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| {{medref|date=April 2015}} | {{medref|date=April 2015}} | ||
| '''Scrambler therapy''' (or '''Calmare scramber therapy''' or '''Calmare therapy'''), like ] (TENS), involves the use of an electric current produced by a device to stimulate the nerves for therapeutic purposes. However, there are important distinctions. The device must be used by a trained specialist. There are no known adverse or side effects with normal use. | |||
| '''Scrambler therapy''' (sometimes '''Calmare scramber therapy''' or '''Calmare therapy''') involves the use of electronic stimulation on the skin with the goal of overwhelming pain information with non-pain information.<ref name="hershman">{{cite journal | author = Hershman, D. L., Lacchetti, C., Dworkin, R. H., et al. | year = 2014 | title = Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of adult cancers. American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline | journal = Journal of Clinical Oncology | page = 24 | doi = 10.1200/JCO.2013.54.0914 | url = http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/early/2014/04/09/JCO.2013.54.0914.full.pdf|pmid= 24733808}}</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | It was invented by Giuseppe Marineo at the ].<ref name=inventor>Anson |
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| ⚫ | It was invented by Giuseppe Marineo at the ].<ref name="inventor">{{cite news | author = Anson, Pat | date = 9 April 2014 | title = Inventor of Calmare Scrambler Tries to Block Sales | work = National Pain Report | url = http://nationalpainreport.com/inventor-calmare-scrambler-tries-block-sales-8823560.html}}</ref> A research paper into its effectiveness was published as early as 2000.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Serafini, G., Marineo, G. and Sabato, A.F.|year=2000|title=Scrambler therapy": a new option in neuropathic pain treatment?|journal=The Pain Clinic|volume=12|issue=4|pages=287-298}}</ref>{{original research inline|date=April 2015}} The device used is a Calmare MC5-A device. It has been ]-cleared 510(k)-cleared and European ]-certified.<ref>http://calmaretherapynj.com/what-is-calmare</ref>{{npsn|date=April 2015}} | ||
| This device has been shown to be effective in the treatment of: | |||
| * ]<ref name=Coyne>Coyne PJ, Wan W, Dodson P (2013) '''' Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy Dec Vol 27(4) pp359-64</ref><ref>Pachman DR, Weisbrod BL, Seisler DK (2015) ''Pilot evaluation of Scrambler therapy for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy'' Supportive Care in Cancer Apr; Vol 23(4): pp943-51</ref> | |||
| * ]<ref>Sparadeo F, Kaufman C, D'Amato S (2012) ' Journal of Life Care Planning Vol 11 No 3 pp3-15</ref><ref>Marineo G, Iorno V , Gandini C, Moschini V (2012) ''Scrambler therapy may relieve chronic neuropathic pain more effectively than guideline-based drug management: results of a pilot, randomized, controlled trial'' Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Jan; Vol 43(1): pp87-95</ref> | |||
| * ]<ref name=Coyne/><ref>Park HS, Sin WK, Kim HY, Moon JY (2013) The Korean Journal of Pain, Jan Vol 26(1) pp65–71</ref><ref>Ricci M, Pirotti S, Burgio M, Scarpi E, Sansoni E, Ridolfi R, Amadori D, Maltoni M (2010) Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2010 ASCO Annual Meeting Abstracts. Vol 28, No 15_suppl (May 20 Supplement)</ref> | |||
| * ]<ref>Ko YK , Lee HY, Lee WY (2013) ''Clinical experiences on the effect of scrambler therapy for patients with postherpetic neuralgia'' The Korean Journal of Pain Jan Vol 26(1) pp98–101</ref><ref>Smith TJ , Marineo G (2013) ''Treatment of Postherpetic Pain With Scrambler Therapy, a Patient-Specific Neurocutaneous Electrical Stimulation Device'' American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Jul 8</ref> | |||
| Research on the efficacy of scrambler therapy has had mixed results; there is no strong evidence that it is effective in treating neuropathic pain.<ref name="hershman" /><ref name="rivera2015">{{cite journal | author = Rivera, E., & Cianfrocca, M. | year = 2015 | title = Overview of neuropathy associated with taxanes for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer | journal = Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology | volume = 75 | issue = 4 | pages = 659-670|pmid=25596818|pmc=4365177}}</ref> | |||
