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Misandry (Template:Pron-en) is hatred (or contempt) of men or boys. Misandry comes from Greek misos (μῖσος, "hatred") and anēr, andros (ἀνήρ, gen. ἀνδρός; "man"). It is parallel to misogyny, the hatred of women or girls, but is less popularized in mainstream culture. Michael Flood argues that "misandry lacks the systemic, transhistoric, institutionalized, and legislated antipathy of misogyny." Misandry is also comparable with (but not the same as) misanthropy, which is the hatred of humanity in general. The prefix miso- (meaning "hate") applies in many other words, such as misocapny, misogamy, misarchy, and misoxeny. Misandry is the antonym of philandry, the fondness towards men, love, or admiration of them.

Misandry in literature

Misandry in ancient Greek literature

Classics professor Froma Zeitlin of Princeton University discussed misandry in her article titled "Patterns of Gender in Aeschylean Drama: Seven against Thebes and the Danaid Trilogy." She writes:

The most significant point of contact, however, between Eteocles and the suppliant Danaids is, in fact, their extreme positions with regard to the opposite sex: the misogyny of Eteocles’ outburst against all women of whatever variety (Se. 181-202) has its counterpart in the seeming misandry of the Danaids, who although opposed to their Egyptian cousins in particular (marriage with them is incestuous, they are violent men) often extend their objections to include the race of males as a whole and view their cause as a passionate contest between the sexes (cf. Su. 29, 393, 487, 818, 951).

Misandry and literary criticism

In his book, Gender and Judaism: The transformation of tradition, Harry Brod, a Professor of Philosophy and Humanities in the Department of Philosophy and Religion at the University of Northern Iowa, writes:

In the introduction to The Great Comic Book Heroes, Jules Feiffer writes that this is Superman's joke on the rest of us. Clark is Superman's vision of what other men are really like. We are scared, incompetent, and powerless, particularly around women. Though Feiffer took the joke good-naturedly, his misandry embodied the Clark and his misogyny in his wish that Lois be enamored of Clark (much like Oberon takes out hostility toward Titania by having her fall in love with an ass in Shakespeare's Midsummer-Night's Dream).

Julie M. Thompson, a feminist author, connects misandry with envy of men, in particular "penis envy", a term coined by Sigmund Freud in 1908, in his theory of female sexual development.

Misandry and feminism

An example of misandry can be found in the SCUM Manifesto by Valerie Solanas, a radical feminist:

As for the issue of whether or not to continue to reproduce males, it doesn't follow that because the male, like disease, has always existed among us that he should continue to exist. When genetic control is possible — and soon it will be — it goes without saying that we should produce only whole, complete beings, not physical defects of deficiencies, including emotional deficiencies, such as maleness. Just as the deliberate production of blind people would be highly immoral, so would be the deliberate production of emotional cripples.

— Valerie Solanas, SCUM Manifesto

Christina Hoff Sommers, a conservative commentator, argues that feminism has a "corrosive paradox" and that no group of women can wage war on men without at the same time denigrating the women who respect those men.

Wendy McElroy, an individualist feminist and Fox News commentator, argues that some feminists "have redefined the view of the movement of the opposite sex" as "a hot anger toward men seems to have turned into a cold hatred." She argues that men as a class are considered irreformable, all men are considered rapists, and marriage, rape and prostitution are seen as the same.

McElroy states "a new ideology has come to the forefront... radical or gender, feminism", one that has "joined hands with political correctness movement that condemns the panorama of western civilization as sexist and racist: the product of 'dead white males.'"

Conservative pundit Charlotte Hays argues "that the anti-male philosophy of radical feminism has filtered into the culture at large is incontestable; indeed, this attitude has become so pervasive that we hardly notice it any longer."

Analogies to other forms of bigotry

Masculist writer Warren Farrell compares dehumanizing stereotyping of men to dehumanization of the Vietnamese people as "gooks".

In the past quarter century, we exposed biases against other races and called it racism, and we exposed biases against women and called it sexism. Biases against men we call humor.

— Warren Farrell, Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say

Religious Studies professors Paul Nathanson and Katherine Young make similar comparisons in their three-book series Beyond the Fall of Man, which treats misandry as a form of prejudice and discrimination that has become institutionalized in North American society. Nathanson and Young credit "ideological feminism" for imposing misandry on culture.

