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{{Short description|American politician (born 1954)}}
{{Infobox_Congressman
{{pp-pc}}
| name =Betty McCollum
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2021}}
| image name =Betty McCollum Official Photo 2009.jpg
{{Infobox officeholder
| date of birth= {{birth date and age|1954|07|12}}
|name = Betty McCollum
| place of birth= ]
|image = Betty McCollum, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg
| death_date =
|state = ]
| death_place =
|district = {{ushr|MN|4|4th}}
| state = ]
|term_start = January 3, 2001
| district = ]
|term_end =
| term_start = January 3, 2001
| preceded = ] |predecessor = ]
|successor =
| succeeded = Incumbent
|state_house1 = Minnesota
| party = ]
|district1 = 55B
| religion = ]
|term_start1 = January 5, 1993
| spouse = Divorced
|term_end1 = January 3, 2001
| residence= ]
|predecessor1 = ]
| alma_mater= ]
|successor1 = ]
|birth_name = Betty Louise Dierich
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1954|7|12}}
|birth_place = ], U.S.
|death_date =
|death_place =
|party = ]
|education = ] (])
|website =
|module = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Rep. Betty McCollum on the Death of Rep. Jim Hagedorn.ogg|title=Betty McCollum's voice|type=speech|description=McCollum eulogizes her deceased colleague, ]<br/>Recorded February 28, 2022}}

}} }}
'''Betty Louise McCollum''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|k|ɒ|l|ə|m}} {{respell|mə-KOL-əm}}; born July 12, 1954)<ref name=name-birthdate>{{cite web|title = Elections 2008|publisher = Chicago Sun-Times|date = October 23, 2008|url=http://elections.suntimes.com/dynamic/external/pre-election/bios/989.html?SITE=ILCHSELN&SECTION=POLITICS&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT|access-date = October 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716163840/http://elections.suntimes.com/dynamic/external/pre-election/bios/989.html?SITE=ILCHSELN&SECTION=POLITICS&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT|archive-date = July 16, 2011|url-status = dead}}</ref> is an American politician serving as the ] for {{ushr|MN|4}}, serving since 2001. She is a member of the ] (DFL). McCollum's district centers on ], Minnesota's capital city. She is the second woman elected to Congress from Minnesota. McCollum became the dean of Minnesota's congressional delegation in 2021.


Before her election to the U.S. House, McCollum served eight years as a state representative.


==Biography==
'''Betty Louise McCollum''' (born July 12, 1954)<ref name=name-birthdate>{{cite web|title = Elections 2008|publisher = Chicago Sun-Times|date = 2008-10-23|url = http://elections.suntimes.com/dynamic/external/pre-election/bios/989.html?SITE=ILCHSELN&SECTION=POLITICS&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT|accessdate = 2008-10-24}}</ref> is the ] for {{ushr|MN|4}}, serving since 2001. She is a member of the ] (DFL).
McCollum was born in ]. She graduated from the ] in ], in 1976. McCollum has worked as a high school social sciences teacher and as a sales manager.


She first won election to the ] city council in 1986.<ref>{{cite web| title = Campaign 2004| publisher = Minnesota Public Radio|url=http://minnesota.publicradio.org/collections/special/2004/campaign/congress/mccollum| access-date = February 26, 2007}}</ref> In 1992 she was elected to the ] after she defeated an incumbent state representative in the ] primary. She served four terms in the Minnesota House before being elected to ] in 2000.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mccollum.house.gov/about-betty/biography|title=Biography|date=April 12, 2017|work=Congresswoman Betty McCollum|access-date=February 7, 2018|language=en}}</ref>
The district centers on ], Minnesota's capital city. She is the second woman elected to Congress from Minnesota.

==Early life, education and career==
McCollum was born in ]. She is the older sister to Anthony and Monica. She is divorced and has two children. McCollum has worked as a high school social sciences teacher and as a sales manager. She first got involved in politics in 1986, when her daughter got hurt on a slide in a ] city park. The city council wouldn't do anything to fix the slide, so McCollum's neighbors encouraged her to run for a spot on the council herself. She won that November and served three terms.<ref>{{cite web| title = Campaign 2004| publisher = Minnesota Public Radio| url =http://minnesota.publicradio.org/collections/special/2004/campaign/congress/mccollum| accessdate = 2007-02-26}}</ref> She then challenged longtime ] Rich O'Conner in the DFL primary and won an upset victory. She went on to serve four terms in the state house.


==U.S. House of Representatives== ==U.S. House of Representatives==
===Committee assignments===
*''']'''
**]
**]
*''']'''


===Campaigns===
McCollum is a member of the ], where she is the only Minnesotan. At the start of the 111th Congress, McCollum was also appointed to the ]. Under normal circumstances, House Democrats aren't allowed to serve on another committee when they also serve on one of the chamber's four exclusive "A" committees--Appropriations, Energy and Commerce, Rules, and ]. However, ] ] and committee chairman ] granted McCollum a waiver allowing her to take a second committee slot. McCollum served on the Government Reform Committee during her first term in Congress.<ref></ref>
{{See also|2000 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota#District 4}}
After 4th district Representative ] decided not to seek a 13th term due to illness in 2000 (he died before the election), McCollum won the DFL nomination to succeed him. The district is heavily Democratic; among Minnesota's congressional districts, only the neighboring ]-based 5th district is considered more Democratic. The DFL has held the seat without interruption since 1949.