| Treatment is adminstered as follows:<ref></ref> | |||
| * mixed or neuropathic pain - 10/12 consecutive treatments of 30 or 45 minutes; once a day for five days a week. | |||
| * cancer pain - initial treatment program consisting of 10/12 consecutive treatments of 45 minutes, once a day, and every time the pain reappears. Analgesia on patient request. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| ==Further reading== | |||
| * Campbell TC, Nimunkar AJ (2013) ''A randomized, double-blind study of" Scrambler" therapy versus sham for painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN)'' Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol 31 | |||
| * Marineo G, Spaziani S, Sabato AF, Marotta F (2003) '''' International Congress Series 1255 pp381–388 | |||
| * Marineo G (2011) ''Inaccuracy in the article “Managing chronic pain: results from an open-label study using MC5-A Calmare® device in Support Care Cancer”'' Supportive Care in Cancer Oct; Vol 19(10) pp1483-4 | |||
| * Moon JY1, Kurihara C, Beckles JP, Williams KE, Jamison DE, Cohen SP. (2014) The Clinical Journal of Pain. Sep 17. | |||
| * Ricci M, Pirotti S, Scarpi E, Burgio M, Maltoni M (2011) ''Reproducibility of results on chronic pain with MC5-A Calmare® device from independent studies'' Supportive Care in Cancer Nov; Vol 19(11) pp1685-6 | |||
| * Ricci M, Pirotti S, Scarpi E, Burgio M, Maltoni M (2012) ''Managing chronic pain: results from an open-label study using MC5-A Calmare® device'' Supportive Care in Cancer Vol20 405-412 | |||
| * Sabato AF, Marineo G, Gatti A (2005) ''Scrambler therapy'' Minerva anestesiologica July-August Vol 71(7-8) pp479-82 | |||
| * Serafini G, Marineo G, Sabato AF (2000) ''"Scrambler therapy": a new option in neuropathic pain treatment?'' The Pain Clinic, Vol 12, Issue 4, pp 287-298 | |||
| * Smith TJ, Coyne PJ, Parker GL, Dodson P (2010) ''Pilot trial of a patient-specific cutaneous electrostimulation device (MC5-A Calmare®) for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy'' Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, Vol 40 Issue 6 pp883-891 | |||
| * Starkweather AR, Coyne P, Lyon DE (2015) ''Decreased Low Back Pain Intensity and Differential Gene Expression Following Calmare®: Results From a Double‐Blinded Randomized Sham‐Controlled Study'' Research in Nursing & Health Feb; Vol 38(1) pp29-38 | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * Anson P 3 Sept 2013 National Pain Report | |||
| * Anson P 7 Feb 2014 National Pain Report | |||
| ] | ] | ||
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Scrambler therapy (sometimes Calmare scramber therapy or Calmare therapy) involves the use of electronic stimulation on the skin with the goal of overwhelming pain information with non-pain information.
It was invented by Giuseppe Marineo at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. A research paper into its effectiveness was published as early as 2000. The device used is a Calmare MC5-A device. It has been FDA-cleared 510(k)-cleared and European CE mark-certified.
Research on the efficacy of scrambler therapy has had mixed results; there is no strong evidence that it is effective in treating neuropathic pain.
References
- ^ Hershman, D. L., Lacchetti, C., Dworkin, R. H.; et al. (2014). "Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of adult cancers. American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline" (PDF). Journal of Clinical Oncology: 24. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.54.0914. PMID 24733808.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Anson, Pat (9 April 2014). "Inventor of Calmare Scrambler Tries to Block Sales". National Pain Report.
- Serafini, G., Marineo, G. and Sabato, A.F. (2000). "Scrambler therapy": a new option in neuropathic pain treatment?". The Pain Clinic. 12 (4): 287–298.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - http://calmaretherapynj.com/what-is-calmare
- Rivera, E., & Cianfrocca, M. (2015). "Overview of neuropathy associated with taxanes for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer". Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. 75 (4): 659–670. PMC 4365177. PMID 25596818.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)