22G.+Edward+Griffin%22&lr=&sig=b3D5Ykl9ODlrsTm1IAnaM-kKSLQ#PPA140,M1|isbn=1572307579}}</ref> and a contributing editor to its magazine, '']''.<ref name=spokane/> Since the 1960s, Griffin has spoken and written extensively on the Society's theory of history involving "communist and capitalist conspiracies" over banking systems, American foreign policy, the ], and the ].<ref name=sayre/><ref>{{cite journal|author=Stone, Barbara S.|year=1974|month=February|title=The John Birch Society: A Profile|journal=The Journal of Politics|volume=36|issue=1|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-3816%28197402%2936%3A1%3C184%3ATJBSAP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-1|month=February|year=1974|pages=184|doi=10.2307/2129115}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|;ast=Thompson|first=Chris|url=http://www.eastbayexpress.com/gyrobase/dirty_deeds/Content?oid=290792&page=2|title=Dirty Deeds: The Dorean Group promised hundreds of homeowners that their mortgages would go away. Guess what? They didn't|work=]|date=2006-04-05|accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> From 1962 to 1975, he completed nine books and seven film productions; his 1969 video lecture, ''More Deadly Than War: The Communist Revolution in America'', was printed in English and ]. In 1974, he published ''World Without Cancer'', and in 1975, he wrote a sympathetic biography of Society founder ], which was well received by members of the organization.<ref>{{cite book|author=Bourgoin, Suzanne Michele; Byers, Paula K.|title=Encyclopedia of World Biography|publisher=]|year=1998|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=XksYAAAAIAAJ&q=G.+Edward+Griffin&dq=G.+Edward+Griffin&pgis=1|isbn=0787625566}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.jbs.org/index.php/robert-welch|title=Remembering Robert Welch|author=Thornton, James|publisher=]|date=]|accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Six of his documentaries from the early period were rereleased in 2001 as ''Hidden Agenda: Real Conspiracies that Affect our Lives Today''.


===Publishing===
===''The Creature from Jekyll Island''===
Griffin wrote and produced a number of documentary-style videos covering controversial topics similar in theme to his books. His films covered a wide range of topics including ], ], the historical authenticity of ], the ], the ], ], ], ], ], ], and the ].
] and a bird of prey, as suggested by the ] on its cover.]]
Griffin enrolled in the College for Financial Planning in ], ],<ref name=tiger>{{cite web|url=http://www.tfnn.com/contributors.php|title=Tiger Financial News Network: Contributors|publisher=Tiger Financial News Network|accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> became a ] in 1989, and described the U.S. money system in his 1993 movie and 1994 book on the ], ''The Creature from Jekyll Island''.<ref name=mww/> This popular book<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2004/11/28/the_man_who_shaped_the_federal_reserve/|title=The man who shaped the Federal Reserve|work=]|author=Gavin, Robert|date=2004-11-28|accessdate=2008-03-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=USA Daily Staff|title=Paul Out to Slay The Creature from Jekyll Island|work=USA Daily|date=2007-08-22|url=http://www.usadaily.com/article.cfm?articleID=63368|accessdate=2008-03-02}}</ref> has been a business bestseller;<ref>{{cite news|title=Bestselling business books|work=]|date=2006-07-04|page=F5}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rockymountainnews.com/news/2007/apr/14/best-selling-business-books-april-14/|title=Best-selling business books, April 14|work=]|date=2007-04-14|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref> it has been reprinted in Japanese, 2005, and German, 2006. The book also influenced ] during the writing of a chapter on money and the Federal Reserve in Paul's '']'' number-one bestseller, '']'', which recommended Griffin's book on its "Reading List for a Free and Prosperous America".<ref>{{cite book|title=]|author=]|isbn=0446537519|date=2007-04-30|pages=169-70|publisher=]|location=], NY}}</ref>


Griffin created and ran a number of organizations that published a variety of print and audiovisual media, such as American Media<ref name=stuart>Stuart, Scott (Oct. 24, 1984). '']''. p. 6N-LC.</ref> and Reality Zone,<ref name=ballots>Staff writer (Aug. 4, 2005). '']''. p. 20.</ref> in ] and ].<ref name=stuart/>
The title is his depiction of a November 1910 meeting at ], of seven bankers and economic policymakers, who represented the financial elite of the western world.<ref name=io>{{cite news|url=http://www.santacruzhousing.net/observer/20030602.htm|work=Idaho Observer|title=Money? It's not what you think it is|date=June 2003|author=Heath, Hari|accessdate=2008-03-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-25877346_ITM|title=Feeding the God of War|work=]|date=2002-09-09|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref> The meeting was recounted by '']'' founder ] in 1916,<ref>{{cite news|title=Men Who Are Making America|author=]|work=]|date=1916-10-19|page=423|quote=I am giving to the world, for the first time, the real story of how the famous Aldrich currency report, the foundation of our new currency system, was written.}}</ref> and recalled by participant ] as "the actual conception of what eventually became the Federal Reserve System".<ref>{{cite news|title=From Farm Boy to Financier|author=]|work=]|date=1933-02-09|pages=25, 70}} Also {{cite book|title=From Farm Boy to Financier|author=]|location=]|publisher=]|year=1935|pages=210-219}} In {{cite news|author=Gurumurthy, S.|title=US Fed: an enigma wrapped in mystery|work=Business Line|date=2007-12-28|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2007/12/28/stories/2007122850110800.htm|accessdate=2008-09-02}}</ref> Griffin states that participant ] also describes the Jekyll Island meeting with the enigmatic words "this most interesting conference concerning which Senator Aldrich pledged all participants to secrecy".<ref>{{cite book|author=]|title=The Federal Reserve System: Its Origin and Growth|location=]|publisher=]|year=1930|volume=I|page=58}}</ref>


Many of Griffin's books and films were published by other organizations such as ]'s ] in ], and ] in ]. Griffin also produced printed works and films with ], publisher and ] ], and ] ] at the ], a private domestic intelligence agency active in the United States beginning in 1979.<ref name=MM>Staff writer (Jan. 2, 1989). ''Interhemispheric Resource Center/International Relations Center''. Archived from </ref>
Griffin's work stresses<ref>{{cite book|title=The Creature from Jekyll Island: A Second Look at the Federal Reserve|edition=1st|year=1994|publisher=American Opinion Publishing|isbn=0912986166|location=Appleton, WI|oclc=31354943|author=Griffin, G. Edward|pages=187-8|quote=If everyone paid back all that was borrowed, ''there would be no money left in existence.''}}</ref> the point which ] chair ] made in Congressional testimony in 1941: "If there were no debts in our money system, there wouldn't be any money."<ref name=io/> Griffin argued against the debt-based ] system on several grounds, stating that it devours individual prosperity through inflation and it is used to perpetuate war. He also described the framework by which central bankers have been observed to underwrite both sides of an ongoing war or revolution.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-30302599_ITM|title=Business vs. government: in his book The Big Ripoff, Timothy Carney blows away the deception that Big Business and the government are adversaries and that the government defends the average citizen|work=]|date=2007-01-22|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref> Griffin says that the ], the ] and the ] are working to destroy American sovereignty through a system of world military and financial control, and argues for ].<ref name=spokane>{{cite news|author=Steele, Karen Dorn; Morlin, Bill|title=Get-rich pitch 'bogus': Seven states have determined Global Prosperity is an illegal pyramid scheme|work=]|date=2000-09-02|url=http://www.kycnews.com/message_board_detail.asp?id=15001&page=1|accessdate=2008-03-05}}</ref>