McCollum's main concern during the campaign wasn't her ] opponent, State Senator ], but ] candidate Tom Foley. Foley had previously been county attorney for ] (almost all of which is in the 4th district) as a Democrat. Many thought Foley might siphon off enough votes from McCollum to allow Runbeck to win. But McCollum defeated Runbeck by 17 points, with Foley in a distant third place. Foley held McCollum to 48% of the vote, making her the only Democrat not to win at least 50% of the vote since Democrats began their dominance in the district. The district has since reverted to form, and McCollum has been reelected nine times with no substantive opposition.

===Tenure===
According to the ] at ], McCollum held a Bipartisan Index Score of -0.1 in the ] for 2019, which placed her 219th out of 435 members.<ref name=TheLugarCenter>{{cite web |url=https://www.thelugarcenter.org/assets/htmldocuments/2019%20BPI%20House%20Scores.pdf |title=The Lugar Center - McCourt School Bipartisan Index House Scores 116th Congress First Session (2019)|publisher=Georgetown University |access-date=May 20, 2020}}</ref> Based on ]'s congressional vote tracker at ], McCollum voted with Donald Trump's stated ] positions 11.4% of the time,<ref name=FiveThirtyEight>{{cite web |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-trump-score/betty-mccollum/ |title=Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump - Betty McCollum |work=ABC News |date=January 30, 2017 |access-date=May 20, 2020}}</ref> which ranked her average in the 116th United States Congress when predictive scoring (district partisanship and voting record) is used.<ref name=FiveThirtyEightSecond>{{cite web |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-trump-score/house/ |title=Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump |work=ABC News |date=January 30, 2017 |access-date=May 20, 2020}}</ref> In the ], she voted with President ]'s stated position 100% of the time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bycoffe |first=Aaron |last2=Wiederkehr |first2=Anna |date=2021-04-22 |title=Does Your Member Of Congress Vote With Or Against Biden? |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-congress-votes/house/ |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=FiveThirtyEight |language=en}}</ref>

===Committee assignments===
For the ]:<ref>{{cite web |title=Betty McCollum |url=https://clerk.house.gov/members/M001143 |publisher=Clerk of the United States House of Representatives |access-date=August 7, 2023}}</ref>
* ]
** ] (Ranking Member)
** ]


===Party leadership, caucus and other memberships=== ====Party leadership, caucus, and other memberships====
*Senior Whip *Senior Whip
*Co-founder of the Congressional Global Health Caucus *Co-founder of the Congressional Global Health Caucus
*Co-founder of the Quality Care Coalition *Co-founder of the Quality Care Coalition
*Vice Chair of Congressional Native American Caucus (Co-Chair Emeritus)<ref>{{cite web |title=Native American Caucus Leadership Announced for 117th Congress |date=April 14, 2021 |url=https://cole.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/native-american-caucus-leadership-announced-117th-congress |access-date=28 July 2022}}</ref>
*National Council on the Arts *National Council on the Arts
*] (Associate Member) *] (Associate Member)
*] *]
*]
*]<ref>{{cite web|title=Membership|url=https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership|publisher=Congressional Arts Caucus|access-date=March 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140644/https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership|archive-date=June 12, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*]<ref>{{cite web|title=Members|url=http://www.afterschoolalliance.org/policyCongressionalCaucuses.cfm|publisher=Afterschool Alliance|access-date=April 17, 2018}}</ref>
*Co-Chair ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Our Members|url=https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html|publisher=U.S. House of Representatives International Conservation Caucus|access-date=August 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801155201/https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html|archive-date=August 1, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*]<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of the Veterinary Medicine Caucus|url=https://schrader.house.gov/committees/veterinary-medicine-caucus.htm|publisher=Veterinary Medicine Caucus|access-date=October 12, 2018|archive-date=March 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090924/https://schrader.house.gov/committees/veterinary-medicine-caucus.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Congressional Coalition on Adoption Institute|url=https://www.ccainstitute.org|language=en}}</ref>
* ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Membership|author=|url=https://bush.house.gov/era/about/membership|format=|publisher=Congressional Caucus for the Equal Rights Amendment|date=|accessdate=18 September 2024}}</ref>


She is the first Minnesota woman elected to Congress since ] in the 1950s. In January, 2007 she was joined by the first ] woman elected from Minnesota — ] of the ]. McCollum is the first woman elected to Congress from Minnesota since ] in the 1950s.


McCollum received a 91% ] rating from a self-described non-partisan group that provides a "searchable database of Congressional voting records from a Progressive perspective"<ref>{{cite web|title =Leading with the Left|publisher =Progressive Punch|url =http://www.progressivepunch.org|accessdate = 2006-11-02}}</ref> and scored a 13% ] rating by the conservative group, SBE Council.<ref>{{cite web|title =Congressional Voting Scorecard 2005| work =SBE Council’s Congressional Voting Scorecard 2005| publisher =Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council| date = June, 2006| url =http://www.sbecouncil.org/uploads/Ratings2005Scorecard.pdf| format =pdf|accessdate =2006-11-02}}</ref> McCollum received a 91% ] rating from Progressive Punch, a self-described nonpartisan group that provides a "searchable database of Congressional voting records from a Progressive perspective",<ref>{{cite web|title =Leading with the Left|publisher =Progressive Punch|url=http://www.progressivepunch.org|access-date = November 2, 2006}}</ref> and a 13% ] rating from the conservative SBE Council.<ref>{{cite web| title =Congressional Voting Scorecard 2005| website =SBE Council's Congressional Voting Scorecard 2005| publisher =Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council| date =June 2006|url=http://www.sbecouncil.org/uploads/Ratings2005Scorecard.pdf| access-date =November 2, 2006| url-status =dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929121518/http://www.sbecouncil.org/uploads/Ratings2005Scorecard.pdf| archive-date =September 29, 2006}}</ref>


