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| {{more footnotes|date=September 2011}} | {{more footnotes|date=September 2011}} | ||
| {{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| |name = Afife Nûr-Bânû ] | |||
| |image = Nurbanu's burial, Shahanshahnama.jpg | |||
| |image_size = 255px | |||
| |caption = <small>Afife Nûr-Bânû ]'s ] and her ] ''(Shahanshahnamah-i Lokhmann)''</small> | |||
| |birth_name = Cecilia/Olivia Venier-Baffo, or Kale Kartanou, or "Rachel Marie Nassi" | |||
| |birth_date = {{circa}} 1525 | |birth_date = {{circa}} 1525 | ||
| |birth_place = ], ], ] | |birth_place = ], ], ] | ||
| Line 6: | Line 11: | ||
| |death_place = ] | |death_place = ] | ||
| |death_cause = | |death_cause = | ||
| |resting_place = ], ] | |resting_place = The tomb of ] ] located in ], ] | ||
| |resting_place_coordinates = | |resting_place_coordinates = | ||
| |residence = | |residence = | ||
| |ethnicity = ] | |ethnicity = ] | ||
| |religion = ] |
|religion = ] converted to ] or possibly ] converted to ] | ||
| |known_for = ] | |known_for = ] | ||
| |spouse = ] | |spouse = ] | ||
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| }} | }} | ||
| ''' |
'''Nûr-Banû Sultan''' (full style ''Haseki Afife Nûr-Banû Vâlide Sultân Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri''; {{lang-ota|نور بانو سلطان}}; {{circa}} 1525 – 7 December 1583)(''Nurbanu, Nûr-Banû'' meaning "Bright lady") was the favourite consort and later wife of Sultan ] of the ], mother of Sultan ], and de facto co-ruler as the ] for nine years from 1574 until 1583. She was either a ] of noble birth or a ] ].<ref>http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Xd422lS6ezgC&pg=PA178 Stanford J. Shaw, ''History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey, Volume 1''. page 178</ref> Her birth name may have been Cecilia or Olivia Venier-Baffo,<ref>Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil, ''Cultures in Colors'', page 68. ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001</ref> or Rachel Marie Nassi.<ref>Godfrey Goodwin, ''The Private World of Ottoman Women'', Saqi Book, ISBN 0-86356-745-2, ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001. page 128,</ref> | ||
| ]," ] ].]] | |||
| ] ''(])'' of her husband ] ] in '']'' at ] in ], ].]] | |||
| {{Infobox manner of address | |||
| | name = Afife Nûr-Bânû | |||
| | image = | |||
| | size = | |||
| | reference = Devletlu İsmetlu Afife Nûr-Bânû ] Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri | |||
| | spoken = Davlatlū Esmatlū Āfefa Nûr-Bânû ] Âleeyatū'sh-Shân Hāzratlaree | |||
| | religious = | |||
| | posthumous = | |||
| | alternative = | |||
| }} | |||
| ] ], the son of Nūr-Bānū ].]] | |||
| == Some theories about her biography == | == Some theories about her biography == | ||
| Currently, there |
Currently, there exists three living theories about the ethnic roots of ''"Afife Nûr-Bânû ]":'' | ||
| === ''Cecilia'' or ''Olivia'' === | === ''Cecilia'' or ''Olivia'' === | ||
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| == Time as consort == | == Time as consort == | ||
| ] | |||
| Nurbanu became the most favored consort of ] ], who was put on the throne in 1566, and the mother of ] ]. When ] died in 1574, she concealed his death and hid his corpse in an icebox until her son Murad arrived at ] from the Province of ], where Murad was the governor. Twelve days later, upon Murad's accession to the Ottoman throne as ], Nurbanu acquired the title of ] (queen mother). | Nurbanu became the most favored consort of ] ], who was put on the throne in 1566, and the mother of ] ]. When ] died in 1574, she concealed his death and hid his corpse in an icebox until her son Murad arrived at ] from the Province of ], where Murad was the governor. Twelve days later, upon Murad's accession to the Ottoman throne as ], Nurbanu acquired the title of ] (queen mother). | ||
| === Foreign politics === | === Foreign politics === | ||
| After Nurbanu became the ] to her son ], she effectively managed the government together with the ] ], who acted as co-regent with the sultan during the ]. Her intermediary to the world outside the harem was her "kira", ]. "Kira" was so popular means of communication with the outside world when Nûr- |
