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| {{Use mdy dates|date= |
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}} | ||
| {{ |
{{About year|1108}} | ||
| {{Year nav|1108}} | {{Year nav|1108}} | ||
| {{C12 year in topic}} | {{C12 year in topic}} | ||
| ] ('''the Fat''') (r. 1108–1137)]] | |||
| Year '''1108''' (''']''') was a ] |
Year '''1108''' (''']''') was a ] of the ]. | ||
| == Events == | == Events == | ||
| <onlyinclude> | <onlyinclude> | ||
| === By place === | === By place === | ||
| ==== Europe ==== | ==== Europe ==== | ||
| * Spring – King ] |
* Spring – King ] sails from ], on the ] to ]. He repels a Muslim fleet near the ], then attacks ], ] and ], and finally defeats a second Muslim fleet further south.<ref>{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|year=1997|title=La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age|location=Paris|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France|isbn=2130488102}}</ref> | ||
| * ] – ]: ] forces defeat the armies of ] and ]. The advance of the ] is halted, and the Berbers re-capture the towns of ], ], ] and ]. The Christians, many of ], are beheaded.<ref>{{cite journal|last=McGrank|first=Lawrence|title=Norman crusaders and the Catalan reconquest: Robert Burdet and the principality of Tarragona 1129-55|journal=Journal of Medieval History|year=1981|volume=7|issue=1|pages=67–82|doi=10.1016/0304-4181(81)90036-1}}</ref> | * ] – ]: ] forces defeat the armies of ] and ]. The advance of the ] is halted, and the Berbers re-capture the towns of ], ], ] and ]. The Christians, many of ], are beheaded.<ref>{{cite journal|last=McGrank|first=Lawrence|title=Norman crusaders and the Catalan reconquest: Robert Burdet and the principality of Tarragona 1129-55|journal=Journal of Medieval History|year=1981|volume=7|issue=1|pages=67–82|doi=10.1016/0304-4181(81)90036-1}}</ref> | ||
| * ] – King ] |
* ] – King ] dies at ], after a 48-year reign. He is succeeded by his son ], who, at the start of his rule, faces insurrections from feudal brigands and rebellious ]. | ||
| * September – ]: Italo-Norman forces under ] lift the siege due to illness and lack of supplies. Bohemond becomes a vassal of the ] by signing the ]. | * September – ]: Italo-Norman forces under ] lift the siege due to illness and lack of supplies. Bohemond becomes a vassal of the ] by signing the ]. | ||
| * Autumn – The ] ceases to exist, after King ] |
* Autumn – The ] ceases to exist, after King ] of ], deposes its last ruler, ], duke of ]. | ||
| * The consuls of ] are first mentioned, indicating that the city has become an independent ] in ] (Northern ]).<ref>{{cite book|last=Kleinhenz|first=Christopher|title=Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia, Volume 1|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=0-415-93930-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1piMMqjAf1MC& |
* The consuls of ] are first mentioned, indicating that the city has become an independent ] in ] (Northern ]).<ref>{{cite book|last=Kleinhenz|first=Christopher|title=Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia, Volume 1|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=0-415-93930-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1piMMqjAf1MC&q=1101+sicile}}</ref> | ||
| ==== Levant ==== | ==== Levant ==== | ||
| * Summer – ], Turkish ruler |
* Summer – ], Turkish ruler of ], accepts a ransom of 30,000 dinar by Count ] and releases his cousin ], count of ], who is held as prisoner (see ]).<ref>] (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 90. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref> | ||
| * Baldwin |
* ] marches out against ], with the support of a squadron of sailor-adventurers from various Italian cities. A ] fleet from ] defeats the Italians in a sea-battle outside the harbour.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 74. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref> | ||
| ==== Asia ==== | ==== Asia ==== | ||
| * The ] and ] clans join forces to rule |