===''The Creature from Jekyll Island''===
Edward Flaherty, an academic economist,<ref>{{cite web|author=ERS Group|title=Professional Staff|year=2005|url=http://cache.zoominfo.com/CachedPage/?archive_id=0&page_id=598519979&page_url=%2f%2fwww.ersgroup.com%2fstaff_displayBio.asp%3fBioID%3d21&page_last_updated=3%2f18%2f2007+6%3a32%3a14+PM|accessdate=2008-04-07}}</ref> described Griffin's description of the secret meeting on Jekyll Island as "conspiratorial", "amateurish", and "highly suspect".<ref>{{cite web|author=Flaherty, Edward|title=Debunking the Federal Reserve Conspiracy Theories|url=http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/flaherty/flaherty1.html|accessdate=2008-05-10}}</ref> Griffin's response was that Flaherty had wrongly grouped the book with other publications and had effectively labeled any criticism of the Federal Reserve as the result of a ].<ref>{{cite web|author=Griffin, G. Edward|title=Meet Edward Flaherty, Conspiracy Poo-Pooist|year=2004|url=http://www.freedomforceinternational.org/freedomcontent.cfm?fuseaction=meetflaherty&refpage=issues|accessdate=2008-04-07}}</ref>
] and a bird of prey.]]
Griffin presented his views on the U.S. money system and opposition to the ] in his 1993 movie and 1994 book, ''The Creature from Jekyll Island''.<ref name=mww />{{efn|The title refers to a 1910 meeting at ], of six bankers and economic ]s, which did occur.<ref name=beast/><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Ryssdal |first1=Kai |last2=Bodnar |first2=Bridget |date=October 20, 2015 |title=How a secret meeting on Jekyll Island led to the Fed |work=MarketPlace |url=https://www.marketplace.org/2015/10/20/economy/big-book/how-secret-meeting-jekyll-island-led-fed}}</ref>}} In it, he presents his argument that the ] system of the United States constitutes a banking ] and an instrument of war and ].<ref name=beast/><ref>{{Cite book |last=Thomas, Kenn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkGrNwr04VkC&q=federal+reserve+%22instrument+of+totalitarianism%22&pg=PA51 |title=Popular Paranoia: A Steamshovel Press Anthology |publisher=Adventures Unlimited Press |year=2002 |isbn=1-931882-06-1 |page=298}}</ref> The book was a business-topic bestseller,<ref name="<ref">{{Cite news |date=2006-07-04 |title=Bestselling business books |page=F5 |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2007-04-14 |title=Best-selling business books, April 14 |work=] |url=http://www.rockymountainnews.com/news/2007/apr/14/best-selling-business-books-april-14/ |url-status=dead |access-date=2008-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080927224424/http://www.rockymountainnews.com/news/2007/apr/14/best-selling-business-books-april-14/ |archive-date=2008-09-27 |quote=10. The Creature from Jekyll Island: A Second Look at the Federal Reserve: G. Edward Griffin. American Media. $24.50. ...}}</ref> and influenced ] when he wrote a chapter on money and the Federal Reserve in his '']'' bestseller, '']''.<ref>Paul listed Griffin's book on his "Reading List for a Free and Prosperous America". See: {{Cite book |last=Paul, Ron |title=The Revolution: A Manifesto |title-link=The Revolution: A Manifesto |date=2007-04-30 |publisher=] |isbn=978-0-446-53751-3 |location=], NY |pages= |author-link=Ron Paul}}</ref>


====Criticism====
Griffin's dreams of a free-market, private-money system superior to the Fed caused economist ] to deploy such a system in 1998. Griffin states that von NotHaus's private ], known as ]s, are "real money".<ref>{{cite news|title=Paper notes need 'real' backing|work=]|date=1999-11-11|author=Chevreau, Jonathan}}</ref>
], an academic economist writing for ], characterized Griffin's description of the secret meeting on Jekyll Island as "amateurish" and "highly suspect".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Flaherty, Edward |title=Debunking the Federal Reserve Conspiracy Theories: Myth #1: The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was crafted by Wall Street bankers and a few senators in a secret meeting. |url=http://www.publiceye.org/conspire/flaherty/flaherty1.html |access-date=2008-05-10 |publisher=] |location=] |quote=G. Edward Griffin lays out this conspiratorial version of history in his book The Creature from Jekyll Island. Mainstream-approved academics have viscerally criticized the very nature of his research as "highly suspect", his methods of research as "amateurish, and his controversial historical conclusions by referring to them as "utterly preposterous" however. ... ...}}</ref> ], the books editor for '']'' magazine, says the book has grains of truth but "reduce things too much to a certain narrative, where the mustache-twirlers are behind everything."<ref name="beast">{{Cite news |last=Suebsaeng |first=Asawin |date=26 November 2015 |title=The Story Behind 'The Creature From Jekyll Island,' the Anti-Fed Conspiracy Theory Bible |language=en |work=The Daily Beast |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-story-behind-the-creature-from-jekyll-island-the-anti-fed-conspiracy-theory-bible}}</ref> ] of ] and ] identifies the book as "the leading popular account of the conspiracists", noting that "while hit their target in noting the existence and significance of the Jekyll Island meeting, the 'creature' established bore little relationship, from a governance standpoint, to the Federal Reserve System." In his words, the book should be referenced "for entertainment but not information".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Conti-Brown |first=Peter |date=2015-03-02 |title=The Twelve Federal Reserve Banks: Governance and Accountability in the 21st Century |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2574309 |language=en |location=Rochester, NY |doi=10.2139/ssrn.2574309 |ssrn=2574309|s2cid=154661368 |journal=Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University Working Paper Series |publisher=SSRN}}</ref> In a movie review for '']'', Jeannette Catsoulis wrote that the book "has been debunked".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Catsoulis |first=Jeannette |date=2012-12-20 |title=Paranoia From Both Left and Right |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/21/movies/american-empire-claims-a-corporate-cartel-conspiracy.html |access-date=2020-08-20 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>