After Nurbanu became the ] to her son ], she effectively managed the government together with the ] ], who acted as co-regent with the sultan during the ]. Her intermediary to the world outside the harem was her "kira", ]. "Kira" was so popular means of communication with the outside world when Nûr-Bânû was the Valide Sultan that the two women were said to have been lovers. She corresponded with the queen ] of ]. During her nine years of regency (1574–1583), her politics were so pro-Venetian that she was hated by the ]. Some have even suggested that she was poisoned by a ] agent. In any case, she died at the palace in the ] ], ] on 7 December 1583. Moreover, it has been said that Nurbanu was related to ], who was born Sofia Baffo, married Murad III, and consequently became the next ] of the ] when her own son ] acceded to the throne. On the other hand, the Ottoman records claim that the ] became highly dependent on the ] during the regency of Nurbanu because her policies were allegedly extremely pro-Jewish. | ||
| === Charitable establishments and philanthrophy === | === Charitable establishments and philanthrophy === | ||
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| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | *] | ||
| *] | *] | ||
| *] | |||
| *] (simplified) | |||
| *] | |||
| ==Gallery== | |||
| <center><gallery> | |||
| File:Istanbul.Hagia Sophia039.jpg|The ] of ], the burial place of ''Afife Nûr-Bânû ]'' | |||
| File:Hagia Sophia 325.jpg|The burial place of ''Afife Nûr-Bânû ]'' is located inside the tomb of ] ] in '']'' at ] in ] ]. ''(The exterior view)'' | |||
| File:Istanbul.Hagia Sophia029.jpg|Nûr-Bânû ] is buried in the ] of ] ] located at ] in ], ], ]. ''(The interior invocation area)'' | |||
| </gallery></center> | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 11:00, 18 September 2014
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| Afife Nûr-Bânû Vâlida Sultân | |
|---|---|
 Afife Nûr-Bânû Valide Sultan's Ṣalāt al-Janāzah and her Islamic burial (Shahanshahnamah-i Lokhmann) | |
| Born | Cecilia/Olivia Venier-Baffo, or Kale Kartanou, or "Rachel Marie Nassi" c. 1525 Páros, Cyclades Islands, Republic of Venice |
| Died | 7 December 1583 (aged 58) Istanbul |
| Resting place | The tomb of Sultan Selim II located in Hagia Sophia, Istanbul |
| Known for | Valide Sultan |
| Spouse | Selim II |
| Children | Esmehan Sultan Murad III Şah Sultan Fatma Sultan |
| Parent(s) | Nicolò Venier and Violanta Baffo or Joseph Nassi |
Nûr-Banû Sultan (full style Haseki Afife Nûr-Banû Vâlide Sultân Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri; Template:Lang-ota; c. 1525 – 7 December 1583)(Nurbanu, Nûr-Banû meaning "Bright lady") was the favourite consort and later wife of Sultan Selim II of the Ottoman Empire, mother of Sultan Murad III, and de facto co-ruler as the Valide Sultan for nine years from 1574 until 1583. She was either a Venetian of noble birth or a Spanish Jew. Her birth name may have been Cecilia or Olivia Venier-Baffo, or Rachel Marie Nassi.
| Styles of Afife Nûr-Bânû | |
|---|---|
| Reference style | Devletlu İsmetlu Afife Nûr-Bânû Valida Sultânā Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri |
| Spoken style | Davlatlū Esmatlū Āfefa Nûr-Bânû Valida Sultânā Âleeyatū'sh-Shân Hāzratlaree |
Some theories about her biography
Currently, there exists three living theories about the ethnic roots of "Afife Nûr-Bânû Vâlida Sultân":
Cecilia or Olivia
According to Venetian records, Cecilia or Olivia was presumably the natural daughter of Nicolò Venier, a Lord of Páros, by Violanta Baffo. She was the niece of the Doge of Venice, Sebastiano Venier. She was captured when the Turks conquered the Cyclades island of Páros, where she was born, during the 1537 war, abducted from there and taken to the royal harem of Ottoman Prince Selim II in Istanbul, where she was renamed Nurbanu.
Rachel Marie Nassi
According to Ottoman records, Rachel Marie was the sister of Joseph Nassi, who was in a very close relationship with Nurbanu's husband. Being a Jewish, she gave priorities to the Jewish people of Istanbul and Manisa.