== Political positions ==
Representative McCollum has supported the interests of Pro-Choice interest groups such as Planned Parenthood, National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association, and NARAL Pro-Choice America. Most of these groups have the same main goals. One example would be the National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association which aims to provide access to “family planning and reproductive health care services and to support reproductive freedom for all”. She indicated on the 2002 National Political Awareness Test that she believed abortions should always be legally available, but only within the first trimester of pregnancy.
McCollum is ] and supports ], ], and National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://votesmart.org/issue_rating_category.php?can_id=3812 |title=Betty McCollum: Interest Group Rating |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref> The latter organization aims to provide access to ] and reproductive health care services and advocates for reproductive freedom.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://votesmart.org/issue_rating_detail.php?r_id=1630 |title=National Special Interest Groups |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref> She indicated on the 2002 ] that she believed abortions should always be legally available, but only within the first trimester of pregnancy.<ref name="votesmart1">{{cite web|url=http://votesmart.org/npat.php?can_id=3812#409 |title=Betty McCollum - Political Courage Test |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref>


The entire time Representative McCollum has been in office, she has supported gay civil rights. The Human Rights Campaign is America’s largest civil rights organization working to achieve lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality. They have continually approved of her voting record. In one speech opposing the proposed ], she stated, "Gay and lesbian Americans are citizens who must never be treated as second class citizens". McCollum has consistently supported the rights of members in the ].<ref name="votesmart2">{{cite web|url=http://votesmart.org/issue_rating_category.php?category=76&go.x=10&go.y=8&can_id=3812&type=category |title=National Special Interest Groups |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref> The ], one of America's largest civil rights organization working to achieve lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality, has continually approved of her voting record.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.hrc.org/about_us/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724234140/http://www.hrc.org/about_us/index.htm |archive-date=July 24, 2012 |access-date=January 15, 2012 |publisher=Human Rights Campaign}}</ref><ref name="votesmart2"/> In a speech opposing the proposed ], McCollum said, "Gay and lesbian Americans are citizens who must never be treated as second-class citizens".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://votesmart.org/speech_detail.php?sc_id=153038&keyword=gay&phrase=&contain= |title=Public Statements |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref>


She has supported the interests of the elderly with regard to preserving social security. She has supported organizations such as the Alliance for Retired Americans and the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, who share the mission to ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and security. She has supported the interests of the elderly with regard to preserving ]. She has backed organizations such as the ] and the ], which share the mission to ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and security.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.votesmart.org/issue_rating_detail.php?r_id=713 |title=National Special Interest Groups |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref> In a ], McCollum defended her position on Social Security, writing, "We can secure the future of Social Security with common sense and a shared, bipartisan commitment to economic security and fiscal responsibility for all Americans. This is my commitment, and you can count on me to work to protect Social Security and to find a solution that truly protects the retirement security of every American."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.votesmart.org/speech_detail.php?sc_id=402196&keyword=&phrase=&contain= |title=Public Statements |publisher=Project Vote Smart |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref>
In a position paper, Representative McCollum defended her position on Social Security. She stated, "We can secure the future of Social Security with common sense and a shared, bipartisan commitment to economic security and fiscal responsibility for all Americans. This is my commitment, and you can count on me to work to protect Social Security and to find a solution that truly protects the retirement security of every American."


McCollum advocates shifting America's energy consumption to cleaner, ]. Along with ] and ], she introduced the Renewable Energy and Efficiency Act, a bill to utilize thermal energy sources and create renewable energy production tax credits.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mccollum.house.gov/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=994&Itemid= |title=Franken, Bond, McCollum Introduce Thermal Renewable Energy and Efficiency Act |publisher=Mccollum.house.gov |date=July 21, 2010 |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref> She also voted for the ] in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mccollum.house.gov/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49&Itemid=77 |title=Energy |publisher=Mccollum.house.gov |access-date=January 15, 2012}}</ref>
In 2004, McCollum gained national visibility when she and fellow Democrat, ] of ] called for ] ] to resign for claiming the ] was "a terrorist organization."


In 2004, McCollum gained national visibility when she and fellow Democrat ] of ] called for ] ] to resign for claiming the ] was "a terrorist organization."
McCollum made headlines in February 2011 when she voted to end military sponsorship of NASCAR teams. The amendment failed 148-241.


She also introduced amendments in June 2011 and 2012 to ] by $125 million, a proposal opposed by the ] and which the ] called "potentially devastating."<ref>{{cite news |first=Carol Ann |last=Alaimo |title=At Ft. Huachuca and elsewhere, military bands play the blues |work=Arizona Daily Star|url=http://azstarnet.com/news/local/article_ec7024f1-ee9d-575c-9713-186f5c041531.html|date=August 22, 2011}}</ref>
==Political campaigns==
After 4th District Congressman ] decided not to seek a 13th term due to illness in 2000 (he died before the election), McCollum won the DFL nomination to succeed him. The district is heavily Democratic (only the neighboring 5th District is considered more Democratic), and Democrats have held the seat since 1949. However, McCollum's main concern wasn't ] ], but ] candidate Tom Foley. Foley had previously been county attorney for ] (almost all of which is in the 4th District) as a Democrat. Many thought that Foley could siphon off enough votes from McCollum to allow Runbeck to sneak up the middle and end the long run of Democratic dominance in the district. However, in the end McCollum defeated Runbeck by a solid 17-point margin, with Foley in a distant third place. Foley only managed to hold McCollum to 48 percent of the vote, making her the only Democrat not to win at least 50 percent of the vote since Democrats began their current run in the district. The district has since reverted to form, and McCollum has been reelected four times without serious opposition.