===Freedom advocacy=== ===Political advocacy===
{{Libertarianism US|intellectuals}}
In 2002, Griffin founded Freedom Force International, a ] ] network,<ref name=paul>{{cite web|url=http://people.ronpaul2008.com/endorsements/2007/12/24/g-edward-griffin/|title=G. Edward Griffin|publisher=]|date=2007-12-24|accessdate=2008-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5232639329002339531|title=Fiat Empire: Why the Federal Reserve Violates the U.S. Constitution|publisher=Matrixx Productions|date=2006-12-05|accessdate=2008-03-31}}</ref> whose members value individual freedom above government power. The organization's position that the exclusive role of government is to protect people's rights and property, not to provide services like welfare, reflects Griffin's view that ] and freedom "are mortal enemies." One of the organization's stated goals is to elect people with such views to government offices and onto the boards of nonprofit organizations—true to its motto, "Don't fight city hall when you can BE city hall."<ref>{{cite news|author=Helgeson, Baird|title=Freedom Force Stunned By Courthouse Violence|publisher]|date=2008-05-08|url=http://www2.tbo.com/content/2008/may/08/freedom-force-stunned-courthouse-violence|accessdate=2008-05-10}}</ref>
In 1964, Griffin wrote his first book, ''The Fearful Master'', on the ], a topic that recurs throughout his writings. While he describes his work as the output of "a plain vanilla researcher," Griffin also agrees with the '']''{{'}}s characterization of him as "]".<ref name="DNLA">{{Cite news |last=Giraud |first=Victoria |date=May 22, 1995 |title=T.O.'s Griffin All Booked Up With Writing, Film Projects |work=] |quote=G. Edward Griffin, author and documentary film producer, calls himself 'a plain vanilla researcher and writer.' But the projects he has completed don't deal with 'vanilla' subjects. They concern the Federal Reserve, the Supreme Court, cancer and even Noah's ark. Perhaps a better description of Griffin is one he also admits to - 'Crusader Rabbit.' ...}}</ref>


Griffin has been a member and officer of the ] (JBS) for much of his life<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aune, James Arnt |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QdtqtoVvutkC&q=%22G.+Edward+Griffin%22&pg=PA140 |title=Selling the Free Market: The Rhetoric of Economic Correctness |publisher=Guilford Press |year=2001 |isbn=1-57230-757-9 |pages=140–1}}</ref> and a ] to its magazine, '']''.<ref name="spokane">{{Cite news |last1=Steele, Karen Dorn |last2=Morlin, Bill |date=2000-09-02 |title=Get-rich pitch 'bogus': Seven states have determined Global Prosperity is an illegal pyramid scheme |work=] |quote=''At age 65, 90 percent of Americans are broke,'' author G. Edward Griffin writes. He's a contributing editor of The New American Magazine, published by the John Birch Society. The United Nations, the Council on Foreign Relations and the World Bank are plotting a system of world military and financial control to destroy American sovereignty, he writes. The book warns about the dangers of the New World Order and preaches that the United States should get out of the United Nations....There's little that's accurate in Griffin's book, says journalist Marchant.}}</ref> Since the 1960s, Griffin has spoken and written about the Society's theory of history involving "communist and capitalist conspiracies" over ]s (including the Federal Reserve System), international banking, ], the U.S. ], the American news and entertainment media as propaganda, the Supreme Court of the United States, and the United Nations.<ref name="sayre">{{Cite book |last=Sayre, Nora |url=https://archive.org/details/sixtiesgoingonse0000sayr_j2c3 |title=Sixties Going on Seventies |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=1996 |isbn=0-8135-2193-9 |page= |quote=In a wonderful lecture by G. Edward Griffin, slides and diagrams of triangles and arrows and circles show how the Conspiracy learned its techniques from the 18th Century Freemasons of Europe. ... |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stone, Barbara S. |date=February 1974 |title=The John Birch Society: A Profile |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=184–197 |doi=10.2307/2129115 |jstor=2129115 |s2cid=153530664}}</ref> From 1962 to 1975, he completed nine books and seven film productions; Griffin's 1969 video lecture, ''More Deadly Than War: The Communist Revolution in America'', was printed in English and ]. In 1974, he published ''World Without Cancer'', and in 1975, he wrote a sympathetic biography of ] founder ].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bourgoin, Suzanne Michele |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XksYAAAAIAAJ&q=G.+Edward+Griffin |title=Encyclopedia of World Biography |last2=Byers, Paula K. |publisher=] |year=1998 |isbn=0-7876-2556-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Thornton, James |date=1993-12-13 |title=Remembering Robert Welch |publisher=] |url=http://www.jbs.org/index.php/robert-welch |url-status=dead |access-date=2008-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081127073140/http://www.jbs.org/index.php/robert-welch |archive-date=2008-11-27 |quote=We invite you to learn more about him by reading The Life and Words of Robert Welch by G. Edward Griffin. ...}}</ref>
In 2006, Griffin was interviewed for the controversial anti-Fed ] '']''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/1455586/Edward-Griffin/filmography|title=Edward Griffin: Filmography|work=]|year=2006|accessdate=2008-03-05|publisher=Baseline StudioSystems, All Media Guide}}</ref> He endorsed ] for ] in the 2008 election.<ref name=paul/>


In May 2009, Griffin helped ] and Edwin Vieira organize a meeting at ] of thirty people which, according to the ], included ], ], ], anti-Obama '],' ], conspiracy-minded individuals with theories about ], and even an ] named ].<ref name="SPLC">{{Cite news |last=Heidi Beirich |title=Midwifing the Militias: Jekyll Island Gathering Recalls Another |publisher=] |issue=Spring 2010, Issue 137 |url=http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2010/spring/midwifing-the-militias |access-date=2015-03-11 |quote=G. Edward Griffin, who helped organize the Jekyll Island gathering, may have been more revealing. Griffin, who wrote a scathing 1994 attack on the Fed published by the anti-communist John Birch Society and also a sympathetic biography of the group's founder, was the first to speak at the meeting.}}</ref> Speakers at the meeting "warned of 'increasing national instability,' worried about a coming ']', denounced schemes to ], and attacked the new president's 'socialized' policies and failure to end illegal immigration", and attendees made plans for a "continental congress" that occurred in November 2009 that was hosted by the ].<ref name=SPLC /> Griffin was the first to speak at the Jekyll Island meeting and he "told conferees that merely putting 'large numbers of people in the street' was not enough. 'We must,' he said, 'achieve power.'"<ref name=SPLC />
==Health advocacy==
After San Francisco physician John Richardson described to Griffin his experience with Vitamin B<sub>17</sub> (]), Griffin investigated the subject.<ref name=natural>{{cite news|url=http://www.naturalnews.com/012923.html|title=World Without Cancer author G. Edward Griffin exposes how corrupt politics prevent real cancer cures from reaching the public|work=Natural News|author=Black, Alexis|date=2005-11-03|accessdate=2008-08-23}}</ref> As a result in 1974, Griffin wrote the controversial book ''World Without Cancer'',<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB953678292240796576.html?mod=googlewsj|title=Laetrile Makes a Comeback Selling to Patients Online|work=]|author=Lagnado, Lucette|date=2000-03-22|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref><ref name=mdn>{{cite news|url=http://www.newspaperarchive.com/LandingPage.aspx?type=glpnews&img=\\na0023\6799503\57073949.html|title=Controversial Cancer Drug Laetrile Enters Political Realms|work=Middlesboro Daily News|date=1977-08-10|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref> and released it as a documentary video; its second edition appeared in 1997, and it was translated into Afrikaans, 1988, and German, 2005. It proposed that cancer is a metabolic disease facilitated by the lack of Laetrile (called "Vitamin B<sub>17</sub>" by its American ]), a view which has not been accepted by the majority of the scientific community. Because the theory had been labeled "]" by the ], as well as the ] and the ], Griffin charged those groups with a "hidden economic and power agenda".<ref name=wwc/><ref name=gfh>{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=GF&s_site=grandforks&p_multi=GF&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FC4A32DE2007AA5&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|title=New Library Books|publisher=]|work=Books|page=4|date=2003-07-13|accessdate=2008-02-29}}</ref>