* The ] and ] clans join forces to rule Japan, after defeating the warrior monks of the ] temple near ]. The Taira replace many ] nobles in important offices – while the Minamoto gain more military experience by bringing parts of Northern ] under Japanese control (approximate date). | ||
| === By topic === | === By topic === | ||
| Line 31: | Line 32: | ||
| * Construction begins on the tower of ], building continues until ]. | * Construction begins on the tower of ], building continues until ]. | ||
| * ] in Italy is damaged by a severe fire. | * ] in Italy is damaged by a severe fire. | ||
| * ] – Restored ] in Italy is consecrated.</onlyinclude> | |||
| </onlyinclude> | |||
| == Births == | == Births == | ||
| * ], Byzantine prince (d. ]) | * ], Byzantine prince (d. ]) | ||
| * ] |
* ], count of ] (d. ]) | ||
| * ], Italo-Norman prince of ] (d. ]) | * ], Italo-Norman prince of ] (d. ]) | ||
| * ] |
* ], Irish princess (d. ]) | ||
| * ], Seljuk sultan (d. ]) | * ], Seljuk sultan (d. ]) | ||
| * ] |
* ], duke of ] (d. ]) | ||
| * ] |
* ], duke of Bavaria (d. ]) | ||
| == Deaths == | == Deaths == | ||
| * ] – ], Grand Princess of ] | * ] – ], Grand Princess of ] | ||
| * ] – ], Japanese ] (b. ]) | * ] – ], Japanese ] (b. ]) | ||
| * ] – ], Norman archbishop of ] | * ] – ], Norman archbishop of ] | ||
| Line 49: | Line 51: | ||
| ** ], Castilian nobleman | ** ], Castilian nobleman | ||
| * ] – ], Italo-Norman diplomat | * ] – ], Italo-Norman diplomat | ||
| * ] – ] |
* ] – ], king of ] | ||
| * ] – ], bishop of ] | * ] – ], bishop of ] | ||
| * ], Castilian official and military leader | * ], Castilian official and military leader | ||
| Line 55: | Line 57: | ||
| * ], count of ] (approximate date) | * ], count of ] (approximate date) | ||
| * ], bishop of ] (approximate date) | * ], bishop of ] (approximate date) | ||
| * ] |
* ], French nobleman and crusader | ||
| * ], Norman noblewoman (b. ]) | * ], Norman noblewoman (b. ]) | ||
| * ], Norman ] | * ], Norman ] | ||
| Line 66: | Line 68: | ||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:1108}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:1108}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:59, 11 January 2025
Calendar year
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1108 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1108 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1108 MCVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1861 |
| Armenian calendar | 557 ԹՎ ՇԾԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5858 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1029–1030 |
| Bengali calendar | 514–515 |
| Berber calendar | 2058 |
| English Regnal year | 8 Hen. 1 – 9 Hen. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1652 |
| Burmese calendar | 470 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6616–6617 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁亥年 (Fire Pig) 3805 or 3598 — to — 戊子年 (Earth Rat) 3806 or 3599 |
| Coptic calendar | 824–825 |
| Discordian calendar | 2274 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1100–1101 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4868–4869 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1164–1165 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1029–1030 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4208–4209 |
| Holocene calendar | 11108 |
| Igbo calendar | 108–109 |
| Iranian calendar | 486–487 |
| Islamic calendar | 501–502 |
| Japanese calendar | Kajō 3 / Tennin 1 (天仁元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1013–1014 |
| Julian calendar | 1108 MCVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3441 |
| Minguo calendar | 804 before ROC 民前804年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −360 |
| Seleucid era | 1419/1420 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1650–1651 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火猪年 (female Fire-Pig) 1234 or 853 or 81 — to — 阳土鼠年 (male Earth-Rat) 1235 or 854 or 82 |
Year 1108 (MCVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- Spring – King Sigurd I sails from England, on the Norwegian Crusade to Palestine. He repels a Muslim fleet near the Tagus River, then attacks Sintra, Lisbon and Alcácer do Sal, and finally defeats a second Muslim fleet further south.