McCollum opposes Conceal-and-Carry legislation and voted against Right-to-Carry reciprocity in November 2011.<ref name="votesmart1"/>
In 2008, McCollum endorsed Barack Obama for president.

In July 2019, McCollum voted against a House resolution introduced by Representative ] of Illinois opposing the Global ] Movement targeting ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/23/politics/no-votes-house-resolution-israel-boycott-movement/index.html|title=Who voted 'no' on the House resolution opposing Israel boycott movement|author=Clare Foran|website=CNN|date=July 24, 2019 |access-date=July 25, 2019}}</ref> The resolution passed 398-17.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-resolution/246|title=H.Res.246 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Opposing efforts to delegitimize the State of Israel and the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel.|last=Schneider|first=Bradley Scott|date=July 23, 2019|website=www.congress.gov|access-date=July 25, 2019}}</ref> In February 2020, McCollum called ] a ] and accused it of ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-12 |title=McCollum Statement: Hate Speech Makes AIPAC a Hate Group |url=https://mccollum.house.gov/media/press-releases/mccollum-statement-hate-speech-makes-aipac-hate-group |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=Congresswoman Betty McCollum |language=en}}</ref>

In April 2021, McCollum introduced the Defending the Human Rights of Palestinian Children and Families Living under Israeli Military Occupation Act, a bill that aims to prohibit Israel from using ] to detain Palestinian minors, demolish Palestinian homes, or further ] West Bank land. The bill requires the ] to file an annual report to Congress detailing the extent to which U.S. aid from the previous fiscal year was used to bankroll any of the aforementioned activities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/aipac-pans-bill-to-block-us-aid-from-some-israeli-activities-in-west-bank/|title=AIPAC pans bill to block US aid from some Israeli activities in West Bank|author=Jacob Magid|website=The Times of Israel|access-date=April 23, 2021}}</ref>

On July 18, 2023, McCollum voted "present" on a ] ] proposed by ] that "the State of Israel is not a ] or ]", that Congress rejects "all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia", and that “the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wong|first1=Scott|last2=Kaplan|first2=Rebecca|last3=Stewart|first3=Kyle|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/house-pass-resolution-backing-israel-jayapal-racist-state-rcna94897|title=House overwhelmingly passes resolution backing Israel after Rep. Jayapal calls it a 'racist state'|website=]|date=July 18, 2023|access-date=July 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719000920/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/house-pass-resolution-backing-israel-jayapal-racist-state-rcna94897|archive-date=July 19, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>

On July 19, 2024, McCollum called for Joe Biden to withdraw from the ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Every Big Name Urging Biden To Drop Out: Sen. Sherrod Brown Joins 35 Democrats In Congress |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/saradorn/2024/07/19/every-big-name-urging-biden-to-drop-out-sen-sherrod-brown-joins-35-democrats-in-congress/ |website=] |access-date=20 July 2024}}</ref>


==Electoral history== ==Electoral history==

===2010===
{{Election box begin | title=2000 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=22&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{main|United States House of Representatives elections, 2010}}
{{Election box begin | title=2010 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US) |party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum |candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 136,746 |votes = 130,403
|percentage = 59.09 |percentage = 48.04%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US) |party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Teresa Collett |candidate = ]
|votes = 80,141 |votes = 83,852
|percentage = 34.63 |percentage = 30.89%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence |party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence
|candidate = Steve Carlson |candidate = Tom Foley
|votes = 14,207 |votes = 55,899
|percentage = 6.14 |percentage = 20.59%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Constitution Party (US)|Constitution
|candidate = Nicholas Skrivanek
|votes = 1,285
|percentage = 0.47%
|change = –}}
{{Election box end}} {{Election box end}}


{{Election box begin | title=2002 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=32&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
===2008===
{{main|United States House of Representatives elections, 2008}}
{{Election box begin | title=2008 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US) |party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum |candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 216,250 |votes = 164,597
|percentage = 68.4 |percentage = 62.22%
|change = -1.6}} |change = +14.18%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US) |party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Ed Matthews |candidate = Clyde Billington
|votes = 98,928 |votes = 89,705
|percentage = 31.3 |percentage = 33.91%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Green Party of the United States|Green
|candidate = Scott J. Raskiewicz
|votes = 9,919
|percentage = 3.75%
|change = –}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=2004 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=42&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 182,387
|percentage = 57.48%
|change = −4.74%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Patrice Bataglia
|votes = 105,467
|percentage = 33.24%
|change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence
|candidate = Peter F. Vento
|votes = 29,099
|percentage = 9.17%
|change = –}}
{{Election box end}} {{Election box end}}


{{Election box begin | title=2006 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=55&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
===2006===
{{main|United States House of Representatives elections, 2006}}
{{Election box begin | title=2006 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US) |party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum |candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 172,100 |votes = 172,096
|percentage = 70 |percentage = 69.54%
|change = +12}} |change = +12.06%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US) |party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Obi Sium |candidate = Obi Sium
|votes = 74,797 |votes = 74,797
|percentage = 30 |percentage = 30.23%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box end}} {{Election box end}}