Griffin founded the Freedom Force International, host of an annual convention called "Red Pill Expo", beginning with the first event in ] in 2017. According to Rachel Carroll Rivas, co-director of the Montana Human Rights Network, this event was "an ']' recruiting attempt."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Monares |first=Freddy |date=June 24, 2017 |title=Activists: Convention in Bozeman is 'alt-right' recruitment effort |language=en |work=] |url=https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/activists-convention-in-bozeman-is-alt-right-recruitment-effort/article_ce7529e7-6028-55b4-bd9b-79dc97c229a6.html |url-status=live |archive-date=July 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703005226/https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/activists-convention-in-bozeman-is-alt-right-recruitment-effort/article_ce7529e7-6028-55b4-bd9b-79dc97c229a6.html}}</ref> Later he founded an organization titled Red Pilled University, which claimed to offer various courses and mentorship related to his popular conspiracy theories. <ref name="CBC">{{cite web |last1=Barrera |first1=Jorge |title=Chaos Agent |url=https://www.cbc.ca/newsinteractives/features/yuri-bezmenov-soviet-defector-canada |website=CBC Canada. |access-date=16 April 2023}}</ref>
His book stated that ] profited significantly by donating large sums of money to faltering medical schools on the condition it be used for drug-related research, rather than nutrition research.<ref name=natural/> Griffin further held that a grouping of financial, political, and industrial interests at "the very top of the world's economic and political power pyramid" have "created a popular climate of bias that makes scientific objectivity almost an impossibility" and have significant influence over the medical profession, medical schools, and medical journals.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=bw63_lxnPtwC&pg=PA94|title=From Darkness to Light|author=Kenadjian, Berdj, Ph.D.|page=94|year=2006|others=Zakarian, Martin, illus.|edition=2d|publisher=Phenix & Phenix Literary Publicists|isbn=9781933538242|accessdate=2009-03-17}}</ref> A critical review in the '']'' called this view a "conspiracy" theory and assessed: "Although the book is an emotional plea for the unrestricted use of the Laetrile as an anti-tumor agent, the scientific evidence to justify such a policy does not appear within it."<ref>{{cite journal|author=Landau, Emanuel, Ph.D.|title=''World without Cancer; the Story of Vitamin B<sub>17</sub>''|journal=]|volume=66|issue=7|pages=696|month=July|year=1976|url=http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/66/7/696-a.pdf|format=PDF|issn=0090-0036|accessdate=2008-03-05}}</ref>


==Conspiracy theories and fringe science==
Griffin's websites refer visitors to doctors, clinics, and hospitals with alternative cancer treatments,<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Cure Research Foundation|url=http://www.cancure.org/directory_clinics.htm|title=List of Clinics in the United States Offering Alternative Therapies|date=2003-08-15|accessdate=2008-03-05}}</ref> including sellers of laetrile,<ref name=wsj/> a product of ] seeds.<ref name=wwub>{{cite news|url=http://www.newspaperarchive.com/LandingPage.aspx?type=glpnews&img=\\na0020\2569675\14249347.html|title=Cure or fraud?|work=]|date=1976-10-11|accessdate=2008-02-29|author=Jones, Marianna}}</ref> He does not sell laetrile directly.<ref name=wsj/>
===Cancer and laetrile===
In 1973, Griffin wrote and ] the book ''World Without Cancer'' and released it as a video;<ref name="wsj">{{Cite news |last=Lagnado, Lucette |date=2000-03-22 |title=Laetrile Makes a Comeback Selling to Patients Online |work=] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB953678292240796576?mod=googlewsj |access-date=2008-02-29}}</ref><ref name="mdn">{{Cite news |date=1977-08-10 |title=Controversial Cancer Drug Laetrile Enters Political Realms |work=Middlesboro Daily News |url=http://www.newspaperarchive.com/LandingPage.aspx?type=glpnews&img=\\na0023\6799503\57073949.html |access-date=2008-02-29}}</ref> its second edition appeared in 1997. In the book and the video, Griffin asserts that cancer is a ] like a ] facilitated by the insufficient dietary consumption of amygdalin. He contends that "eliminating cancer through a nondrug therapy has not been accepted because of the hidden economic and power agendas of those who dominate the medical establishment"<ref name="gfh">{{Cite news |date=2003-07-13 |title=New Library Books |page=4 |work=Books |publisher=] |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=GF&s_site=grandforks&p_multi=GF&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FC4A32DE2007AA5&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |access-date=2008-02-29}}</ref> and he wrote, "at the very top of the world's economic and political pyramid of power there is a grouping of financial, political, and industrial interests that, by the very nature of their goals, are the natural enemies of the nutritional approaches to health."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kenadjian, Berdj |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bw63_lxnPtwC&pg=PA94 |title=From Darkness to Light |publisher=Phenix & Phenix Literary Publicists |others=Zakarian, Martin, illus. |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-933538-24-2 |edition=2d |page=94 |access-date=2009-03-17}}</ref>


Since the 1970s, the use of ] (a semi-synthetic version of amygdalin) to treat cancer has been identified in the scientific literature as a canonical example of ] and has never been shown to be effective in the treatment or prevention of cancer.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Milazzo |first1=Stefania |last2=Horneber |first2=Markus |date=2015-04-28 |title=Laetrile treatment for cancer |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2018 |issue=4 |pages=CD005476 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005476.pub4 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=6513327 |pmid=25918920}}</ref><ref name="ajcn">{{Cite journal |last=Herbert V |date=May 1979 |title=Laetrile: the cult of cyanide. Promoting poison for profit |journal=Am. J. Clin. Nutr. |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=1121–58 |doi=10.1093/ajcn/32.5.1121 |pmid=219680|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nightingale SL |year=1984 |title=Laetrile: the regulatory challenge of an unproven remedy |journal=Public Health Rep |volume=99 |issue=4 |pages=333–8 |pmc=1424606 |pmid=6431478}}</ref> Emanuel Landau, then a Project Director for the ], wrote a book review for the '']'', which noted that Griffin "accepts the 'conspiracy' theory&nbsp;... that policy-makers in the medical, pharmaceutical, research and fund-raising organizations deliberately or unconsciously strive not to prevent or cure cancer in order to perpetuate their functions". Landau concludes that although ''World Without Cancer'' "is an emotional plea for the unrestricted use of the Laetrile as an anti-tumor agent, the scientific evidence to justify such a policy does not appear within it."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Landau, Emanuel |date=July 1976 |title=''World without Cancer; the Story of Vitamin B<sub>17</sub>'' |journal=] |volume=66 |issue=7 |pages=696 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.66.7.696-a |issn=0090-0036 |pmc=1653400 |quote=The author maintains that the missing food nutrient is part of the nitriloside family which is found particularly in the seeds of the fruit family containing bitter almond&nbsp;...}}</ref>
Griffin's productions referenced the work of biochemist Dr. Dean Burk, head and chief chemist of the ] Section of the ], who served for over 30&nbsp;years. Funded by the McNaughton Foundation, Burk described his experiments to Griffin as showing that Laetrile and ] set "the cancer cells dying off like flies."<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.cancertutor.com/ChemoSpill/dbdcomplete.htm|title=World Without Cancer|author=Griffin, G. Edward|year=1974|accessdate=2008-02-29|quote='When we add laetrile to a cancer culture under the microscope,' said Burk, 'providing the enzyme glucosidase also is present, we can see the cancer cells dying off like flies.'}}</ref> A systematic review of 36 reports containing laetrile intervention data found no controlled clinical trials, no reliable evidence for the effectiveness of laetrile, and considerable doubt about its safety.<ref name=Milazzo>{{cite journal|author=Milazzo, Stefania; Lejeune, Stephane; Ernst, Edzard|title=Laetrile for cancer: a systematic review of the clinical evidence|journal=Supportive Care in Cancer|volume=15|issue=6|pages=583–95|month=June|year=2007|pmid=17106659|doi=10.1007/s00520-006-0168-9}}</ref>