Time as consort
Nurbanu became the most favored consort of Ottoman Sultan Selim II, who was put on the throne in 1566, and the mother of Ottoman Sultan Murad III. When Selim II died in 1574, she concealed his death and hid his corpse in an icebox until her son Murad arrived at Istanbul from the Province of Manisa, where Murad was the governor. Twelve days later, upon Murad's accession to the Ottoman throne as Murad III, Nurbanu acquired the title of valide sultan (queen mother).
Foreign politics
After Nurbanu became the valide sultan to her son Murad III, she effectively managed the government together with the Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, who acted as co-regent with the sultan during the Sultanate of Women. Her intermediary to the world outside the harem was her "kira", Esther Handali. "Kira" was so popular means of communication with the outside world when Nûr-Bânû was the Valide Sultan that the two women were said to have been lovers. She corresponded with the queen Catherine de' Medici of France. During her nine years of regency (1574–1583), her politics were so pro-Venetian that she was hated by the Republic of Genoa. Some have even suggested that she was poisoned by a Genoese agent. In any case, she died at the palace in the Yenikapı Quarter, Istanbul on 7 December 1583. Moreover, it has been said that Nurbanu was related to Safiye Sultan, who was born Sofia Baffo, married Murad III, and consequently became the next valide sultan of the Ottoman Empire when her own son Mehmed III acceded to the throne. On the other hand, the Ottoman records claim that the Republic of Venice became highly dependent on the Ottoman Empire during the regency of Nurbanu because her policies were allegedly extremely pro-Jewish.
Charitable establishments and philanthrophy
During her nine years of regency, Nurbanu ordered the renowned Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan to build the Atik Valide Mosque and its surrounding külliye at the district of Üsküdar in Istanbul, where previously a "Jewish bath" was located. The construction of the külliye was completed and put in commission at the end of 1583, just before the demise of Nurbanu on 7 December 1583. She was buried at the mausoleum of her husband Selim II located inside the Hagia Sophia (then a mosque) at Sultanahmet in Istanbul, Turkey.
See also
- Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman family tree
- Ottoman dynasty
- Line of succession to the Ottoman throne
- Ottoman Emperors family tree (simplified)
- List of consorts of the Ottoman Sultans
Gallery
-
The Mimber of The Hagia Sophia Mosque, the burial place of Afife Nûr-Bânû Vâlida Sultân
-
The burial place of Afife Nûr-Bânû Vâlida Sultân is located inside the tomb of Ottoman Sultan Selim II in Hagia Sophia at Sultanahmet in Istanbul Turkey. (The exterior view)
-
Nûr-Bânû Vâlida Sultân is buried in the mausoleum of Sultan Selim II located at The Hagia Sophia Mosque in Sultanahmet, Istanbul, Turkey. (The interior invocation area)
References
Notes
- http://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Xd422lS6ezgC&pg=PA178 Stanford J. Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey, Volume 1. page 178
- Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil, Cultures in Colors, page 68. ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001
- Godfrey Goodwin, The Private World of Ottoman Women, Saqi Book, ISBN 0-86356-745-2, ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001. page 128,
Sources
- Goodwin, Jason, Lords of the Horizons, (1998) - page 160
- A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1956.
- Almanach de Gotha: annuaire généalogique, diplomatique et statistique, Justes Perthes, Gotha, 1880-1944.
- Burke's Royal Families of the World, Volume II: Africa & The Middle East, Burke's Peerage Ltd., London, 1980.
- Yılmaz Öztuna, Devletler ve Hanedanlar, Turkiye 1074-1990, Ankara, 1989.
- Osman Selâheddin Osmanoğlu, Osmanli Devleti'nin Kuruluşunun 700. Yılında Osmanlı Hanedanı, Islâm Tarih, Sanat ve Kültür Araştırma Vakfı (ISAR), Istanbul, 1999.
- Emine Fuat Tugay, Three Centuries: Family Chronicles of Turkey and Egypt, Oxford, 1963.
External links
| Ottoman royalty | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byHürrem Sultan | Haseki Sultan 18 April 1558 – 15 December 1574 |
Succeeded bySafiye Sultan |
| Preceded byAyşe Hafsa Sultan | Valide Sultan 15 December 1574 – 7 December 1583 |
Succeeded bySafiye Sultan |
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