{{Election box begin | title=2008 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=63&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
===2004===
{{main|United States House of Representatives elections, 2004}}
{{Election box begin | title=2004 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US) |party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum |candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 180,650 |votes = 216,267
|percentage = 58 |percentage = 68.44%
|change = -4}} |change = −1.10%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US) |party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Patrice Bataglia |candidate = Ed Matthews
|votes = 103,680 |votes = 98,936
|percentage = 33 |percentage = 31.31%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=2010 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=69&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 136,746
|percentage = 59.09%
|change = −9.30%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Teresa Collett
|votes = 80,141
|percentage = 34.63%
|change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence |party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence
|candidate = Peter Vento |candidate = Steve Carlson
|votes = 28,844 |votes = 14,207
|percentage = 9 |percentage = 6.14%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box end}} {{Election box end}}


{{Election box begin | title=2012 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=1&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
===2002===
{{main|United States House of Representatives elections, 2002}}
{{Election box begin | title=2002 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US) |party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum |candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 163,885 |votes = 216,685
|percentage = 62 |percentage = 62.27%
|change = +14}} |change = +3.18%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US) |party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Clyde Billington |candidate = Tony Hernandez
|votes = 89,489 |votes = 109,659
|percentage = 34 |percentage = 31.51%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box candidate| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = ] |party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence
|candidate = Scott Raskiewicz |candidate = Steve Carlson
|votes = 9,873 |votes = 21,135
|percentage = 4 |percentage = 6.07%
|change = -}} |change = -0.07%}}
{{Election box end}} {{Election box end}}


{{Election box begin | title=2014 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=20&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
===2000===
{{main|United States House of Representatives elections, 2000}}
{{Election box begin | title=2000 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US) |party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum |candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = |votes = 147,857
|percentage = 48 |percentage = 61.19%
|change = -}} |change = -1.08%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US) |party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = ] |candidate = Sharna Wahlgren
|votes = |votes = 79,492
|percentage = 31 |percentage = 32.90%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| {{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence |party = Independence Party of Minnesota|Independence
|candidate = Tom Foley |candidate = Dave Thomas
|votes = |votes = 14,059
|percentage = 21 |percentage = 5.82%
|change = -}} |change = –}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=2016 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=100&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 203,299
|percentage = 57.76%
|change = -4.03%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Greg Ryan
|votes = 121,032
|percentage = 34.39%
|change = –}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Legal Marijuana Now Party
|candidate = Susan Pendergast Sindt
|votes = 27,152
|percentage = 7.71%
|change = –}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=2018 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=115&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Betty McCollum
|votes = 216,866
|percentage = 65.99%
|change = +8.23%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = Greg Ryan
|votes = 97,746
|percentage = 29.75%
|change = -4.64%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Legal Marijuana Now Party
|candidate = Susan Pendergast Sindt
|votes = 13,777
|percentage = 4.19%
|change = -3.52%}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin
| title = 2020 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=136&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |date=November 30, 2020|work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Betty McCollum
| party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
| votes = 245,813
| percentage = 63.2%
| change = -2.8%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Gene Rechtzigel
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 112,730
| percentage = 29.0%
| change = -}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Susan Sindt
| party = Grassroots Party
| votes = 29,537
| percentage = 7.6%
| change = -}}
{{Election box write-in with party link
| votes = 1,034
| percentage = 0.3%
| change = -}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin
| title = 2022 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://electionresults.sos.state.mn.us/Results/Index?ersElectionId=149&scenario=USRepresentative&districtId=559|title=Results for U.S. Representative District 4 |date=December 16, 2022|work=Minnesota Secretary of State}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = Betty McCollum
| party = Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
| votes = 200,055
| percentage = 67.59%
| change = +4.4%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
| candidate = May Lor Xiong
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 95,493
| percentage = 32.26%
| change = -}}
{{Election box write-in with party link
| votes = 425
| percentage = 0.14%
| change = -}}
{{Election box end}} {{Election box end}}


==See also== ==See also==
*] * ]
* ]
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}}
<references/>
*
{{CongBio|M001143}}


==External links== ==Further reading==
* ''official U.S. House site''
* ''official campaign site''
*{{CongLinks | congbio = m001143 | votesmart = BS021756 | washpo = Betty_McCollum | govtrack = 400259 | opencong = 400259_Betty_McCollum | cspan = 86670 | ontheissuespath = House/Betty_McCollum.htm | surge = | legistorm = 358/Rep_Betty_Louise_McCollum.html | fec = H0MN04049 | opensecrets = N00012942 | followthemoney = | nyt = | findagrave = }}
* profile from '']''
*Betty McCollum, , ], Volume 53, Number 10, June 8, 2006, with an introduction by ]. *Betty McCollum, , ], Volume 53, Number 10, June 8, 2006, with an introduction by ].