===AIDS and chemtrails===
Griffin is the founder and president of the Cancer Cure Foundation (now the Cure Research Foundation).<ref name=tiger/>
In 2010, Griffin engaged in ], claiming that ] (HIV) "doesn't exist" and that ] medications (rather than HIV) cause ] (AIDS).<ref name=mm />


In a 2012 video titled "What in the World Are They Spraying?", Griffin asserts that airplanes leave a permanent grid of ] hanging over cities like Los Angeles.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 28, 2012 |title=Chemtrails – Conspiracy Theory? |url=https://australianscience.com.au/chemistry-2/chemtrails-conspiracy-theory/ |access-date=2015-03-11 |website=AustralianScience.com.au |last=Burnes |first=Kelly |quote=The filmmakers bring in advocate and conspiracist G. Edward Griffin to join this chemtrail crusade. He talks about how chemtrails don't dissipate; that a permanent grid hangs over cities like Los Angeles.}}</ref>
==Noah's ark==
In 1992, Griffin wrote and narrated the documentary ''The Discovery of Noah's Ark'', based on ] officer ]'s 1988 book, ''The Ark of Noah''.<ref name=Noah>{{cite web|title=The Discovery of Noah's Ark|publisher=Reality Zone|url=http://www.realityzone.com/disofnoahark.html|accessdate=2008-03-06}}</ref> Griffin's film said that the original ] continued to exist in fossil form at the ], about {{convert|17|mi|km}} from ] in ], based on photographic, radar, and metal detector evidence. Griffin also noted that towns in the area had names that related to the ] of the flood. He presented a theory that the flood might have been the action of huge tides caused by a gravitational interaction between Earth and a large celestial body coming close to it.<ref name=DNLA/>


===Noah's Ark search===
''Popular Mechanics'' reported Fasold describing his research as "radar imagery ... so clear that Fasold could count the floorboards between the walls";<ref>{{cite news|title=Science Solves Ancient Mysteries of the Bible|work=]|date=December 1996|page=40|author=Fillon, Mike|url=http://mypage.direct.ca/g/gcramer/ark.html}}</ref> Griffin has continued to promote this view, as did Fasold's co-researcher ] and Wyatt Archeological Research.<ref>{{cite book|title=Discovered: Noah's Ark|author=]|city=Nashville, TN|publisher=World Bible Society|year=1989|pages=7-8, 12}}</ref> ]s Andrew Snelling and ] prefer a near-Ararat site; Snelling supports ] Tom Fenner's view that "a great deal of effort was put into repeating the radar measurements acquired in 1986 by Wyatt and Fasold .... After numerous attempts over a period of one and a half days were unable to duplicate their radar records in any way."<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v14/i4/report.asp|title=Special report: Amazing 'Ark' exposé|author=Snelling, Andrew|journal=Creation Ex Nihilo|volume=14|issue=4|pages=30|month=September|year=1992}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v12/i4/noah.asp|title=That boat-shaped rock ... is it Noah’s Ark?|author=]|journal=Creation Ex Nihilo|volume=12|issue=4|pages=18|month=September|year=1990}}</ref> Fasold himself revisited the site evidence with geologists ] and Lorence Collins and came to doubt his initial beliefs, saying, "I believe this may be the oldest running hoax in history. I think we have found what the ancients said was the Ark, but this structure is not Noah's Ark."<ref>{{cite journal|author=Collins, Lorence D.; ]|title=Bogus 'Noah's Ark' from Turkey Exposed as a Common Geologic Structure|journal=Journal of Geoscience Education|year=1996|volume=44|issue=4|pages=439–444|url=http://www.csun.edu/~vcgeo005/bogus.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Pockley, Peter|title=Theory blown out of the water|work=Australian Sun-Herald|date=1994-11-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Clifton, Brad|title=Doubts sank faith in Ark|work=]|date=1997-04-09}}</ref>
In 1992, Griffin wrote and narrated ''The Discovery of Noah's Ark'', based on ]'s 1988 book, ''The Ark of Noah''.<ref name="Noah">{{Cite web |title=The Discovery of Noah's Ark |url=http://www.realityzone.com/disofnoahark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317011506/http://www.realityzone.com/disofnoahark.html |archive-date=2008-03-17 |access-date=2008-03-06 |publisher=Reality Zone |quote=This program was written and narrated by G. Edward Griffin.}}</ref> Griffin's film said that the original Noah's Ark continued to exist in fossil form at the Durupınar site, about {{convert|17|mi|km}} from ] in Turkey, based on photographic, radar, and ] evidence. Griffin also said that towns in the area had names that resembled terms from the ] of the ]. He endorsed the historicity of the Biblical account of the flood, and speculated that the flood was the byproduct of massive tides caused by a ]al interaction between Earth and a large ] coming close to it.<ref name=DNLA />


==Bibliography== ==Notes==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=The Fearful Master: A Second Look at the United Nations|year=1964|publisher=Western Islands Publishers|location=Boston, MA|isbn=0882791028|oclc=414277}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=The Grand Design: A Lecture on U.S. Foreign Policy|year=1968|publisher=Grand Design|location=Thousand Oaks, CA|oclc=6207421}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=The Great Prison Break: The Supreme Court Leads the Way|year=1968|publisher=Western Islands Publishers|location=Boston, MA|oclc=220369}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=A Memorandum on Supreme Court Decisions: Summaries of Key Decisions of the United States Supreme Court as Related to the Impeachment of the Chief Justice|year=1968|location=Belmont, MA|oclc=432181}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=More Deadly Than War: The Communist Revolution in America|publisher=American Media|format=transcript|year=1969}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=This is the John Birch Society: An Invitation to Membership|year=1970|publisher=American Media|oclc=83825|location=Thousand Oaks, CA|edition=1st ed., 1972, 1981 Western Islands}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=The Capitalist Conspiracy: An Inside View of International Banking|format=transcript|year=1971|publisher=American Media|oclc=3263688|location=Thousand Oaks, CA|edition=1st ed., 1982 Huntington Beach Patriots}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=World Without Cancer: The Story of Vitamin B<sub>17</sub>|year=1974|publisher=American Media|isbn=0912986093|edition=1st ed., reprinted 1976, 1977, 1997, reprinted 2001, 2006}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=The Life and Words of Robert Welch, Founder of the John Birch Society|others=E. Merrill Root (introduction)|year=1975|publisher=American Media|isbn=9780912986074|oclc=1530499|location=Thousand Oaks, CA}}
*{{cite book|author=Wilcox Collection of Contemporary Political Movements, ed.|title=Ephemeral Materials, 1976-1986|format=archival material|publisher=Americans for Medical Freedom|location=Westlake Village, CA|oclc=18761098|year=1986}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=The Creature from Jekyll Island: A Second Look at the Federal Reserve|edition=1st ed., 1995, 1998 American Media, 2002, now in 6th|year=1994|publisher=American Opinion Publishing|isbn=0912986166|location=Appleton, WI|oclc=31354943}}
*{{cite book|author=&nbsp;|title=Private Papers Pertaining to Laetrile|year=1997|publisher=American Media|isbn=9780912986203|oclc=61633861|location=Westlake Village, CA}}