Their book Spreading Misandry (2001) analyzes "pop cultural artifacts and productions from the 1990s" from movies to greeting cards for what they consider contains pervasive messages of hatred toward men. Legalizing Misandry (2005) the second in the series, gives similar attention to laws in North America.

See also

• Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them!
• Female chauvinism
• Antifeminism
• Men's movement
• Men's rights
• Valerie Solanas

References

Footnotes

1. http://books.google.com/books?id=EUON2SYps-QC&pg=PA442&dq=michael+flood+misandry&hl=en&ei=LDVbTMuhCoa6OK7p8d0N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=michael%20flood%20misandry&f=false
2. ^ Zeitlin, Froma I. "Patterns of Gender in Aeschylean Drama: Seven against Thebes and the Danaid Trilogy" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-12-21. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help) Princeton University, paper given at the Department of Classics, University of California, Berkeley
3. Gender and Judaism: The transformation of tradition, Harry Brod
4. Emphasis added. Julie M. Thompson, Mommy Queerest: Contemporary Rhetorics of Lesbian Maternal Identity, (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2002).
5. Echols, Alice (1990). Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967-75. American Culture Series. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 9780816617876. SCUM Manifesto was one of the earliest, wittiest, and most eccentric expressions of second-wave feminism. Solanas's unabashed misandry — especially her belief in men's biological inferiority — her endorsement of relationships between 'independent women,' and her dismissal of sex as 'the refuge of the mindless' contravened the sort of radical feminism which prevailed in most women's groups across the country. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
6. Hoff Sommers, Christina (1994). Who Stole Feminism. Simon and Schuster. p. 256. ISBN 978-0684801568.
7. The Independent Institute
8. (McElroy 2001, p. 5)
9. (McElroy 2001, p. 4-6)
10. Hays, Charlotte. 'The Worse Half'. National Review 11 March, 2002.
11. Farrell, Warren (1999). Women Can't Hear What Men Don't Say. New York: Tarcher. ISBN 1585420611.
12. (Nathanson & Young 2001, p. 4-6) "The same problem that long prevented mutual respect between Jews and Christians, the teaching of contempt, now prevents mutual respect between men and women."
13. (Nathanson & Young 2001, p. xiv) " one form of feminism — one that has had a great deal of influence, whether directly or indirectly, on both popular culture and elite culture—is profoundly misandric."

Bibliography

• Hoff Summers, Christina, Who Stole Feminism: How Women Have Betrayed Women, 1994.
• Farrell, Warren. The Myth of Male Power. Berkley Trade, 2001. ISBN 0-425-18144-8
• Ferguson, Frances and R. Howard Bloch. Misogyny, Misandry, and Misanthropy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-520-06544-4
• Levine, Judith. My Enemy, my Love: Man-hating and ambivalence in women's lives. 1992.
• McElroy, Wendy (2001). Sexual Correctness: The Gender-Feminist Attack on Women. Harper Paperbacks. New York: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786411443. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Nathanson, Paul; Young, Katherine R. (2001). Spreading Misandry: The Teaching of Contempt for Men in Popular Culture. Harper Paperbacks. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 9780773530997. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Nathanson, Paul; Young, Katherine R. (2006). Legalizing Misandry: From Public Shame to Systemic Discrimination against Men. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 9780773528628. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Schwartz, Howard. The Revolt of the Primitive: An Inquiry into the Roots of Political Correctness. Revised Edition. Transaction Publishers, 2003. ISBN 0-7658-0537-5

External links

• Bailée, Susan; Sommers, Christina Hoff (2001). "Misandry in the Classroom". The Hudson Review. 54 (1). The Hudson Review, Inc.: 148–54. doi:10.2307/3852834. JSTOR 10.2307/3852834. My rough-and-tumble first grader, Mark, came home from school yesterday and nonchalantly told me a story about his day that set me shivering {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Leader, Richard (2007). "Misandry: From the Dictionary of Fools". Adonis Mirror. Retrieved 2007-12-28. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help) article critical of the use of the term
• Wilson, Robert Anton (1996). "Androphobia: The only respectable bigotry". The Backlash!. Shameless Men Press. Retrieved 2007-12-28. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

• Gender
• Sexism
• Sexual and gender prejudices