==External links==
{{start box}}
{{Commons category|Betty McCollum}}
{{wikisource author}}
* official U.S. House website
*
{{CongLinks | congbio=m001143 | votesmart=3812 | fec=H0MN04049 | congress=betty-mccollum/1653}}
*
*{{C-SPAN|86670}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-hs}} {{s-par|us-hs}}
{{USRepSuccession box {{US House succession box
| state=Minnesota |state = Minnesota
| district=4 |district = 4
| before=] |before = ]
| years=2001–Present |years = 2001–present}}
{{s-break}}
| after=Incumbent}}
{{s-prec|usa}} {{s-prec|usa}}
{{s-bef|before=]<br><small>D-]}} {{s-bef|before=]}}
{{s-ttl|title='']''|years=183rd}} {{s-ttl|title=]|years=34th}}
{{s-aft|after=]<br><small>D-]}} {{s-aft|after=]}}
{{end box}} {{s-end}}


{{MN-FedRep}} {{MN-FedRep}}
{{USCongRep-start|congresses= 107th–present ]es |state=]}}
{{USCongRep/MN/107}}
{{USCongRep/MN/108}}
{{USCongRep/MN/109}}
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{{USCongRep/MN/116}}
{{USCongRep/MN/117}}
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{{USCongRep-end}}
{{USHouseCurrent}}
{{MNRepresentatives}} {{MNRepresentatives}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:McCollum, Betty}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->
| NAME =Maccollum, Betty
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =1954-07-12
| PLACE OF BIRTH =]
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maccollum, Betty}}
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Latest revision as of 03:27, 12 January 2025

American politician (born 1954)

Betty McCollum
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Minnesota's 4th district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2001
Preceded byBruce Vento
Member of the Minnesota House of Representatives
from the 55B district
In office
January 5, 1993 – January 3, 2001
Preceded byHarriet McPherson
Succeeded byScott Wasiluk
Personal details
BornBetty Louise Dierich
(1954-07-12) July 12, 1954 (age 70)
Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
EducationSt. Catherine University (BA)
WebsiteHouse website
Betty McCollum's voice McCollum eulogizes her deceased colleague, Jim Hagedorn
Recorded February 28, 2022

Betty Louise McCollum (/məˈkɒləm/ mə-KOL-əm; born July 12, 1954) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Minnesota's 4th congressional district, serving since 2001. She is a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL). McCollum's district centers on St. Paul, Minnesota's capital city. She is the second woman elected to Congress from Minnesota. McCollum became the dean of Minnesota's congressional delegation in 2021.

Before her election to the U.S. House, McCollum served eight years as a state representative.

Biography

McCollum was born in Minneapolis. She graduated from the College of St. Catherine in St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1976. McCollum has worked as a high school social sciences teacher and as a sales manager.

She first won election to the North St. Paul city council in 1986. In 1992 she was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives after she defeated an incumbent state representative in the DFL primary. She served four terms in the Minnesota House before being elected to Congress in 2000.

U.S. House of Representatives

Campaigns

See also: 2000 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota § District 4

After 4th district Representative Bruce Vento decided not to seek a 13th term due to illness in 2000 (he died before the election), McCollum won the DFL nomination to succeed him. The district is heavily Democratic; among Minnesota's congressional districts, only the neighboring Minneapolis-based 5th district is considered more Democratic. The DFL has held the seat without interruption since 1949.

McCollum's main concern during the campaign wasn't her Republican opponent, State Senator Linda Runbeck, but Independence Party candidate Tom Foley. Foley had previously been county attorney for Ramsey County (almost all of which is in the 4th district) as a Democrat. Many thought Foley might siphon off enough votes from McCollum to allow Runbeck to win. But McCollum defeated Runbeck by 17 points, with Foley in a distant third place. Foley held McCollum to 48% of the vote, making her the only Democrat not to win at least 50% of the vote since Democrats began their dominance in the district. The district has since reverted to form, and McCollum has been reelected nine times with no substantive opposition.

Tenure

According to the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University, McCollum held a Bipartisan Index Score of -0.1 in the 116th United States Congress for 2019, which placed her 219th out of 435 members. Based on FiveThirtyEight's congressional vote tracker at ABC News, McCollum voted with Donald Trump's stated public policy positions 11.4% of the time, which ranked her average in the 116th United States Congress when predictive scoring (district partisanship and voting record) is used. In the 117th Congress, she voted with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time.

Committee assignments

For the 118th Congress:

Party leadership, caucus, and other memberships

McCollum is the first woman elected to Congress from Minnesota since Coya Knutson in the 1950s.

McCollum received a 91% progressive rating from Progressive Punch, a self-described nonpartisan group that provides a "searchable database of Congressional voting records from a Progressive perspective", and a 13% conservative rating from the conservative SBE Council.

Political positions

McCollum is pro-choice and supports Planned Parenthood, NARAL Pro-Choice America, and National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association. The latter organization aims to provide access to family planning and reproductive health care services and advocates for reproductive freedom. She indicated on the 2002 National Political Awareness Test that she believed abortions should always be legally available, but only within the first trimester of pregnancy.

McCollum has consistently supported the rights of members in the LGBTQ community. The Human Rights Campaign, one of America's largest civil rights organization working to achieve lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality, has continually approved of her voting record. In a speech opposing the proposed Federal Marriage Amendment, McCollum said, "Gay and lesbian Americans are citizens who must never be treated as second-class citizens".

She has supported the interests of the elderly with regard to preserving Social Security. She has backed organizations such as the Alliance for Retired Americans and the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, which share the mission to ensure social and economic justice and full civil rights for all citizens so that they may enjoy lives of dignity, personal and family fulfillment and security. In a position paper, McCollum defended her position on Social Security, writing, "We can secure the future of Social Security with common sense and a shared, bipartisan commitment to economic security and fiscal responsibility for all Americans. This is my commitment, and you can count on me to work to protect Social Security and to find a solution that truly protects the retirement security of every American."