==Filmography== ==Bibliography==
*''The Creature from Jekyll Island'', 1994
*{{cite video|title=The Grand Design: A Lecture on U.S. Foreign Policy|year=1968}}
*{{cite video|title=More Deadly Than War: The Communist Revolution in America|publisher=American Media|oclc=5549058|format=Lecture recorded on April 3, 1969|year=1969}}
*{{cite video|title=World Without Cancer: The Story of Vitamin B<sub>17</sub>|oclc=5604983|year=1974|medium=Visual material|publisher=American Media}}
*{{cite video|title=Soviet Subversion of the Free Press: A Conversation with ]|people=Bezmenov, Yuri; Griffin, G. Edward|medium=Videotape|publisher=American Media|location=Westlake Village, CA|year=1984|oclc=45810551}}
*{{cite video|year=1985|title=The Red Reality in Central America|people=Griffin, G. Edward; Solis, Willy|publisher=American Media|medium=Videotape|oclc=37023488|location=Westlake Village, CA}}
*{{cite video|title=The Discovery of Noah's Ark: The Whole Story|publisher=American Media|medium=Videotape|location=Westlake Village, CA|year=1992|oclc=29511807}}
*{{cite video|title=The Creature from Jekyll Island: A Second Look at the Federal Reserve|people=Griffin, G. Edward; Shurtleff, Howard|publisher=]|medium=Videotape|year=1994|oclc=36245861}}
*{{cite video|year=2001|title=Hidden Agenda: Real Conspiracies that Affect our Lives Today|format=6 volumes|publisher=Knowledge 20/20|location=Venice, CA|oclc=49289908}}
**{{cite video|title=The Capitalist Conspiracy: An Inside View of International Banking|people=Vol. 1|medium=Documentary|oclc=5558340|year=1972|publisher=American Media}}
**{{cite video|title=The Subversion Factor: A History of Treason in Modern America (Part 1: Moles in High Places, Part 2: Open Gates of Troy)|people=Vol. 2|location=Westlake Village, CA|publisher=American Media|year=1983|medium=Videotape|oclc=36968013}}
**{{cite video|year=1968|title=The Truth About Communism: Only the Brave are Free|people=Vol. 3|medium=Videotape}}
**{{cite video|title=Anarchy U.S.A.: In the Name of Civil Rights|people=Vol. 4|year=1966|medium=DVD, Documentary|publisher=John Birch Society}}
**{{cite video|year=1962|title=Katanga: The Untold Story|people=Vol. 5|medium=Videotape}}
**{{cite video|title=No Place to Hide: The Strategy and Tactics of Terrorism|people=Vol. 6. ]|location=Charlotte, NC|publisher=]|medium=Videotape|location=Alexandria, VA|year=1982|oclc=10744020}} Also{{citation|oclc=19993388}}.
*{{cite video|title=The Discovery of Noah's Ark: The Whole Story|publisher=Knowledge 20/20|people=UFO-TV (distributor)|medium=DVD|location=Venice, CA|year=2004|oclc=59007573}}
*{{cite video|year=2004|title=Invisible Ballots: A Temptation for Electronic Vote Fraud|medium=Videotape, DVD|people=Griffin, Edward G. (executive producer); Dill, David; Gazecki, William; Harris, Bev; Mercuri, Rebecca; Rubin, Aviel D|publisher=American Media and Reality Zone|location=Westlake Village, CA|isbn=9780912986432|oclc=65199460}} Also{{citation|oclc=56844390}}.
*{{cite video|year=2007|title=Fiat Empire: Why the Federal Reserve Violates the U.S. Constitution|people=Jaeger, James; Baehr, Theodore; Griffin, G. Edward; Paul, Ron; Vieira, Edwin|publisher=Cornerstone-Matrixx Entertainment|medium=DVD|location=Beverly Hills, CA|oclc=192133806}}


==References== ==References==

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{{Reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
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* {{IMDb name|2638111|G. Edward Griffin}}
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*{{imdb name|2638111|G. Edward Griffin}}
* (Interview, Nov. 5, 2009) at {{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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American conspiracy theorist, film producer, author, and political lecturer
G. Edward Griffin
BornGeorge Edward Griffin
(1931-11-07) November 7, 1931 (age 93)
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
EducationUniversity of Michigan
(BA)
Occupation(s)Author, filmmaker, lecturer
Known forConspiracy theories
SpousePatricia Irving Griffin

George Edward Griffin (born November 7, 1931) is an American author, filmmaker, lecturer, and a conspiracy theorist. Griffin's writings promote a number of right-wing views and conspiracy theories regarding politics, defense and health care. In his book World Without Cancer, he argued in favor of a pseudo-scientific theory that asserted cancer to be a nutritional deficiency curable by consuming amygdalin. He is the author of The Creature from Jekyll Island (1994), which advances debunked conspiracy theories about the Federal Reserve System. He is an HIV/AIDS denialist, supports the 9/11 Truth movement, and supports the specific John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theory that Oswald was not the assassin. He also believes that the Biblical Noah's Ark is located at the Durupınar site in Turkey.

Biography

Early life

Griffin was born in Detroit, Michigan, on November 7, 1931, and became a child voice actor on local radio from 1942 to 1947. He later emceed at WJR (CBS), and continued as an assistant announcer at the public radio station WUOM. He earned his bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in 1953, majoring in speech and communications. In 1954, he served in the United States Army, and in 1956 was Honorably Discharged as a Sergeant.

Griffin worked as a writer for Curtis LeMay, vice presidential running mate for George Wallace during his 1968 United States Presidential campaign.

Publishing

Griffin wrote and produced a number of documentary-style videos covering controversial topics similar in theme to his books. His films covered a wide range of topics including communism, espionage, the historical authenticity of Noah's Ark, the Federal Reserve System, the Supreme Court of the United States, terrorism, subversion, foreign policy, electronic voting fraud, cancer, and the chemtrail conspiracy theory.

Griffin created and ran a number of organizations that published a variety of print and audiovisual media, such as American Media and Reality Zone, in Thousand Oaks and Westlake Village, California.

Many of Griffin's books and films were published by other organizations such as Robert Welch's American Opinion in Belmont, Massachusetts, and Western Islands in Boston. Griffin also produced printed works and films with Major General John K. Singlaub, publisher and national security journalist John H. Rees, and U.S. Congressman Larry McDonald at the Western Goals Foundation, a private domestic intelligence agency active in the United States beginning in 1979.