- May 29 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid forces defeat the armies of Castile and León. The advance of the Reconquista is halted, and the Berbers re-capture the towns of Uclés, Cuenca, Huete and Ocaña. The Christians, many of nobility, are beheaded.
- July 29 – King Philip I dies at Melun, after a 48-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Louis VI, who, at the start of his rule, faces insurrections from feudal brigands and rebellious robber barons.
- September – Siege of Dyrrhachium: Italo-Norman forces under Bohemond I lift the siege due to illness and lack of supplies. Bohemond becomes a vassal of the Byzantine Empire by signing the Treaty of Devol.
- Autumn – The Principality of Nitra ceases to exist, after King Coloman of Hungary, deposes its last ruler, Álmos, duke of Croatia.
- The consuls of Bergamo are first mentioned, indicating that the city has become an independent commune in Lombardy (Northern Italy).
Levant
- Summer – Jawali Saqawa, Turkish ruler of Mosul, accepts a ransom of 30,000 dinar by Count Joscelin I and releases his cousin Baldwin II, count of Edessa, who is held as prisoner (see 1104).
- Baldwin I marches out against Sidon, with the support of a squadron of sailor-adventurers from various Italian cities. A Fatimid fleet from Egypt defeats the Italians in a sea-battle outside the harbour.
Asia
- The Taira and Minamoto clans join forces to rule Japan, after defeating the warrior monks of the Enryaku-ji temple near Kyoto. The Taira replace many Fujiwara nobles in important offices – while the Minamoto gain more military experience by bringing parts of Northern Honshu under Japanese control (approximate date).
By topic
Religion
- Chichester Cathedral is consecrated under Ralph de Luffa, bishop of Chichester, in England.
- Construction begins on the tower of Winchester Cathedral, building continues until 1120.
- Pistoia Cathedral in Italy is damaged by a severe fire.
- June 13 – Restored Ferentino Cathedral in Italy is consecrated.
Births
- Andronikos Komnenos, Byzantine prince (d. 1142)
- Baldwin IV, count of Hainaut (d. 1171)
- Bohemond II, Italo-Norman prince of Antioch (d. 1130)
- Derbforgaill, Irish princess (d. 1193)
- Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud, Seljuk sultan (d. 1152)
- Henry X, duke of Bavaria (d. 1139)
- Leopold IV, duke of Bavaria (d. 1141)
Deaths
- January 4 – Gertrude, Grand Princess of Kyiv
- March 18 – Abe no Munetō, Japanese samurai (b. 1032)
- May 21 – Gerard, Norman archbishop of York
- May 29
- García Ordóñez, Castilian nobleman
- Sancho Alfónsez, Castilian nobleman
- July 5 – Guy of Hauteville, Italo-Norman diplomat
- July 29 – Philip I, king of France
- November 15 – Enrico Contarini, bishop of Castello
- García Álvarez, Castilian official and military leader
- Gonzalo, bishop of Mondoñedo (approximate date)
- Gregory III, count of Tusculum (approximate date)
- Gundulf, bishop of Rochester (approximate date)
- Guy II, French nobleman and crusader
- Mafalda of Pulla-Calabria, Norman noblewoman (b. 1060)
- Urse d'Abetot, Norman sheriff of Worcestershire
- Veera Ballala I, Indian ruler of the Hoysala Empire
- Wang, Chinese empress of the Song Dynasty (b. 1084)
References
- Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 2130488102.
- McGrank, Lawrence (1981). "Norman crusaders and the Catalan reconquest: Robert Burdet and the principality of Tarragona 1129-55". Journal of Medieval History. 7 (1): 67–82. doi:10.1016/0304-4181(81)90036-1.
- Kleinhenz, Christopher (2004). Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia, Volume 1. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-93930-5.
- Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 90. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
- Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 74. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.