McCollum advocates shifting America's energy consumption to cleaner, non-carbon-based sources. Along with Al Franken and Kit Bond, she introduced the Renewable Energy and Efficiency Act, a bill to utilize thermal energy sources and create renewable energy production tax credits. She also voted for the American Recovery and Reinvestment in 2009.

In 2004, McCollum gained national visibility when she and fellow Democrat Jim McDermott of Washington called for Secretary of Education Rod Paige to resign for claiming the National Education Association was "a terrorist organization."

She also introduced amendments in June 2011 and 2012 to cut funding for military bands by $125 million, a proposal opposed by the Fleet Reserve Association and which the National Association for Music Education called "potentially devastating."

McCollum opposes Conceal-and-Carry legislation and voted against Right-to-Carry reciprocity in November 2011.

In July 2019, McCollum voted against a House resolution introduced by Representative Brad Schneider of Illinois opposing the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel. The resolution passed 398-17. In February 2020, McCollum called AIPAC a hate group and accused it of hate speech.

In April 2021, McCollum introduced the Defending the Human Rights of Palestinian Children and Families Living under Israeli Military Occupation Act, a bill that aims to prohibit Israel from using U.S. aid to detain Palestinian minors, demolish Palestinian homes, or further annex West Bank land. The bill requires the State Department to file an annual report to Congress detailing the extent to which U.S. aid from the previous fiscal year was used to bankroll any of the aforementioned activities.

On July 18, 2023, McCollum voted "present" on a congressional non-binding resolution proposed by August Pfluger that "the State of Israel is not a racist or apartheid state", that Congress rejects "all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia", and that “the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel".

On July 19, 2024, McCollum called for Joe Biden to withdraw from the 2024 United States presidential election.

Electoral history

2000 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 130,403 48.04% –
Republican Linda Runbeck 83,852 30.89% –
Independence Tom Foley 55,899 20.59% –
Constitution Nicholas Skrivanek 1,285 0.47% –
2002 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 164,597 62.22% +14.18%
Republican Clyde Billington 89,705 33.91% –
Green Scott J. Raskiewicz 9,919 3.75% –
2004 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 182,387 57.48% −4.74%
Republican Patrice Bataglia 105,467 33.24% –
Independence Peter F. Vento 29,099 9.17% –
2006 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 172,096 69.54% +12.06%
Republican Obi Sium 74,797 30.23% –
2008 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 216,267 68.44% −1.10%
Republican Ed Matthews 98,936 31.31% –
2010 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 136,746 59.09% −9.30%
Republican Teresa Collett 80,141 34.63% –
Independence Steve Carlson 14,207 6.14% –
2012 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 216,685 62.27% +3.18%
Republican Tony Hernandez 109,659 31.51% –
Independence Steve Carlson 21,135 6.07% −0.07%
2014 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 147,857 61.19% −1.08%
Republican Sharna Wahlgren 79,492 32.90% –
Independence Dave Thomas 14,059 5.82% –
2016 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 203,299 57.76% −4.03%
Republican Greg Ryan 121,032 34.39% –
Legal Marijuana Now Susan Pendergast Sindt 27,152 7.71% –
2018 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Betty McCollum 216,866 65.99% +8.23%
Republican Greg Ryan 97,746 29.75% −4.64%
Legal Marijuana Now Susan Pendergast Sindt 13,777 4.19% −3.52%
2020 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic (DFL) Betty McCollum 245,813 63.2% −2.8%
Republican Gene Rechtzigel 112,730 29.0% −
Grassroots Susan Sindt 29,537 7.6% −
Write-in 1,034 0.3% -
2022 Fourth Congressional District of Minnesota Elections
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic (DFL) Betty McCollum 200,055 67.59% +4.4%
Republican May Lor Xiong 95,493 32.26% −
Write-in 425 0.14% -