The Creature from Jekyll Island

Griffin's 1994 book, The Creature from Jekyll Island, draws parallels between the Federal Reserve and a bird of prey.

Griffin presented his views on the U.S. money system and opposition to the Federal Reserve system in his 1993 movie and 1994 book, The Creature from Jekyll Island. In it, he presents his argument that the central banking system of the United States constitutes a banking cartel and an instrument of war and totalitarianism. The book was a business-topic bestseller, and influenced Ron Paul when he wrote a chapter on money and the Federal Reserve in his New York Times bestseller, The Revolution: A Manifesto.

Criticism

Edward Flaherty, an academic economist writing for Political Research Associates, characterized Griffin's description of the secret meeting on Jekyll Island as "amateurish" and "highly suspect". Jesse Walker, the books editor for Reason magazine, says the book has grains of truth but "reduce things too much to a certain narrative, where the mustache-twirlers are behind everything." Peter Conti-Brown of The Wharton School and The Brookings Institution identifies the book as "the leading popular account of the conspiracists", noting that "while hit their target in noting the existence and significance of the Jekyll Island meeting, the 'creature' established bore little relationship, from a governance standpoint, to the Federal Reserve System." In his words, the book should be referenced "for entertainment but not information". In a movie review for The New York Times, Jeannette Catsoulis wrote that the book "has been debunked".

Political advocacy

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In 1964, Griffin wrote his first book, The Fearful Master, on the United Nations, a topic that recurs throughout his writings. While he describes his work as the output of "a plain vanilla researcher," Griffin also agrees with the Los Angeles Daily News's characterization of him as "Crusader Rabbit".

Griffin has been a member and officer of the John Birch Society (JBS) for much of his life and a contributing editor to its magazine, The New American. Since the 1960s, Griffin has spoken and written about the Society's theory of history involving "communist and capitalist conspiracies" over banking systems (including the Federal Reserve System), international banking, United States foreign policy, the U.S. military–industrial complex, the American news and entertainment media as propaganda, the Supreme Court of the United States, and the United Nations. From 1962 to 1975, he completed nine books and seven film productions; Griffin's 1969 video lecture, More Deadly Than War: The Communist Revolution in America, was printed in English and Dutch. In 1974, he published World Without Cancer, and in 1975, he wrote a sympathetic biography of JBS founder Robert W. Welch.

In May 2009, Griffin helped Robert L. Schulz and Edwin Vieira organize a meeting at Jekyll Island of thirty people which, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center, included tax protesters, militiamen, nativists, anti-Obama 'birthers,' libertarians, conspiracy-minded individuals with theories about FEMA death camps, and even an anti-Semite named Edgar Steele. Speakers at the meeting "warned of 'increasing national instability,' worried about a coming 'New World Order', denounced schemes to merge Canada, Mexico and the United States, and attacked the new president's 'socialized' policies and failure to end illegal immigration", and attendees made plans for a "continental congress" that occurred in November 2009 that was hosted by the We the People Foundation. Griffin was the first to speak at the Jekyll Island meeting and he "told conferees that merely putting 'large numbers of people in the street' was not enough. 'We must,' he said, 'achieve power.'"

Griffin founded the Freedom Force International, host of an annual convention called "Red Pill Expo", beginning with the first event in Bozeman, Montana in 2017. According to Rachel Carroll Rivas, co-director of the Montana Human Rights Network, this event was "an 'alt-right' recruiting attempt." Later he founded an organization titled Red Pilled University, which claimed to offer various courses and mentorship related to his popular conspiracy theories.

Conspiracy theories and fringe science

Cancer and laetrile

In 1973, Griffin wrote and self-published the book World Without Cancer and released it as a video; its second edition appeared in 1997. In the book and the video, Griffin asserts that cancer is a metabolic disease like a vitamin deficiency facilitated by the insufficient dietary consumption of amygdalin. He contends that "eliminating cancer through a nondrug therapy has not been accepted because of the hidden economic and power agendas of those who dominate the medical establishment" and he wrote, "at the very top of the world's economic and political pyramid of power there is a grouping of financial, political, and industrial interests that, by the very nature of their goals, are the natural enemies of the nutritional approaches to health."

Since the 1970s, the use of laetrile (a semi-synthetic version of amygdalin) to treat cancer has been identified in the scientific literature as a canonical example of quackery and has never been shown to be effective in the treatment or prevention of cancer. Emanuel Landau, then a Project Director for the APHA, wrote a book review for the American Journal of Public Health, which noted that Griffin "accepts the 'conspiracy' theory ... that policy-makers in the medical, pharmaceutical, research and fund-raising organizations deliberately or unconsciously strive not to prevent or cure cancer in order to perpetuate their functions". Landau concludes that although World Without Cancer "is an emotional plea for the unrestricted use of the Laetrile as an anti-tumor agent, the scientific evidence to justify such a policy does not appear within it."

AIDS and chemtrails

In 2010, Griffin engaged in HIV/AIDS denialism, claiming that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) "doesn't exist" and that antiretroviral medications (rather than HIV) cause acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

In a 2012 video titled "What in the World Are They Spraying?", Griffin asserts that airplanes leave a permanent grid of chemtrails hanging over cities like Los Angeles.

Noah's Ark search

In 1992, Griffin wrote and narrated The Discovery of Noah's Ark, based on David Fasold's 1988 book, The Ark of Noah. Griffin's film said that the original Noah's Ark continued to exist in fossil form at the Durupınar site, about 17 miles (27 km) from Mount Ararat in Turkey, based on photographic, radar, and metal detector evidence. Griffin also said that towns in the area had names that resembled terms from the Biblical story of the Great Flood. He endorsed the historicity of the Biblical account of the flood, and speculated that the flood was the byproduct of massive tides caused by a gravitational interaction between Earth and a large celestial body coming close to it.

Notes

  1. The title refers to a 1910 meeting at Jekyll Island, Georgia, of six bankers and economic policymakers, which did occur.

Bibliography

  • The Creature from Jekyll Island, 1994

References

  1. ^ Easter, Sean (March 26, 2011). "Who is G. Edward Griffin, Beck's Expert on The Federal Reserve?". Media Matters for America. Retrieved 2015-03-10. On his Fox News show, Glenn Beck presented Griffin as an authority on the history of the Federal Reserve System. Griffin has a history of holding and promoting various conspiracy hypotheses that include notions that question the very existence of HIV/AIDS, as well as the view that the origin of cancer has to do with a specific dietary deficiency, and correspondingly, that cancer can be effectively cured with an 'essential food compound'.
  2. Lerner IJ (February 1984). "The whys of cancer quackery". Cancer. 53 (3 Suppl): 815–9. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3+<815::aid-cncr2820531334>3.0.co;2-u. PMID 6362828. S2CID 36332694.
  3. McLeod, Kembrew (2014). Pranksters : making mischief in the modern world. New York: New York University Press. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-8147-6436-7. OCLC 895709009.
  4. ^ "The Discovery of Noah's Ark". Reality Zone. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-03-06. This program was written and narrated by G. Edward Griffin.
  5. ^ Who's Who in America 1994 (48th ed.). Marquis Who's Who. December 1993.
  6. ^ Stuart, Scott (Oct. 24, 1984). "John Birch Rolls Higher." The Des Moines Register. p. 6N-LC.
  7. Staff writer (Aug. 4, 2005). "Invisible Ballots (Reality Zone, 2004)." Hartford Courant. p. 20.
  8. Staff writer (Jan. 2, 1989). "Western Goals Foundation." Interhemispheric Resource Center/International Relations Center. Archived from the original.
  9. ^ Suebsaeng, Asawin (26 November 2015). "The Story Behind 'The Creature From Jekyll Island,' the Anti-Fed Conspiracy Theory Bible". The Daily Beast.
  10. Ryssdal, Kai; Bodnar, Bridget (October 20, 2015). "How a secret meeting on Jekyll Island led to the Fed". MarketPlace.
  11. Thomas, Kenn (2002). Popular Paranoia: A Steamshovel Press Anthology. Adventures Unlimited Press. p. 298. ISBN 1-931882-06-1.
  12. "Bestselling business books". Calgary Herald. 2006-07-04. p. F5.
  13. "Best-selling business books, April 14". Rocky Mountain News. 2007-04-14. Archived from the original on 2008-09-27. Retrieved 2008-02-29. 10. The Creature from Jekyll Island: A Second Look at the Federal Reserve: G. Edward Griffin. American Media. $24.50. ...
  14. Paul listed Griffin's book on his "Reading List for a Free and Prosperous America". See: Paul, Ron (2007-04-30). The Revolution: A Manifesto. New York City, NY: Grand Central Publishing. pp. 169–70. ISBN 978-0-446-53751-3.
  15. Flaherty, Edward. "Debunking the Federal Reserve Conspiracy Theories: Myth #1: The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was crafted by Wall Street bankers and a few senators in a secret meeting". Somerville, Massachusetts: Political Research Associates. Retrieved 2008-05-10. G. Edward Griffin lays out this conspiratorial version of history in his book The Creature from Jekyll Island. Mainstream-approved academics have viscerally criticized the very nature of his research as "highly suspect", his methods of research as "amateurish, and his controversial historical conclusions by referring to them as "utterly preposterous" however. ... ...
  16. Conti-Brown, Peter (2015-03-02). "The Twelve Federal Reserve Banks: Governance and Accountability in the 21st Century". Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University Working Paper Series. Rochester, NY: SSRN. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2574309. S2CID 154661368. SSRN 2574309.
  17. Catsoulis, Jeannette (2012-12-20). "Paranoia From Both Left and Right". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-08-20.
  18. ^ Giraud, Victoria (May 22, 1995). "T.O.'s Griffin All Booked Up With Writing, Film Projects". Daily News of Los Angeles. G. Edward Griffin, author and documentary film producer, calls himself 'a plain vanilla researcher and writer.' But the projects he has completed don't deal with 'vanilla' subjects. They concern the Federal Reserve, the Supreme Court, cancer and even Noah's ark. Perhaps a better description of Griffin is one he also admits to - 'Crusader Rabbit.' ...
  19. Aune, James Arnt (2001). Selling the Free Market: The Rhetoric of Economic Correctness. Guilford Press. pp. 140–1. ISBN 1-57230-757-9.
  20. Steele, Karen Dorn; Morlin, Bill (2000-09-02). "Get-rich pitch 'bogus': Seven states have determined Global Prosperity is an illegal pyramid scheme". The Spokesman Review. At age 65, 90 percent of Americans are broke, author G. Edward Griffin writes. He's a contributing editor of The New American Magazine, published by the John Birch Society. The United Nations, the Council on Foreign Relations and the World Bank are plotting a system of world military and financial control to destroy American sovereignty, he writes. The book warns about the dangers of the New World Order and preaches that the United States should get out of the United Nations....There's little that's accurate in Griffin's book, says journalist Marchant.
  21. Sayre, Nora (1996). Sixties Going on Seventies. Rutgers University Press. p. 98. ISBN 0-8135-2193-9. In a wonderful lecture by G. Edward Griffin, slides and diagrams of triangles and arrows and circles show how the Conspiracy learned its techniques from the 18th Century Freemasons of Europe. ...
  22. Stone, Barbara S. (February 1974). "The John Birch Society: A Profile". The Journal of Politics. 36 (1): 184–197. doi:10.2307/2129115. JSTOR 2129115. S2CID 153530664.
  23. Bourgoin, Suzanne Michele; Byers, Paula K. (1998). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Gale. ISBN 0-7876-2556-6.
  24. Thornton, James (1993-12-13). "Remembering Robert Welch". John Birch Society. Archived from the original on 2008-11-27. Retrieved 2008-03-06. We invite you to learn more about him by reading The Life and Words of Robert Welch by G. Edward Griffin. ...
  25. ^ Heidi Beirich. "Midwifing the Militias: Jekyll Island Gathering Recalls Another". No. Spring 2010, Issue 137. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved 2015-03-11. G. Edward Griffin, who helped organize the Jekyll Island gathering, may have been more revealing. Griffin, who wrote a scathing 1994 attack on the Fed published by the anti-communist John Birch Society and also a sympathetic biography of the group's founder, was the first to speak at the meeting.
  26. Monares, Freddy (June 24, 2017). "Activists: Convention in Bozeman is 'alt-right' recruitment effort". Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017.
  27. Barrera, Jorge. "Chaos Agent". CBC Canada. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  28. Lagnado, Lucette (2000-03-22). "Laetrile Makes a Comeback Selling to Patients Online". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2008-02-29.
  29. "Controversial Cancer Drug Laetrile Enters Political Realms". Middlesboro Daily News. 1977-08-10. Retrieved 2008-02-29.
  30. "New Library Books". Books. Grand Forks Herald. 2003-07-13. p. 4. Retrieved 2008-02-29.
  31. Kenadjian, Berdj (2006). From Darkness to Light. Zakarian, Martin, illus. (2d ed.). Phenix & Phenix Literary Publicists. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-933538-24-2. Retrieved 2009-03-17.
  32. Milazzo, Stefania; Horneber, Markus (2015-04-28). "Laetrile treatment for cancer". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018 (4): CD005476. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005476.pub4. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6513327. PMID 25918920.
  33. Herbert V (May 1979). "Laetrile: the cult of cyanide. Promoting poison for profit". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32 (5): 1121–58. doi:10.1093/ajcn/32.5.1121. PMID 219680.
  34. Nightingale SL (1984). "Laetrile: the regulatory challenge of an unproven remedy". Public Health Rep. 99 (4): 333–8. PMC 1424606. PMID 6431478.
  35. Landau, Emanuel (July 1976). "World without Cancer; the Story of Vitamin B17". American Journal of Public Health. 66 (7): 696. doi:10.2105/AJPH.66.7.696-a. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 1653400. The author maintains that the missing food nutrient is part of the nitriloside family which is found particularly in the seeds of the fruit family containing bitter almond ...
  36. Burnes, Kelly (December 28, 2012). "Chemtrails – Conspiracy Theory?". AustralianScience.com.au. Retrieved 2015-03-11. The filmmakers bring in advocate and conspiracist G. Edward Griffin to join this chemtrail crusade. He talks about how chemtrails don't dissipate; that a permanent grid hangs over cities like Los Angeles.

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