See also

References

  1. "Elections 2008". Chicago Sun-Times. October 23, 2008. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2008.
  2. "Campaign 2004". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved February 26, 2007.
  3. "Biography". Congresswoman Betty McCollum. April 12, 2017. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
  4. "The Lugar Center - McCourt School Bipartisan Index House Scores 116th Congress First Session (2019)" (PDF). Georgetown University. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  5. "Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump - Betty McCollum". ABC News. January 30, 2017. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  6. "Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump". ABC News. January 30, 2017. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  7. Bycoffe, Aaron; Wiederkehr, Anna (April 22, 2021). "Does Your Member Of Congress Vote With Or Against Biden?". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
  8. "Betty McCollum". Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  9. "Native American Caucus Leadership Announced for 117th Congress". April 14, 2021. Retrieved July 28, 2022.
  10. "Membership". Congressional Arts Caucus. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  11. "Members". Afterschool Alliance. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
  12. "Our Members". U.S. House of Representatives International Conservation Caucus. Archived from the original on August 1, 2018. Retrieved August 1, 2018.
  13. "Members of the Veterinary Medicine Caucus". Veterinary Medicine Caucus. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved October 12, 2018.
  14. "Congressional Coalition on Adoption Institute".
  15. "Membership". Congressional Caucus for the Equal Rights Amendment. Retrieved September 18, 2024.
  16. "Leading with the Left". Progressive Punch. Retrieved November 2, 2006.
  17. "Congressional Voting Scorecard 2005" (PDF). SBE Council's Congressional Voting Scorecard 2005. Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council. June 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 29, 2006. Retrieved November 2, 2006.
  18. "Betty McCollum: Interest Group Rating". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  19. "National Special Interest Groups". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  20. ^ "Betty McCollum - Political Courage Test". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  21. ^ "National Special Interest Groups". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  22. "About Us". Human Rights Campaign. Archived from the original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  23. "Public Statements". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  24. "National Special Interest Groups". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  25. "Public Statements". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  26. "Franken, Bond, McCollum Introduce Thermal Renewable Energy and Efficiency Act". Mccollum.house.gov. July 21, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  27. "Energy". Mccollum.house.gov. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  28. Alaimo, Carol Ann (August 22, 2011). "At Ft. Huachuca and elsewhere, military bands play the blues". Arizona Daily Star.
  29. Clare Foran (July 24, 2019). "Who voted 'no' on the House resolution opposing Israel boycott movement". CNN. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
  30. Schneider, Bradley Scott (July 23, 2019). "H.Res.246 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Opposing efforts to delegitimize the State of Israel and the Global Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions Movement targeting Israel". www.congress.gov. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
  31. "McCollum Statement: Hate Speech Makes AIPAC a Hate Group". Congresswoman Betty McCollum. February 12, 2020. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  32. Jacob Magid. "AIPAC pans bill to block US aid from some Israeli activities in West Bank". The Times of Israel. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
  33. Wong, Scott; Kaplan, Rebecca; Stewart, Kyle (July 18, 2023). "House overwhelmingly passes resolution backing Israel after Rep. Jayapal calls it a 'racist state'". NBC News. Archived from the original on July 19, 2023. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
  34. "Every Big Name Urging Biden To Drop Out: Sen. Sherrod Brown Joins 35 Democrats In Congress". Forbes. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
  35. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  36. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  37. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  38. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  39. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  40. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  41. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  42. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  43. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  44. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State.
  45. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State. November 30, 2020.
  46. "Results for U.S. Representative District 4". Minnesota Secretary of State. December 16, 2022.

Further reading

External links

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded byBruce Vento Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Minnesota's 4th congressional district
2001–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byRick Larsen United States representatives by seniority
34th 		Succeeded byStephen Lynch
Minnesota's current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators
Representatives
(ordered by district)
Minnesota's delegation(s) to the 107th–present United States Congresses (ordered by seniority)
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112th Senate: House:
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119th Senate: House:
Current members of the United States House of Representatives
Speaker: Mike Johnson
Majority
Republican Party conference
Speaker: Mike Johnson ‧ Majority Leader: Steve Scalise ‧ Majority Whip: Tom Emmer
Minority
Democratic Party caucus
Minority Leader: Hakeem Jeffries ‧ Minority Whip: Katherine Clark
Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Minnesota
Districts 1–8 (active)
1st district
Territorial Delegate, 1849–1858
Sibley
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1863–1933
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T. Wilson
Dunnell
Harries
Tawney
Anderson
Furlow
Christgau
1935–present
Andresen
Quie
Erdahl
Penny
Gutknecht
Walz
J. Hagedorn
Finstad
2nd district
1863–1933
Donnelly
E.M. Wilson
Averill
Strait
Poehler
Strait
Wakefield
Lind
McCleary
Hammond
Ellsworth
Clague
1935–present
Ryan
O'Hara
Nelsen
T. Hagedorn
Weber
Minge
Kennedy
Kline
Lewis
Craig
3rd district
1873–1933
Averill
King
Stewart
Washburn
Strait
MacDonald
D. Hall
O. Hall
Heatwole
Davis
Andresen
1935–present
Lundeen
Teigan
Alexander
Gale
Gallagher
MacKinnon
Wier
MacGregor
Frenzel
Ramstad
Paulsen
Phillips
Morrison
4th district
1883–1933
Washburn
Gilfillan
Rice
Snider
Castle
Kiefer
Stevens
Van Dyke
Keller
Maas
1935–present
Maas
Starkey
Devitt
McCarthy
Karth
Vento
McCollum
5th district
1883–1933
Nelson
Comstock
Halvorson
Fletcher
Lind
Fletcher
Nye
Smith
Lundeen
Newton
W. Nolan
1935–present
Christianson
D. Johnson
Youngdahl
Judd
Fraser
Sabo
Ellison
Omar
6th district
1893–1933
Baldwin
Towne
Morris
Buckman
Lindbergh
H. Knutson
1935–present
H. Knutson
Marshall
Olson
Zwach
R. Nolan
Weber
Sikorski
Grams
Luther
Kennedy
Bachmann
Emmer
7th district
1893–1933
Boen
Eddy
Volstead
O. Kvale
P. Kvale
1935–present
P. Kvale
Andersen
Langen
Bergland
Stangeland
Peterson
Fischbach
8th district
1903–1933
Bede
Miller
Carss
Larson
Carss
Pittenger
1935–present
Pittenger
Bernard
Pittenger
Blatnik
Oberstar
Cravaack
R. Nolan
Stauber
Districts 9–10 and statewide general ticket (obsolete)
9th district
1903–33
Steenerson
Wefald
Selvig
1935–63
Buckler
Hagen
C. Knutson
Langen
10th district
1915–33
Schall
Goodwin
General ticket
1858–63
Cavanaugh
Phelps
Windom
Aldrich
1913–15
Manahan
1933–35
Arens
Chase
Christianson
Hoidale
Johnson
H. Knutson
P. Kvale
Lundeen
Shoemaker
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